Prenatal diagnosis of alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency by fetal blood sampling

Fetal blood sampling for the diagnosis of alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency using protein isoelectric focusing was carried out in the period 1980–1985. The results of 25 cases from 18 mothers are reported. All had a previous history of a PiZ child affected by liver disease. The method was found to be technically satisfactory and the fetal results were subsequently confirmed in all 18 cases where follow-up was possible. The fetus was found to be PiZ in nine cases and all these pregnancies were terminated. Of the remaining pregnancies three cases aborted or were delivered prematurely and 13 proceeded to term without complications.     

First trimester prenatal diagnosis of Sanfilippo disease (MPSIII) type B

Two pregnancies of a family at risk for Sanfilippo disease type B were monitored in the first trimester. In one case an affected fetus was diagnosed on chorionic villi by the assay of N-acetyl-a-D -glucosaminidase and confirmed on cultured fibroblasts from the aborted fetus. Pathological findings are also reported and compared with changes observed later in life. The disease was excluded in the second pregnancy.     

Early invasive prenatal diagnosis in HBsAg-positive women

From 1982 to 1989, pregnant women in two large city hospitals in The Netherlands had serum samples screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Infants of mothers found to be HBsAg-positive received hepatitis B immune globulin immediately after birth and hepatitis B vaccine in the first year of life. Blood samples of infants were regularly tested for HBsAg and antibodies directed against HBsAg. A retrospective analysis of the pregnancy outcome in HBsAg-positive women who had invasive tests for prenatal diagnosis was carried out to determine whether amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling (CVS) are risk factors for the intrauterine transmission of the hepatitis B virus. Amniocentesis was carried out in 17 HBsAg-positive women and CVS in one case. Only two women were HBsAg- and HBeAg-positive. Prenatal diagnosis led to the termination of pregnancy for fetal chromosome abnormality in three cases. The remaining 15 pregnancies were uneventful; all infants were negative for HBsAg and developed an active immune response to the vaccine. These data suggest that amniocentesis in HBsAg-positive women constitutes a low risk for the intrauterine transmission of the hepatitis B virus, but definite conclusions in HBeAg-positive women cannot be drawn.     

溢油指示物(指标)的HPLC-FLD-GM(1,1)研究

通过对油种、风化和HPLC-FLD实验条件的模糊最大矩阵元评价,确定表征溢油指示物(指标)的HPLC-FLD-GM(1,1)的建模数据信息点.结果表明,溢油风化GM(1,1)模式的预测精度较高,可用于溢油风化预测研究.     

Screening maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels and human parvovirus antibodies

The association between gestational infection with human parvovirus (B19) and fetal loss has increased interest in this virus and demand for diagnostic testing. However, serological assays for B19 are not yet widely available. Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) testing is commonly used during the second trimester to screen for various fetal defects. We attempted to determine whether an elevated level of MSAFP would be an appropriate indication for B19-specific tests. Over a 26-month period, MSAFP tests were performed at Michigan State University for 21 392 women. Sera remaining after that testing were stored frozen. Of these, 22 case samples—from women with MSAFP levels greater than 3·0 multiples of the median (MOM) and pregnancies that ended in fetal loss—and 44 matched control samples—from women with MSAFP levels greater than 0·4 and less than 2·2 MOM and live births at term—were tested for B19 antibodies. None of the 66 samples was IgM positive, while 33 (50 per cent) were IgG positive. The presence of IgG was not significantly associated with case or control status (matched odds ratio=0·77, 95 per cent confidence interval 0·28–2·11). These findings are consistent with other studies indicating prior infection in approximately half of adults and suggest that elevated screening MSAFP levels, in the absence of other evidence of B19 infection, should not prompt B19-specific testing.     

阳宗海中光合细菌对活性艳红X-3B脱色的研究

从高原湖泊阳宗海中分离筛选出功能优秀的6株光合细菌，用海藻酸钠进行包埋。探讨了其自然细胞和固定化细胞在不同时间、不同温度、不同pH、不同菌体数量和不同染料浓度条件下对活性艳红X-3B的脱色效果。实验结果表明，2种细胞的最佳脱色时间为24h，最佳温度为25～45℃，最适pH为6～9，在最佳脱色条件下固定化细胞的脱色能力比自然细胞显著。     

用聚合氯化铝处理新型助剂PNS生产废水

提出了一种以药剂混凝的化学方法对新型染料助剂ＰＮＳ生产废水处理工艺。通过试验对其可靠性，可行性进行了验证，得到了在此工艺条件下处理效果，主要污染指标ＣＯＤｃｒ。色度，ＢＯＤ５，去除率均达９０％以上，特别是对悬浮物去除更彻底。此试验为解决ＰＮＳ这一新型染料助剂生产及使用，对其造成污染的控制，为进一步扩大生产及大规模使用提供了环境影响评价的依据，及污染物控制的方法。     

A new RFLP marker,SP282, at the btk locus for genetic analysis in X-linked agammaglobulinaemia families

X-linked agammaglobulinaemia is an inherited recessive disease in which the primary defect lies in the failure of pre-B cells to develop into mature circulating B cells, due to a defective B-cell cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase (btk). For this study we introduced a new RFLP marker, SP282, which is tightly linked to the XLA locus. In conjunction with the marker DXS178, SP282 was used to identify a carrier female and predict her male offspring to be normal. Subsequently the fetus was shown to have a normal number of circulating B cells, and at 2·5 years of age, the non-affected phenotype of the child was confirmed.     

3种偶氮染料厌氧生物降解性能的试验研究

酸性媒介黄GG ,酸性媒介黑T ,派拉丁兰RRN在厌氧条件下通过还原脱氮发生生物降解 .本文研究在葡萄糖作为共代谢基质时酸性媒介黄GG ,酸性媒介黑T ,派拉丁兰RRN的降解情况 .试验结果表明 :在厌氧微生物的作用下酸性媒介黄GG ,酸性媒介黑T ,派拉丁兰RRN还原氮氮双键效果较好 ,酸性媒介黄GG厌氧降解动力学方程符合一级动力学方程 .酸性媒介黑T ,派拉丁兰RRN的厌氧降解都符合零级动力学方程 .其反应速率常数K分别为 0 0 4 99h-1,0 2 6 5 2mg·(h·L) -1和0 2 2 38mg·(h·L) -1;半衰期分别为 13 8h ,35h和 34h ,在同样条件下酸性媒介黄GG降解最快 ,酸性媒介黑T次之 ,派拉丁兰RRN较慢     

TiO2固定相体系光催化降解活性艳红X-3B的动力学研究

以活性艳红x-3B为例，研究了多相光催化氧化反应中有关反应速度的动力学规律，并着重研究了有机物初始浓度、光照强度、pH值对反应级数的影响；得出了固定相体系的反应动力学规律符合时下普遍接受的L—H方程的结论。