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Leakage diagnosis of hydrocarbon pipelines can prevent environmental and financial losses. This work proposes a novel method that not only detects the occurrence of a leakage fault, but also suggests its location and severity. The OLGA software is employed to provide the pipeline inlet pressure and outlet flow rates as the training data for the Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) system. The FDI system is comprised of a Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network (MLPNN) classifier with various feature extraction methods including the statistical techniques, wavelet transform, and a fusion of both methods. Once different leakage scenarios are considered and the preprocessing methods are done, the proposed FDI system is applied to a 20-km pipeline in southern Iran (Goldkari-Binak pipeline) and a promising severity and location detectability (a correct classification rate of 92%) and a low False Alarm Rate (FAR) were achieved. 相似文献
164.
What role does an ego's brokerage location—within a team (intra‐team) or outside the team (inter‐team)—play in the evolution of an instrumental knowledge‐seeking network in terms of both proximal (i.e., within the team) and distal (i.e., outside the team) tie formation and tie decay? We address this question by drawing on literature about social networks, brokerage, and teams. We use temporally separated data from 302 students embedded in 97 teams to test our hypotheses about the impacts of intra‐team and inter‐team brokerage on proximal and distal network evolution, specifically on four network changes in knowledge‐seeking networks: proximal tie formation, proximal tie decay, distal tie formation, and distal tie decay. We find that these four changes depend on individual network brokerage location even after controlling for personality and task characteristics. Specifically, inter‐team brokers change their networks both within and outside their teams, whereas intra‐team brokers curtail their network changes. We argue that these opposite effects occur because inter‐team brokers have greater autonomy than intra‐team brokers. This study adds to the ongoing dialog about network evolution in social network literature and to the conversations about brokerage and its location in the context of team‐based work. 相似文献
165.
基于BP神经网络算法的密云水库水质参数反演研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
密云水库是北京市重要的地表饮用水源地,在保障首都水源安全方面起着重要作用,而密云水库水质参数的区域监测已成为当前亟待解决的问题。为了实现密云水库水质参数大范围、实时获取,该文基于遥感和GIS技术,采用BP神经网络算法,结合地面监测数据和Landsat 8遥感影像,分别建立了反演总磷、总氮、氨氮和COD(化学需氧量)4个水质参数的BP神经网络模型,并反演了密云水库2013-2018年非结冰期主要水质参数,分析了密云水库主要水质参数的年际变化特征、季节变化特征和空间分异特征。结果表明,(1)水质参数的Landsat 8敏感波段分别为:总氮为1、4波段,氨氮为1-7波段,总磷为1、3-7波段,COD为2-5波段。(2)密云水库主要水质参数在2013-2018年总体呈下降趋势,氨氮和COD为Ⅰ类水质,总磷为Ⅱ类水质,总氮为Ⅲ类水质。(3)4个水质参数指标春季最高、秋季次之、夏季最低,总氮、总磷、氨氮和COD的春季值分别是夏季值的1.08、1.36、1.6、1.45倍。(4)密云水库不同水质参数的空间差异性较大,总体来看,水库北部和东部的4个水质参数含量相对较高,这种分布与北部和东部村庄密集以及密云水库两大入库河流有关。综上所述,基于BP神经网络算法的密云水库水质反演研究是可行的,且得到了较为可信的研究结果,该研究可为密云水库水质管理与政策制定提供重要的科学依据。 相似文献
166.
Summary. Individuals in an insect colony need to identify one another according to caste. Nothing is known about the sensory process
allowing nestmates to discriminate minute variations in the cuticular hydrocarbon mixture. The purpose of this study was to
attempt to model caste odors discrimination in four species of Reticulitermes termites for the first time by a non-linear mathematical approach using an "artificial neural network" (ANN). Several rounds
of testing were carried out using 1 – the whole hydrocarbon mixtures 2 – mixtures containing the hydrocarbons selected by
principal component analysis (PCA) as the most implicated in caste discrimination. Discrimination between worker and soldier
castes was tested in all four species. For two species we tested discrimination of four castes (workers, soldiers, nymphs,
neotenics). To test cuticular pattern similarity in two sibling species (R. santonensis and R. flavipes), we performed two experiments using one species for training and the other for query. Using whole hydrocarbons mixtures,
worker/soldier discrimination was always successful in all species. Network performance decreased with the number of hydrocarbons
used as inputs. Four-caste discrimination was less successful. In the experiment with the sibling species, the ANN was able
to distinguish soldiers but not workers. The results of this study suggest that non-linear mathematical analysis is a good
tool for classification of castes based on cuticular hydrocarbon mixture. In addition this study confirms that hydrocarbon
mixtures observed are real chemical entities and constitute a true chemical signature or odor. Whole mixtures are not always
necessary for discrimination.
Received 23 July 1998; accepted 9 October 1998. 相似文献
167.
The model of spatial distribution of main forest soil groups in Croatia was developed as a function of basic pedogenetic factors: lithological substratum, macroclimate and relief. Used data about soil group, lithological substratum, terrain slope and aspect were collected on 1881 soil profiles. Macroclimatic data were estimated for each soil profile by spatial interpolation between meteorological stations. Feedforward neural networks were used as modelling tool. The final model has total classification correctness of 63.5% for training data set and 62.3% for independent test data set. The best result (86.4%) was achieved for fluvisols which are strongly spatially correlated with alluvial sediment in a flood plains. The worst result was achieved for luvisol (14.2%) which mainly comprised very old soils, probably developed under pedogenetic factors different from actual. The model was applied on entire Croatian territory aiming at construction of potential spatial distribution of main forest soils (without human impact), which was compared by the potential spatial distribution of major forest types modelled independently. 相似文献
168.
孙鸿良 《生态与农村环境学报》2004,20(2):68-71
针对宁夏农牧业发展结构失衡的现状,指出长期推行重农轻牧的农区模式而不是发展草地农业是一种方向性失误。为此探讨了宁夏农牧业结构调整的生态学依据,分区调整方向与拓宽结构调整思路的问题。 相似文献
169.
170.
美人蕉人工湿地对城市生活污水的净化研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
研究了在土壤、黄沙、粉煤灰3种基质不同组合中的美人蕉人工湿地对城市生活污水的净化效率,并探讨了流量对城市生活污水中各污染物去除效率的影响。研究结果表明:流量对美人蕉系统处理污水效果的影响较大,实验中3L/d流量处理效果较好,对污水的综合净化效率较高;基质装填顺序对TP、TN的去除率有一定影响,而对NH3-N的去除影响不大。美人蕉系统对生活污水中COD、NH3-N、TN、TP和浊度去除效果都较好,对NH3-N的去除率高达99%,美人蕉人工湿地对城市生活污水的净化能力强。 相似文献