试析我国湿地的退化、保护与恢复

湿地是地球表层最具独特的生态系统和过渡性景观,是地球表层系统最重要的"物种基因库",又是人类重要的经济、文化、科学和生活资料库.世界保护大纲将湿地与森林、海洋一起并列为全球三大生态系统.20世纪70年代以来,全球性的湿地消失和退化危机引发了严重的生态环境和社会问题,直接威胁到区域、国家乃至全球的可持续发展.本文从湿地的界定开始,分析了我国湿地的退化、保护与恢复,相信在我国政府和人民的共同努力下,我国湿地一定会恢复往日的景象.     

湿式氨法工艺在火电厂脱硫领域的潜在优势及应用前景分析

通过与目前火电厂应用最广泛的脱硫方法石灰石／石膏法比较,提出了湿式氨法脱硫工艺在成本投入低、环境污染小及社会经济效益好三方面的潜在优势．并分析了该法在我国火电厂烟气脱硫领域的应用前景。     

Towards an agile participatory urban soundscape planning framework

This paper presents an agile participatory urban soundscape planning process model, which is proposed as a prerequisite on which to build and reference the efficacy of urban soundscape planning. The model was developed through data synthesis and analysis and mapping engagement with diverse stakeholders across four applied soundscape projects in Brighton and Hove, UK. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the model is the first of its kind in applied soundscape practice. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders and document analysis of published resources. The framework used for the analysis of the findings comprised four core urban planning stages: goals and objectives, engagement (e.g. prediction/modelling/design/planning), implications, evaluation. The study found that when integrating soundscape planning with core urban planning stages it was necessary to first identify the appropriate stakeholders in relation to the project context. It was found that these stakeholders could be wide-ranging and unexpected, thereby reinforcing the appropriateness of incorporating an agile approach in the resulting model. The study also found that users’ perceptions are central to soundscape practice and need to be considered at each stage of a planning process to produce an effective and sustainable outcome. A variety of specific events, appropriate to the requirements of the stakeholders, are important for engaging planning authorities, users and other stakeholders at different stages. This study also demonstrated that an evidence-based evaluation method is recommended in an agile participatory urban soundscape planning process to assess stakeholders’ engagement at each stage and to inform and guide subsequent steps in the planning process relevant to the local context(s).     

项目教学法在高职环境监测实践教学中的应用

“项目教学法”是一种以学生为中心的新型教学模式,在高职教育中应用广泛。从项目选取、项目实施、项目总结与评价以及考核方案设计等方面出发,结合教育实践,探讨了项目教学法在高职《环境监测》课程实践教学环节的应用,并对其实施效果进行了简要分析和总结。     

金融危机下我国废钢供求回顾与展望

国际金融危机对我国废钢市场影响巨大,市场需求萎缩,价格急剧下跌。总结回顾了2008年我国废钢市场回收、消费概况及其主要特点,并对2009年我国废钢回收量、价格走向以及再生资源增值税政策的调整实施等相关问题进行分析讨论。     

污泥机械脱水技术发展现状及前景

主要介绍了污泥机械脱水技术的应用现状及近些年发展起来的新型污泥机械脱水技术,分析了城镇污水处理、石油石化、电镀及造纸行业所产生的污泥特性及主要处理方法。在此基础上,根据国家的相关政策以及未来的污泥处理处置需求,对污泥机械脱水技术的未来发展前景进行了分析,并对技术改进提出了建议。     

New microbial electrosynthesis system for methane production from carbon dioxide coupled with oxidation of sulfide to sulfate

Microbial electrosynthesis system (MES) is a promising method that can use carbon dioxide, which is a greenhouse gas, to produce methane which acts as an energy source, without using organic substances. However, this bioelectrical reduction reaction can proceed at a certain high applied voltage when coupled with water oxidation in the anode coated with metallic catalyst. When coupled with the oxidation of HS^– to SO₄²⁻, methane production is thermodynamically more feasible, thus implying its production at a considerably lower applied voltage. In this study, we demonstrated the possibility of electrotrophic methane production coupled with HS^– oxidation in a cost-effective bioanode chamber in the MES without organic substrates at a low applied voltage of 0.2 V. In addition, microbial community analyses of biomass enriched in the bioanode and biocathode were used to reveal the most probable pathway for methane production from HS^– oxidation. In the bioanode, electroautotrophic SO₄²⁻ production accompanied with electron donation to the electrode is performed mainly by the following two steps: first, incomplete sulfide oxidation to sulfur cycle intermediates (SCI) is performed; then the produced SCI are disproportionated to HS^– and SO₄²⁻. In the biocathode, methane is produced mainly via H₂ and acetate by electron-accepting syntrophic bacteria, homoacetogens, and acetoclastic archaea. Here, a new eco-friendly MES with biological H₂S removal is established.     

采煤塌陷区重金属污染水体修复技术探讨及展望——以唐山市南湖公园为例

以唐山南湖公园为例综述了采煤塌陷区水体重金属污染的来源、危害及修复技术,详细介绍植物修复技术,总结了采煤塌陷区重金属污染水体修复技术的发展趋势和方向.     

本科应用型人才培养目标及培养规格的创新研究

本文分析了我国高等教育的类型及其特点,从适应社会需要、工程应用、理论与实践相结合、应用能力培养、服务面向等五个方面论述了本科应用型人才培养的特征,对应用型人才的培养目标定位进行了探索,从知识、能力、素质等三个方面研究了应用型人才的培养规格.     

地浸采铀技术与工艺

地浸采铀是世界上十分先进的采矿技术，其基本原理是对可地浸砂岩型铀矿按一定网度布置工艺钻孔，从注液注孔入地浸液，使地浸液与铀进行充分反应，经铀液孔提出地表，在地表工厂进行萃取铀的过程，地浸法分为酸法和碱法两种，地浸采铀能使低品位砂岩型铀矿成为有工业价值的矿床，由于对环境污染小，已被世界大多数国家广泛采用。但是并非所有的砂岩铀矿都能地浸，只有符合地浸地质-水文评价指标的砂岩铀矿才能地浸。地浸工艺包括钻孔的布置、浸液的配制、地下水的复原和环境保护等方面。我国的地浸采铀于20世纪70年代开始探索，90年代中期开展了大规模的地浸砂岩铀找矿与开采工作，并取得了突破性进展，新疆512矿床是就是利用地浸技术评价与开采的我国第一座大型地浸铀矿山。