直接固相微萃取气相色谱-质谱法测定辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚

建立了直接固相微萃取与气相色谱-质谱联用技术测定污水中辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OPEO_n)低聚物的方法.在最优实验条件下,测定辛基酚(OP)、辛基酚二乙氧醚(OPEO_2)、辛基酚三乙氧醚(OPEO_3)、辛基酚四乙氧醚(OPEO_4)、辛基酚五乙氧醚(OPEO_5)的线性范围分别为10～100,10-1 000,10～500,10～1 000,10～1 000 ng/L;检出限分别为10.4,7.7,8.1,9.0,8.5 ng/L;回收率为78.4%～114.0%,相对标准偏差小于10.4%.以正二十烷为内标,测定污水处理厂出水中的OPEO_n,实验结果表明,OPEO_2质量浓度高且变化范围较大,为133～2 412 ng/L.     

介绍一种原子吸收光谱法空心阴极灯的替代用法

用原子吸收光谱法测定Mn、Zn、Cu金属元素的常规监测中,需频繁更换Mn灯、Zn灯和Cu灯等空心阴极灯,耗时费力,增加了时间成本。文章介绍了一种新方法,用Mn灯、Zn灯两种空心阴极灯可作为Cu灯空心阴极灯使用。在实际操作中减少了更换灯的频次和预热次数,使测试工作变得经济而省时,降低了监测成本,提高了工作效率,是一项值得推广的方法改进。     

Triclosan in Fresh Water Fish Gibelion Catla from the Kaveri River,India, and Its Consumption Risk Assessment

Triclosan is a common antimicrobial agent that is found in significant levels in the aquatic environment and may elicit effects on aquatic organisms through unexpected modes of action. In this study, triclosan was quantified in fish from the Kaveri River, India, by using the gas chromatography and mass spectrometry technique and it was found in the range of 0.73–50 ng/g wet weight (ww). The mean bioaccumulation factor based on water (BAF_w 820) and sediment (BAF_s 2.12) in the Kaveri River showed that triclosan is accumulative in fish, and reflects its feeding behavior. The bioaccumulation indicates triclosan's persistence or prevalence throughout the river stretch. Human risk assessment through dietary intake demonstrated that the triclosan exposure is five orders of magnitude lower than the acceptable daily intake (50 μg/kg bw) and US EPA reference dose (300 μg/kg bw/day). This investigation is the first to report the bioaccumulation of triclosan in freshwater fish from India. Further, the results indicate that this fish acts as a biomarker of exposure for triclosan and thus shall be used to report triclosan pollution in the future.     

HCO3^—对不同水稻品种Zn吸收运输的影响

应用营养液培养的方法,研究了不同Zn浓度下,HCO3^-对缺Zn敏感和耐性水稻品种生长及Zn吸收运输的影响。结果表明,在低Zn浓度下,HCO3^-明显抑制敏感品种根的生长,但对耐性品种根生长有轻微的促进作用;HCO3^-降低缺Zn敏感品种对Zn的吸收及Zn从根向地上部的运输,而对耐性品种影响较小,HCO3^-抑制缺Zn敏感品种生长并诱导缺Zn的最初作用可能是抑制根的生长,进而影响Zn的吸收和运输。     

3种水生蔬菜对稀土元素钷的吸收与富集

应用放射性核素示踪技术 ,研究了 3种水生蔬菜 (慈姑、荸荠和水芹菜 )对稀土元素钷 (14 7Pm)的吸收与富集。结果表明 :(1 ) 3种水生蔬菜对14 7Pm均有较强的吸收与富集能力。其中 ,水芹菜随生长时间的延长 ,吸收14 7Pm的量明显增加 ,50、80、1 1 0d时全样的吸收系数分别为 0 98± 0 1 9、0 92± 0 3 8和 1 1 4± 0 1 8;(2 ) 3种蔬菜的食用器官 (水芹菜的主茎 ,慈姑和荸荠的球茎 )对14 7Pm具有明显的富集性 ,吸收系数分别为 1 2 9± 0 2 8、2 0 9± 0 0 3和 1 55± 0 55     

Solid phase extraction of gold(III) on Amberlite XAD-2000 prior to its flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination

A solid phase extraction method for the determination of gold(III) at trace levels by flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS) was developed. The method was based on retention of gold as chloro complexes through the Amberlite XAD-2000. The effect of some analytical parameters including hydrochloric acid concentration, sample volume, sample and eluent flow rates, eluent volume, eluent concentration and interfering ions on the recovery of gold(III) was investigated. The retention of gold(III) from 1.5 mol l⁻¹ HCl solution and the recovery of gold with 0.07 mol l⁻¹ NH₃ solution were quantitative (≥95%). The relative standard deviation (RSD) was calculated as 3.2% (n = 10). The detection limit for gold was 2 μg l⁻¹. The accuracy was checked with the determination of gold spiked an artificial seawater and a pure copper samples.     

Plant Uptake/Bioavailability of Heavy Metals from the Contaminated Soil after Treatment with Humus Soil and Hydroxyapatite

Cellulose nitrate membrane filter was used for the preconcentration-separation of Cu, Co, Cd, Pb and Cr ions. The analyte ions were collected on the membrane filter by the aid of carmine. Then membrane filter was dissolved by using nitric acid. The levels of the analytes in the final solutions were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The analytical parameters including pH, amounts of carmine, sample volumes etc. have been optimized. No influences have been observed from the matrix ions. The detection limits for analytes were in the range of 0.08 μg/l-0.93 μg/l. The validation of the procedure was checked by the analysis of standard reference sediment (GBW 07309). The present method has been successfully applied for the FAAS determinations of analyte ions in real samples including black tea and magnesium salts.     

全二维气相色谱/飞行时间质谱联用监测环境空气中VOCs

采用全采样系统-全二维气相色谱/飞行时间质谱联用技术监测环境空气中的VOCs,优化了调制周期、升温程序、进样体积等分析条件.39种目标化合物在0 μg/m3～10.0 μg/m3范围内线性良好,检出限范围为0.03 μg/m3～0.09 μg/m3,标准气体平行测定的RSD为1.1％ ～5.3％.应用于化工园区环境空气样品测定,与热脱附-气相色谱/质谱法相比,目标物的分离效果更佳.     

搅拌棒萃取-热脱附/气质联用法测定水中2-MIB和土臭素

采用搅拌棒萃取-热脱附/气质联用法测定水中2-甲基异莰醇和土臭素,优化了搅拌棒萃取和热脱附进样的条件。试验表明：两种目标化合物在1．00 ng/L～200 ng/L范围内线性良好,2-甲基异莰醇的相关系数为0．9993,土臭素的相关系数为0．9997,方法检出限分别为0．31 ng/L和0．15 ng/L;空白和实际样品的加标回收率为82．4％～116％,测定结果的RSD＜10％。     

金膜吸附-冷原子吸收光谱法测定空气中的汞

采用新型金膜吸附-冷原子吸收光谱法测定空气中的汞,在0μg/L～100μg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数为0．9991。方法检出限为1．6 ng/m3,RSD为0．5％～2．7％,测定两种不同浓度的汞标准样品,相对误差为6．1％和3．2％。与两种现行国标方法（巯基棉富集和高锰酸钾溶液吸附法）比较,该方法所需试剂种类少,操作简便、吸附效率好,加标回收率高。