微气泡曝气生物膜反应器同步硝化反硝化研究

同步硝化反硝化(SND)是废水处理中的新型生物脱氮工艺,和传统生物脱氮工艺相比具有显著的应用优势.本研究采用微气泡曝气固定床生物膜反应器,研究了SND过程中污染物去除效果并检测了生物膜功能菌群的变化情况.结果表明,在微气泡曝气固定床生物膜反应器内可以实现同步硝化反硝化,通过提高进水COD负荷和C∶N比,降低溶解氧(DO)浓度,同时增加填料床层孔隙率,可以改善SND效果.当进水COD负荷和总氮(TN)负荷为0.86 kg·(m3·d)-1和0.10 kg·(m3·d)-1,且填料床层孔隙率为81%时,COD和TN的去除率分别为97.6%和70.2%,实现了COD和TN的同步高效去除;同时,微气泡曝气对氧传质的强化作用使得氧利用率高达91.8%.此外,生物膜活性和硝化及反硝化功能菌群的变化,与反应器COD、氨氮和TN去除能力的变化基本一致.     

我国电子垃圾回收存在的问题与解决途径

介绍了我国电子垃圾回收利用存在的问题与现状、国外可供借鉴的经验,以及电子垃圾分类情况,最后提出我国电子垃圾再生利用的产业化发展方向。     

Optimal site selection for fluting paper mill from agricultural wastes in Golestan Province,Iran

Today, the issue of site selection for industrial units in developing countries which are poor in wood resources is considered as a vital matter and it is one of the key measures in the process of building industrial and giving service units. In every country there are some provinces and states which are more useful than other parts owing to primary infrastructures and facilities for industrialisation. As one of the suitable provinces of Iran, thanks to its lignocelluloses resources with 1,822,696 tons of exploitable waste, Golestan Province has a very good potential for building lignocelluloses products mills, such as fluting paper. For this end, in 2010, effective indices in fluting paper mill establishment were recognised in Golestan Province. Results showed that materials and products were the most important main indices and the preparation cost of raw materials was the most important sub-index. Finally, questionnaires were prepared for the best site selection and choices were evaluated according to the structure of interests and costs. The results of calculations performed through analytical hierarchy processes and in Expert Choice Software indicated that Gonbad City had the highest interest/cost ratio, and therefore, it is the best place for the establishment of floating paper mills from agricultural wastes in Golestan Province.     

三峡地区农业经济监测原理与方法研究

提出了经济系统抟动监测原理,认为受扰动Ｘ作用的系统Ｓ的特征指标（监测指标）Ｏ的变化量△Ｏ分为由系统Ｓ自身发展引起的变化量△Ｏ和由扰动Ｘ的作用引起的变化量△Ｏｘ,即△Ｏ＝△Ｏ＋△Ｏｘ,监测的目的是考察由扰动Ｘ引起的指标Ｏ的变化量△Ｏｘ,提出了建立经济系统监测指标体系。针对５项原则和三峡地区农业经济指标体系。针对不同系统特点和扰动特性,提出８种监测方法。以对三峡库区秭归县水田坝乡眩坝区域柑桔产业开发对     

黄土高原半干旱区雨水利用与可持续农业发展研究

黄土高原半干旱区是一个特定的生态类型和重要的农业区域 ,严重的水土流失和频繁的干旱是该区农业可持续发展的主要制约因素。本文在分析雨水利用可行性的基础上 ,提出了农业发展的有效模式———集水型生态农业 ,它不仅适应于当地的雨水等自然资源条件 ,更适应生产力发展水平 ,易于在农户水平上推广 ,并且具有显著的经济、生态和社会效益 ,是实现该区农业可持续发展的战略性举措 ,同时也为“退耕还林 (草 )”开发战略的实施提供了一个思路     

环己酮生产中皂化废碱液的中和处理与综合利用

介绍了利用废酸中和环己酮生产中排出的皂化废碱液以获得 Na2 SO4 和皂油的技术路线及工艺条件 ,简述了综合利用过程中存在的设备腐蚀和二次污染问题及解决途径。     

我国农作物秸秆综合利用概况

农作物秸秆是一种宝贵的生物质资源，但是长期以来由于传统的观念和条件的限制，综合利用程度不高。随着石化资源的日趋枯竭和环境问题的日益突出，以及人们对可持续发展、保护环境和循环经济的追求，农作物秸秆的资源化利用日益成为农业、能源、建材、化工等领域的聚焦点，各种综合利用技术不断被开发并投入产业化。     

湖北省荒山荒地资源开发利用的原则和方向

荒山荒地是我省农业的重要后备，本文将主要探讨这部分资源的开发利用及其原则和方向，为发展农业寻求新的途径与措施。     

The impacts of warfare and armed conflict on land systems

ABSTRACT

Land-use decisions can change abruptly in response to shocks, and warfare and armed conflicts are among the most drastic and globally frequent shocks. Yet, our understanding of where armed conflict affects land systems, how land-use patterns are impacted, and how far-reaching and persistent these changes are, is partial. We used a spatially detailed dataset on armed conflict and a literature review to explore these questions. A number of key insights emerged from our study: (1) warfare and armed conflict affect land systems mainly in more densely populated areas, regardless of the dominating land use; (2) warfare and armed conflict can impact land systems in major ways, but these effects are diverse and not unidirectional; (3) warfare and armed conflict primarily affects land systems locally, but can forge telecouplings; and (4) although the impact of warfare and armed conflict is often immediate, it can instigate long-lasting land-use legacies.     

珠三角地区城市土地集约利用评价研究

通过采用熵值法确定城市土地集约利用评价指标体系中各个指标的权重,进而评价珠三角地区各个城市土地集约利用程度。利用ARCGIS软件分析各市土地集约利用之间的空间差异与联系,为各市差别化土地利用规划设计与管理提供科学依据。研究发现:(1)珠三角城市土地集约利用程度总体水平不高,区域空间差异较大,呈现出区域聚集的特征,且珠三角核心区域集约度较高,外围集约度较低;(2)根据土地集约利用度的区域差异,可将株洲三角洲九个城市分为调整优化区、重点发展区和适度发展区。