Cosmic exergy based ecological assessment for a wetland in Beijing

Wetlands research and restoration has become one of the critical concern due to their importance in providing ecosystem services. This study proposes a holistic methodology to assess the wetland ecosystem based on cosmic exergy as a thermodynamic orientor. This new approach is applied to two typical wastewater treatment facilities (an activated sludge system and a cyclic activated sludge system) and to a constructed wetland ecosystem in Beijing for comparison. Results show that the Beijing wetland ecosystem gains positive net present ecological value of 3.08E+14 J_c regarding its total life cycle. Comparison with the activated sludge system and cyclic activated sludge system, shows that the wetland ecosystem has greater dependencies on local resources (22% vs. 0% vs. 0%) and renewable resources (67% vs. 38% vs. 31%) as well as a larger ecological sustainability index (0.64157 vs. 0.00005 vs. 0.00008). This implies that the wetland ecosystem is more environmentally friendly and sustainable method for water treatment.     

Sustained dynamic transience in a Lotka-Volterra competition model system for grassland species

Theoretical approaches, such as the Lotka-Volterra framework, enable predictions about long term species coexistence based on stability criteria, but generally assume temporal constancy of system equations and parameters. In real world systems, temporal variability may interfere with the attainment of stable states. Managed grassland ecosystems in Northwestern Europe experience structural periodic fluctuations in environmental conditions: the seasons. In addition, periodic disturbances such as cutting are very common. Here we show, using a Lotka-Volterra system applied to grassland species with empirically derived parameters, that seasonal variability can result in a time dependent equilibrium and redirection of displacement processes.Parameter estimates differed between species and - in most cases - between the seasons. As a result, five of the fifteen tested species combinations had different outcomes of species interactions between seasons. This indicates that systems remain in dynamic transience over the year as the equilibrium changes and the species composition of the system follows the equilibrium without ever attaining it. The non-attainment of the steady state enables coexistence of species even if there is competitive exclusion in one of the seasons. For three of the fifteen species combinations, cutting frequency affected the long-term coexistence patterns. Cutting resets the biomass of competing species and favours during regrowth those species that have a high growth rate, which can alter species coexistence in comparison to a Lotka-Volterra model without cutting. The Lotka-Volterra framework with seasonally changing empirical parameters predicts coexistence as a possible outcome of systems that in component seasons are characterised by exclusion, and vice versa.     

楠溪江风景区生态旅游的开发与管理

近年,楠溪江风景名胜区在旅游发展过程中出现了自然景观被破坏、环境污染严重、古建筑特色被削弱等问题.我们必须在突出当地特色的情况下,保护好生态资源,制定科学合理的开发规划,加强对生态旅游容量、旅游企业、旅游者等一系列科学的管理,以实现楠溪江风景名胜区的可持续发展.     

Cacao in Eastern Guatemala––a sacred tree with ecological significance

Since at least 600 BC, cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) has occupied a place of cultural importance in Mesoamerica. In many Maya groups its importance as a ritual food plant is second only to maize (Zea mays L.). The Ch’orti’ Maya and their culturally non-indigenous Ladino neighbours in Eastern Guatemala continue to use cacao for culinary and ceremonial purposes. Of particular importance are cacao uses in Ch’orti’ rain ceremonies, which are strongly connected to local environmental knowledge. The protection of cacao as a sacred tree may help to limit slash-and-burn maize agriculture to sustainable levels.     

从经济效益和生态效益来探索城市土地利用的合理模式

从土地资源的经济和生态特性入手，结合我国土地利用的现状。分析了土地利用的经济效益和生态效益，探讨了既符合市场经济规律、又符合城市可持续发展的土地利用模式。     

从理念探索到规划实践——关于“泉城”可持续发展规划的研究与思考

济南历史上是典型的“山水”城市 ,再现泉城特色 ,把济南建设成为“最适宜创业和最适宜居住”的现代化“山水生态城” ,实现城市的可持续发展。要科学把握现代城市发展的生态化、人文化趋势 ,顺时应势 ,发挥得天独厚的自然、人文优势 ,重建山水空间     

Prospects for Conserving and Restoring the Properties and Ecological Functions of Arable Soils

Changes in the properties and ecological functions of soils under the effect of farming are considered. Evidence is provided that optimization of the structure of land inventory with regard to environmental conditions in a concrete region is a promising approach to the conservation and restoration of disturbed and degraded soils. A classification of soils with respect to their arability is proposed as a theoretical basis for reorganizing agricultural land use.     

The ECOINFORM Information Retrieval System

The general concept, structure, and methods of implementation of the ECOINFORM information retrieval system (IRS) (http://ecoinf.uran.ru/) are described using the Urals and western Siberia as model regions. The IRS is aimed at ensuring effective access to the latest information in various fields of theoretical and applied ecology, overcoming the informational isolation of research centers and state reserves in remote regions, coordinating and intensifying joint ecological studies, and integrating the fundamental science and higher-education institutions.     

海域环境影响对比分析在铁矿石港竣工环保验收中的应用

通过对马迹山矿石中转港扩建工程竣工环境保护验收阶段在码头前沿区、锚地、航道和对照点处,海水水质、海洋表层沉积物、海洋生物的监测调查数据,进行与环评时期的阶段对比和各监测点之间的区域对比评价,分析工程竣工后对周边海洋生态环境的影响。以对比分析结果为基础,判断工程是否具备竣工环保验收条件。