EMC用V型人工电源网络的解析

本文分别对理想和实用的V型人工电源网络的阻抗(模和相位角)、隔离度进行计算和分析,并将其与某公司生产的ENV216型人工电源网络的测试参数进行比较,验证了ENV216型人工电源网络是完全符合标准要求的,加深了对电源端传导发射测试的理解。     

Solubility of ion and trace metals from stabilized sewage sludge by fly ash and alkaline mine tailing

Stabilized sewage sludge （SS） by fly ash （FA） and alkaline mine tailing as artificial soil, to be applied on the ecological rehabilitation at mining junkyards, offers a potentially viable utilization of the industrial by-product, as well as solves the shortage of soil resource in the mine area. An incubation experiment with different ratios of SS and FA was conducted to evaluate the solubility of ions and trace elements from stabilized sewage sludge. Results showed that fly ash offset a decrease in pH value of sewage sludge. The pH of （C） treatment （FA：SS = 1：1） was stable and tended to neutrality. The SO4^2- and Cl^- concentrations of the solution in the mixture were significantly decreased in the stabilized sewage sludge by alkaline fly ash and mine tailing, compared to the single SS treatment. Stabilized sewage sludge by FA weakened the nitrification of total nitrogen from SS when the proportion of FA in the mixture was more than 50%. The Cr, Ni, and Cu concentrations in the solution were gradually decreased and achieved a stable level after 22 days, for all treatments over the duration of the incubation. Moreover stabilized sewage sludge by fly ash and/or mine tailing notably decreased the trace metal solubility. The final Cr, Cu, and Ni concentrations in the solution for all mixtures of treatments were lower than 2.5, 15, and 50 μg/L, respectively.     

Spatial-temporal analysis of wetland landscape pattern under the influence of artificial dykes in the Yellow River delta

The influence of anthropogenic activities,especially artificial dykes,on the coastal wetland landscape is now considered as a serious problem to the coastal ecosystem.It is important and necessary to analyze changes of coastal landscape pattern under the influence of artificial dykes for the protection and management of coastal wetland.Our study aimed to reveal the quantitative characteristics of the coastal wetland landscape and its spatial-temporal dynamics under the influence of artificial dykes in the Yellow River delta(YRD).It was analyzed by the methods of the statistical analysis of landscape structure,five selected landscape indices and the changes of spatial centroids of three typical wetland types,including reed marshes,tidal fiats and aquaculture-salt fields.The results showed that:(1)Reduction of wetland area,especially the degradation of natural wetlands,had been the principal problem since the dykes were constructed in the YRD.The dykes created conditions for the development of artificial wetlands.However,the new born artificial wetlands were still less than the vanished natural wetlands.(2)Compared with the open area,the building of artificial dykes significantly speeded up the changes of landscape patterns and the aggravation of the landscape fragmentation in the closed area.(3)The changes of area-weighted centroids of three typical wetland landscapes were greatly affected by dykes,and the movement of the centroid of the aquaculture-salt field was very sensitive to the dykes constructed in the corresponding period.     

台州市酸雨污染现状及其对策分析

通过对近十年来的酸雨监测资料的收集分析,结合同期台州市大气环境中二氧化硫和氮氧化物的监测数据,采用秩相关系数法,对酸雨污染趋势和成因进行分析和讨论,并提出针对性措施,以期为台州市以及类似地区的大气污染、酸雨污染等防治工作提供政策参考。     

京津冀“以电代煤”替代大气污染物排放清单

本研究建立了基于人工神经网络的民用散煤燃用量估算模型,得到了京津冀地区“以电代煤”替代民用散煤大气污染物排放清单.结果表明：截止到2018年,京津冀地区“以电代煤”替代散煤用户约259万户,每年可减少散煤燃烧约706.6万t,减少PM_2.5、NO_x、SO₂的排放量分别约为2.81,0.76,2.17万t.其中,北京市和天津市实施效果较为明显,占京津冀地区“以电代煤”散煤替代总量的62.01%和22.82%.基于调研数据得到京津冀各市燃煤量月分布系数,1月份分布系数最大,燃煤量占比为27%~40%.     

模拟酸雨对土壤修复中重金属淋溶特征及土壤持水能力的影响

以磷酸二氢钾（PDP）钝化后的重金属污染土壤为研究对象,通过室内土柱淋溶和土壤吸水实验,考察pH为3.1、4.6和5.1的模拟酸雨对污染土壤修复过程中重金属淋溶特征及土壤持水能力的影响。实验结果表明：PDP处理显著增加了淋出液的pH、电导率、TOC和正磷酸盐态磷（ZP）含量,在淋溶初期显著降低了淋出液的Cu、Cd和Pb含量,但在淋溶后期增大了Pb含量;土壤持水量与电导率、pH、TOC和ZP含量呈现极显著负相关性;土壤修复过程中,有机质的淋失、盐分含量及pH的增大可引起土壤持水能力的减弱。     

典型酸雨地区森林土壤中不同形态铝的分析

对2个典型酸雨地区森林土壤样品中不同形态的铝进行了检测,结果表明:两地土壤中无定形铝和有机结合铝占主导地位,弱有机结合铝和可交换铝的含量相对较低(约为10%).有机配位体会减弱铝的交换能力,而且这些有机铝配合物大部分是强有机结合态铝;Al3+对其他碱基阳离子有较强的置换能力.土壤的酸度增大,可交换铝和弱有机结合铝的含量增高,不同土层中可交换铝和弱有机结合铝的垂直变化与相应的pH变化相一致.用复合草酸铵法提取无定形和有机态铝的方法机理尚待进一步研究.      

四川省酸雨污染现状及趋势分析

本文从酸雨成因入手,根据全省降水监测数据等资料,对四川省酸雨污染现状及变化趋势进行分析,结果表明：我省酸雨法污染面积广、频率高;酸度强,近五年,酸雨频率有下降趋势,但降水酸度无明显减弱,酸雨污染形势依然严峻;降水组份中,硫酸根离子和硝酸根离子比值逐年下降,说明大气污染特征已由煤烟型转为煤烟型与机动车尾气混合型。     

建筑火灾中值得深入研究的几个问题

提出了一些建筑火灾中值得进一步研究的,流动、传热、热解、燃烧、污染物生成等方面的基础问题。着重讨论了烟气扩散、流动中的混沌现象,提出了建立建筑火灾数据库、专家系统的设想,和建立非线性燃烧模型、开发智能型火灾自动报警系统的技术思路。     

辽宁云水资源分布特征及开发潜力分析

我国淡水资源短缺,人口增长、经济发展与水资源短缺的矛盾日益加剧,已严重影响着我国部分地区经济和社会持续健康发展。人工增雨、开发空中云水资源是缓解水资源短缺的一个重要途径。文章利用辽宁省气象台站网的常规探空、云和降水的观测资料,计算、分析了辽宁云水资源的分布状况及开发潜力,结果显示全省云水资源总量年均为4.83×10¹¹m³,具有较多的作业机会和较大的人工增雨潜力,开发云水资源大有可为。