合肥台测震CTS-1系统处理软件

主要介绍了地震数据断记报警软件及其相关地震数据分类处理软件,此软件一方面保证了地震监测数据的连续性,另一方面使科研人员查询地震事件波形,迅速快捷,并可对典型地震事件和震相特征进行查看,提高对一些特殊地震震相的识别,从而也提高了地震的分析水平.     

掺Ni^2＋的TiO2颗粒光催化性能的研究

通过溶胶．凝胶法制备掺杂Ni^2＋的纳米TiO2，并用XRD和TEM进行了表征，发现Ni^2＋的掺杂减小了TiO2颗粒的粒径，Ni2＋／TiO2晶型为锐钛型。通过对目标物罗丹明B的光催化降解实验，发现Ni^2＋的掺杂提高了TiO2的光催化活性，其降解罗丹明B的反应遵从一级反应动力学方程，Ni^2＋惨杂量为1．2％时的光催化活性最高。     

Lipophilicity and Metabolic Route Prediction of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids * (6 pp)

- Aims and Background. Ionic liquid application in industry will offer several excellent solutions, but it also means that they will enter the environment sooner or later. Responsible product design should always take into consideration not only technological demands, but also the risks arising out of possible toxicity and ecotoxicity. In our strategy we are aiming to understand the fate of these entities through their life cycle in the environment as a complimentary element of their design. This paper presents results on the lipophilicity of selected imidazolium ionic liquids, a parameter that plays a key role in environmental and biological distribution. Additionally, the prediction of the most stable metabolite of a 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (BMIM) cation – a congener representative of this group of compounds is presented. Materials and Methods Lipophilicity was evaluated by means of reversed phase and immobilized artificial membrane chromatography and further compared to calculated data. Theoretical prediction of lipophilicity was undertaken using fragmental methodology combined with manual calculations of the geometric bond factor for quaternary ammonium and the electronic bond factor due to the presence of a charge. Results and Discussion All the substances studied are characterized by very low partition coefficients, and lipophilicity varies linearly with elongation of the n-alkyl chain. Prediction of metabolic routes was based solely on thermodynamic data of the radical intermediates formed during the reaction with the cytochrome P450 system. The energetically most stable radical structure is generated by hydrogen abstraction from the gamma position of the BMIM cation. Conclusions and Recommendations. The experimentally measured and theoretically estimated lipophilicity coefficients obtained for all the compounds studied generally indicate a relatively low lipophilicity and thus preferable partition to the aqueous phase. By means of thermodynamic data, it was also confirmed that the energetically most stable radical structure is generated by hydrogen abstraction from the gamma position on the alkyl chain in the 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, as a result of which the C1 atom is preferentially oxidized. - * The basis of this peer-reviewed paper is a presentation at the 9th FECS Conference on 'Chemistry and Environment', 29 August to 1 September 2004, Bordeaux, France.     

Bioassay zur Bestimmung von TCDD-Toxizit?ts?quivalenten (TEQ) von Umweltproben und Reststoffen

Zusammenfassung  Polychlorierte aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe (PHAK), z.B. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlordibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), weisen eine Vielzahl von toxischen Wirkungen und biologischen Effekten auf. Die Substanzklasse der PHAK besitzt die Eigenschaft der Bindung an ein cytosolisches Rezeptor-Protein, gefolgt von der Synthese bestimmter Genprodukte, u.a. von Cytochrom P450 1A1 (CYP 1A1). In dieser Arbeit wird ein Bioassay beschrieben, der erlaubt, die Induktion von CYP 1A1 als Summenparameter für die biologische Wirksamkeit der kritischen, halogenierten Verbindungen in komplexen Umweltmatrizes zu bestimmen. Zur Abtrennung von Substanzen aus den Extrakten von Umweltproben (z. B. Naturstoffe und polyzyklische aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe), die den Bioassay st?ren k?nnen, wurde ein Ein-S?ulen-Clean-up entwickelt. Die biologisch ermittelten TEQ-Werte stimmen gut mit den Resultaten der chemischen Analytik überein. Der Bioassay in Kombination mit dem Clean-up bietet eine zeitsparende und kostengünstige M?glichkeit zur Untersuchung von Umweltproben.      

一体式A/O摇动床工艺处理石化废水

针对国内许多石油化工废水处理工艺中氨氮降解效果差的问题,采用新型Biofringe填料设计一体式A/O摇动床工艺,对反应器的操作参数和去除效果进行了试验.结果表明:水力停留时间对氨氮去除负荷的影响较大,在水力停留时间为20.8 h,回流比为3.5时,COD的去除率可以达到90%以上,NH3-N的去除率可以达到95%以上,TN的去除率可以达到70%以上.通过一年多的小试,反应器具有动力消耗低,抗冲击能力强,操作稳定等特点,为进一步在石油化工废水处理中的应用提供了实验依据.     

UV／Fenton法处理酸性红B研究

采用UV／Fenton高级氧化技术对酸性红B模拟废水进行处理，当进水浓度为400mg／L时，确定了各影响因素的最佳投加量：H2O2投加量为2mL／L，Fe^2＋投加量为0．08g／L，最佳pH值为4；并采用一级动力学公式对酸性红B降解速率进行拟合，研究了反应条件对速率常数的影响。最后通过对单独UV法、单独Fenton法和UV／Fenton法3种处理方法效果的比较，发现UV与Fenton试剂具有协同作用。     

用HL离心萃取器处理含对硝基酚废水的研究

溶剂萃取法是目前回收处理含高浓度对硝基酚废水的有效方法。选用QH-1为萃取剂，采用HL离心萃取器对含对硝基酚废水的处理进行了实验研究。实验结果表明，对于对硝基酚硝酸溶液-QH-1体系，对硝基酚的分配比是1103．4，用Φ20mmHL离心萃取器处理对硝基酚废水时，在合适的操作条件下，单级传质级效率E和三级串联萃取率ρ都可达99％以上，三级串联的反萃率也可达98％以上。     

UV/Fenton法处理酸性红B研究

采用UV/Fenton高级氧化技术对酸性红B模拟废水进行处理,当进水浓度为400mg/L时,确定了各影响因素的最佳投加量:H2O2投加量为2 mL/L,Fe2 投加量为0.08g/L,最佳pH值为4;并采用一级动力学公式对酸性红B降解速率进行拟合,研究了反应条件对速率常数的影响.最后通过对单独UV法、单独Fenton法和UV/Fenton法3种处理方法效果的比较,发现UV与Fenton试剂具有协同作用.