对淮安市盐化工循环经济发展的探析

主要对江苏淮安盐化工循环经济发展的现状，发展的必要性、可行性及可操作性进行了分析研究，并对加快淮安盐化工循环经济发展提出了几点建议。     

焦化厂生化出水电解脱色工艺及其机理的初步研究

针对焦化废水经萃取（蒸氨）脱酚和生化处理后的出水水质的特点，研究用铝板作为电极电解该废水的脱色效果，研究了废水pH、电解槽电压、时间等因素对其色度去除率的影响。结果表明，最佳工艺参数为：pH=4、电解槽电压=10V、时间=30min，此时色度去除率可达93．6％，COD的去除率也可以达到61．78％。采用GC—MS分析了电解前后废水中的有机物成分，探讨了形成高色度水质的原因、有机物的去除及脱色机理。     

Strontium isotope constraints on the seasonal variation of the provenance of base cations in rain water at Kawakami, Central Japan

The ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios in monthly precipitation in the forested basin at Kawakami, central Japan, varied seasonally from 0.709 to 0.711 in spring to as low as 0.7062 ± 0.0004 in autumn over nine years from 1987 to 1995. The seasonal variation can be explained in terms of the mixing of three sources of Sr: sea salt (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr 0.70917), soluble eolian minerals originating from deserts in continental Asia ( 0.711), and biogenic materials growing on soils derived from the volcanic rock substrates in the vicinity ( 0.706). It is estimated that the contribution of sea-salt Sr into the Kawakami rain Sr is relatively constant (10 ± 5%) and that more than half of the Sr is of biogenic origin throughout the year except during spring rains when 50% of the Sr is due to the dissolution of Ca-minerals from Asian dusts. The dominant contribution of eolian components to spring rains is consistent with the high concentration of ³H, which is typical of air masses from Asia.     

COS,CS2 and SO2 in aluminium smelter exhaust

Measurements of carbonyl sulfide (COS) and carbondisulfide (CS₂) were carried out on samples drawn from a smoke stack of an aluminium smelter. Volume mixing ratios of 6 ppm COS and 0.1 ppm CS₂ were measured for gases from the electrolysis unit that had previously passed an Al₂O₃ fluid bed reactor and electrostatic precipitators. Specific emissions of 1.6 kg COS and 0.03 kg CS₂ per ton of primary aluminium were found. Extrapolating from this particular smelter’s conditions to a world mix specific COS emissions of about 4 kg/t(Al) are calculated resulting in emissions of annually 0.08 Tg COS into the atmosphere due to electrolytic aluminium production in 1995. Besides the photochemical conversion of anthropogenic CS₂ aluminium production is established to be the second major industrial source of COS probably exceeding automotive tire wear’s and coal combustion’s contributions.     

混凝剂聚合氯化铝与硫酸铝在水处理中的实验研究

通过实验,对比聚合氯化铝与硫酸铝两种混凝剂在相同条件下的混凝效果,认为聚合氯化铝耗药量少,最佳投药量为15mg/l时,浑浊度为2.2NTU,只需硫酸铝的1/3就可达到最佳混凝效果,沉淀效果比硫酸铝好,特别适用于pH低和浑浊度较高的水源水。     

盐雾加速腐蚀试验相对于石家庄大气环境试验的加速倍率研究

以45钢、A3钢、炮钢、20钢为金属试样,研究它们在中性盐雾加速试验及石家庄大气环境暴露试验中腐蚀失重与时间的变化规律。试验结果表明,两种试验方法具有较好的相关性和重现性,盐雾加速腐蚀试验相对于石家庄2002-2003全年大气环境试验的加速倍率约为30。     

生活污水处理后出水作杂用水的工艺研究

主要介绍采用铁盐射流曝气生物接触氧化 双层滤料滤池相串联的工艺，对住宅小区生活污水进行回用处理的实验。考察了气水比、原水水质、ＦｅＣｌ３投加量等对处理效果的影响，得出了最佳运行效果的参数     

双季铵盐对两种赤潮藻的去除研究

研究了双季铵盐对球形棕囊藻和塔玛亚历山大藻两种赤潮生物的杀灭和控制作用。结果表明,双季铵盐能有效地控制和杀灭球形棕囊藻和塔玛亚历山大藻,其中对球形棕囊藻96h有效浓度为0.8mg·L-1,对塔玛亚历山大藻有效浓度为0.4mg·L-1。双季铵盐具有高效、作用时效长的特点,是一种较理想的赤潮藻去除剂。     

西南酸雨地区土壤中铝溶出规律的探讨

本文介绍了实验室动态模拟结果,对西南地区酸性沉降引起的土壤铝淋溶过程予以探讨。通过计算机推算拟合,提出了预测土壤中铝淋溶容量计算法。运用正交实验法,研究了近似于天然的动态过程中影响铝淋溶的主要因素及各因素间的相关性。得到了当降雨pH<6.0时,酸性土或弱酸性土中铝溶量和时间呈指数关系,以及影响铝溶出因素主要是酸雨的pH值、土壤的缓冲能力和环境温度等结论。     

黄河口典型潮沟土壤碳氮分布特征规律

为探究黄河三角洲盐沼土壤碳氮含量在潮沟水系中的时空分布特征,选取黄河口一条典型的潮沟系统,采集一、二、三级潮沟表层土壤,探寻土壤有机碳、总氮与土壤容重、盐度、pH等理化因子的相关关系。结果表明：土壤有机碳和总氮在时空尺度上表现出极大的异质性特征。时间尺度上,土壤有机碳和总氮出现先上升后下降的趋势。空间尺度上,一级潮沟土壤有机碳和总氮平均值（2.9 g·kg^-1、0.36 g·kg^-1）大于二级（1.4 g·kg^-1、0.18 g·kg^-1）、三级（1.6 g·kg^-1、0.21 g·kg^-1）潮沟。相关分析表明,土壤有机碳和总氮与盐度呈显著正相关（P<0.01）,与容重呈显著负相关（P<0.01）。盐沼湿地土壤碳氮含量受土壤水盐条件的影响,而潮沟水系的树状结构对水盐条件的影响是导致土壤碳氮含量时空差异分布的重要因素。