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61.
重庆市巴县,长寿县水稻和小麦的重金属污染 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
重庆市巴县和长寿县的部分水稻和小麦已经受到重金属汞、镉、铅的污染,污染程度长寿县〉巴县,小麦〉水稻,铅〉汞〉镉。污染的主要原因是环境污染所造砀 ,尤其是重化工业所在场镇附近污染特别显著,汞和铅污染有加重趋势,镉污染有所减轻,提出了对策建议。 相似文献
62.
63.
Hui Wang Song Guo Zhijun Wu Kai Qiao Rongzhi Tang Ying Yu Weizhao Xu Wenfei Zhu Liwu Zeng Xiaofeng Huang Lingyan He Mattias Hallquist 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(4):249-258
Herein, we use an oxidation flow reactor, Gothenburg: Potential Aerosol Mass (Go: PAM) reactor, to investigate the secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from wheat straw burning. Biomass burning emissions are exposed to high concentrations of hydroxyl radicals (OH) to simulate processes equivalent to atmospheric oxidation of 0-2.55 days. Primary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were investigated, and particles were measured before and after the Go: PAM reactor. The influence of water content (i.e. 5% and 11%) in wheat straw was also explored. Two burning stages, the flaming stage, and non-flaming stages, were identified. Primary particle emission factors (EFs) at a water content of 11% (∼3.89 g/kg-fuel) are significantly higher than those at a water content of 5% (∼2.26 g/kg-fuel) during the flaming stage. However, the water content showed no significant influence at the non-flaming stage. EFs of aromatics at a non-flaming stage (321.8±46.2 mg/kg-fuel) are larger than that at a flaming stage (130.9±37.1 mg/kg-fuel). The OA enhancement ratios increased with the increase in OH exposure at first and decreased with the additional increment of OH exposure. The maximum OA enhancement ratio is ∼12 during the non-flaming stages, which is much higher than ∼ 1.7 during the flaming stages. The mass spectrum of the primary wheat burning organic aerosols closely resembles that of resolved biomass burning organic aerosols (BBOA) based on measurements in ambient air. Our results show that large gap (∼60%-90%) still remains to estimate biomass burning SOA if only the oxidation of VOCs were included. 相似文献
64.
Yun He Jianyong Liu Chengyuan Shen Xuewen Yi Xiaowei Li Xin Huang Kokyo Oh Guoji Ding 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(4):43
65.
Abstract An experimental study has been made of both the steady‐state and the transient‐phase (presteady‐state) kinetics of the hydrolyses of several saturated aliphatic esters of p‐nitrophenol catalyzed by wheat germ lipase. The analysis of the presteady‐state part revealed two transients indicating that lipase‐catalyzed reactions proceed via a two‐intermediate mechanism suggested for other esterases. The possibility of more than one species of the enzyme engaged in catalytic activity is discussed and a reaction mechanism scheme is proposed accordingly. 相似文献
66.
KHULULIWE MASHININI MICHAEL F. DUTTON 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(3):285-296
This investigation was undertaken to survey the fungal and mycotoxin contamination of South African wheat ranging from that growing in the field to processed wheat products. Samples of wheat were taken from various growing areas in South Africa and screened for fungi and mycotoxins, using a range of methodologies, including chromatography, immunoaffinity/fluorimetry, and cytotoxicity testing. Similar samples were taken from supermarkets and retail outlets in South Africa and analyzed in a similar manner. The result showed that a range of fungi and mycotoxins could be detected in wheat in all these sample types. The major fungal contaminants were Fusarium spp. and their attendant mycotoxins, in particular deoxynivalenol, which is in keeping with the observations made in the rest of the world. An interesting observation was that samples of wheat taken from the field with heavy Fusarium contamination were contaminated with fumonisin B1, which is not normally associated with this crop. Of more concern were the low but persistent levels of mycotoxins and fungi in wheat-based products sold directly to the public. 相似文献