The forest frontier in the Global South: Climate change policies and the promise of development and equity

Halting forest loss and achieving sustainable development in an equitable manner require state, non-state actors, and entire societies in the Global North and South to tackle deeply established patterns of inequality and power relations embedded in forest frontiers. Forest and climate governance in the Global South can provide an avenue for the transformational change needed—yet, does it? We analyse the politics and power in four cases of mitigation, adaptation, and development arenas. We use a political economy lens to explore the transformations taking place when climate policy meets specific forest frontiers in the Global South, where international, national and local institutions, interests, ideas, and information are at play. We argue that lasting and equitable outcomes will require a strong discursive shift within dominant institutions and among policy actors to redress policies that place responsibilities and burdens on local people in the Global South, while benefits from deforestation and maladaptation are taken elsewhere. What is missing is a shared transformational objective and priority to keep forests standing among all those involved from afar in the major forest frontiers in the tropics.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13280-021-01602-1.     

Lessons for successful participatory watershed modeling: A perspective from modeling practitioners

Participatory modeling is the process of incorporating stakeholders, often including the public, and decision makers into an otherwise purely analytic modeling process to support decisions involving complex natural resources questions. Participatory modeling is particularly compatible with the rising focus on integrated water resources management, which incorporates systems theory and aims to protect and improve water resources while considering economic and social concerns in the community. In this article, we present a series of lessons based on experience working with stakeholder groups to develop watershed and water quality models to address water resource issues in Maryland, Vermont, Utah, and Virginia. We believe these lessons in participatory modeling, discussed from our perspective as scientists and modelers engaged in applied watershed issues, can help to achieve successful participatory modeling efforts elsewhere. The lessons relate to stakeholder engagement, modeling tools, model development and calibration, scenario testing, and applying results to management decisions.     

De facto governance: how authoritative assessments construct climate engineering as an object of governance

ABSTRACT

Analyses of climate engineering (CE) governance have accelerated in the last decade. A key claim is that CE remains a largely ungoverned space, with shared norms, institutional arrangements, and formal rules to regulate CE not yet present. In contrast, here it is argued that de facto governance of CE is underway, discernible in an ordering of this nascent field of inquiry by unacknowledged sources of steering. One key source of de facto governance is analyzed: high-level ‘authoritative assessments’ of CE. The focus is on how these assessments are constructing CE as an object of governance through demarcating and categorizing this emerging field of inquiry, and how this contributes to normalizing and institutionalizing CE research (and CE research communities). Scrutinizing the distinct nature and political implications of de facto governance, particularly of novel and speculative technological trajectories not yet subject to formal steering, remains a key task for governance scholars.     

矿山地质环境保护与治理恢复技术探究

矿业工程运作过程中对于矿山环境的影响是必然存在的问题,在环境保护的同时,编写有效的恢复治理方案也是在开展资源获取过程中最为重要的内容,针对这一方面所采用的技术必须达到相关的环保要求,以保证在开采后对于矿藏周边地区的环境不会造成永久性的破坏,而且在实际保护恢复的过程中,需要结合具体环境进行方案制定,保障矿山周边地质环境及自然环境能够得到恢复。     

环境检测对环境治理的促进意义与价值分析

近年来,我国生态环境问题日益凸显,为我国社会经济的和谐繁荣发展带来严重影响。我国政府部门十分重视环境污染问题,并将环境治理作为政府工作的重要内容。环境监测工作是开展环境治理的重要保障和基础,因此只有不断提升环境监测技术水平才能推动我国环境治理工作的科学高效开展。本文就环境监测对环境治理的促进意义及价值进行全面探讨和分析,希望为相关领域从业者提供必要的参考和帮助。     

环境检测对环境治理的促进性探讨

近年来,我国国民经济发展势头良好,社会各行业也都有了较快的发展,尤其是我国的工业发展取得了瞩目的成绩。但是随之而来的就是环境污染问题日益严重,为了确保我国经济的可持续性发展,就必须要对环境污染问题进行治理。环境污染问题治理的前提和基础就是要进行环境监测,从而为环境治理提供依据。不过环境检测具有多种类型,环境检测对于环境质量的促进性也需要进行深入的分析才能够提高环境治理的最终效果。对此,本文就对环境检测进行了概述,介绍了环境检测类型,进而分析了环境检测对环境治理的促进性,希望可以给相关的从业人员一些借鉴。     

城市河道生态治理与环境修复

城市在不断发展的过程中会面临越来越多的外来人口,虽然可以促进城市经济迅速发展,但同时也对城市的生态环境造成严重的破坏。城市河道是生态环境的重要组成部分,城市河道可以有效防止城市发生内涝,为城市的发展保驾护航。近几年来,城市河道遭到的污染日益严重,其生态系统面临许多问题,为了完善城市河道的功能,就要对其生态系统进行修复,使其更好地发挥出作用。     

快速城镇化进程中农村生态治理

我国不断加快城镇化的步伐,但在这过程中,农村的生态污染越来越严重,但是往往政府主要将着眼点放在城镇生态环境的建设,对农村生态治理重视不足,因此本文对此展开研究,分析目前农村生态治理面临的形式,探讨生态治理中有哪些问题,并提出相应的解决对策。     

基于综合灾害风险防范模式的台风灾害防御效益评价研究初探

以综合灾害风险防范模式作为理论基础,从中国气象防灾减灾工作机制的特点出发,结合当前的社会学和经济学研究方法,构建包含气象服务水平评价、灾害防御行为评价的防灾减灾综合效益评价指标体系,涵盖从前期预报预警,到后期灾害应对的3个一级指标,8个二级指标和17个三级指标;并基于社会学调查的技术方法,实时跟踪2017-2018年登...     

Governance via persuasion: environmental NGOs and the social licence to operate

The ‘social licence to operate’ (SLO) concept is increasingly associated with environmental activism in nations with prominent resource extractive industries. Environmental non-governmental organisations (ENGOs) deploy it as a campaigning strategy to contest corporate activity, in particular, the environmental sustainability of existing or planned commercial projects. Drawing on two prominent Australian ENGO campaigns – against Seafish Tasmania’s Abel Tasman vessel and Tassal’s proposed fish farm operations on Tasmania’s east coast – the SLO strategy is assessed in the context of the governance literature, arguing that it constitutes ‘governance via persuasion’, a mode that incorporates appeals to normative values. Australian SLO campaigns are primarily directed at the state, promoting opportunities for ENGOs to shape reviews and revisions to environmental regulation alongside governmental and corporate actors. SLO campaigns are therefore a contemporary expression of environmental strategies seeking regulatory change in contrast to ENGO-led private governance initiatives that often bypass the state.