超高速活性污泥法的试验研究

吸附活性污泥法是一种高效率的污水处理方法，曝气池停留时间约４０ｍｉｎ、ＣＯＤ、ＢＯＤ５和ＳＳ的去除率可达到６０－７０％。本文以试验结果为基础，探讨了停留时间，污泥浓度，污泥回流比和污浓度对处理效果的影响，也探讨了该方法对氮，磷的去除效果。     

原子吸收光谱仪的背景校正

介绍了原子吸收光谱仪的５种主要的背景校正技术（邻近谱线技术，连续光源法，塞曼法，自吸法及连续光源单色器波长调节法ＣＥＷＭ）及其主要产品，分析评述了各种校正技术的原理，特点及其应用状况。     

人工养殖与野生扬子鳄卵中重金属含量分析

以原子吸收分光光度法，测定了人工养殖与野生的扬子鳄卵中Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb等重金属元素的含量，并对上述4种元素的分布状况和差异性进行了探讨。实验表明，人工繁殖卵中重金属元素含量高于野生卵，人工饲养过程中所提供的饮水和饲料中重金属元素含量高于自然界，值得关注和重视。     

在原子吸收分光光度计上测定汞

利用原子吸收分光光度计上的燃烧头稍改进原子化和气路就可测定汞。该法具有灵敏度高,精密度和准确度均较好,操作简单,基本上自动化等优点。     

雨水中微量过氧化氢的间接原子吸收测定

通过过氧化氢与重铬酸钾的定量反应，用原子吸收测铬的方法达到测定过氧化氢的目的。试验表明，该法用于雨水中微量过氧化氢的测定，试验令人满意，且操作方便。     

Leaf area development, dry weight accumulation and solar energy conversion efficiencies of Phaseolus vulgaris L. under different soil moisture levels near Nairobi, Kenya

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＫｅｎｙａ○ｓｈｉｇｈｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｇｒｏｗｔｈｒａｔｅｈａｓｃｒｅａｔｅｄｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅｏｎｔｈｅｈｉｇｈｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌａｒｅａｓ．Ｔｈｉｓｈａｓｒｅｓｕｌｔｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｍｉｇｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆｐｅｏｐｌｅｔｏｕｎｃｕｌｔｉｖａｔｅｄ“ｍａｒｇｉｎａｌ”ｌａｎｄｓｗｈｉｃｈｍａｋｅｕｐａｂｏｕｔ８０％ｏｆｔｈｅｃｏｕｎｔｒｙａｎｄａｒｅｐｒｅｄｏｍｉｎａｎｔｌｙｏｆｌｏｗａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｉｔｙ（Ｈｏｒｎｅｔｚ，１９９０）．Ｔｈｅｓｅ…     

ICP光谱分析环境样品光谱干扰

编制了专门用于按照国际法定计量组织文件规定作环境样品ICP光谱分析时校正光谱干扰的程序.校正程序共7套,分别用于各种光谱仪的带宽条件,按微机屏幕上中文人机对话,输入实验数据即可完成干扰校正.     

Zinc and lead sequestration in an impacted wetland system

The fate and bioavailability of pollutant metals is important to the long-term health of freshwater wetland systems, particularly in areas with elevated background levels of trace metals. Precipitation of some authigenic mineral phases in wetland sediments can potentially limit metal bioavailability through sequestration in low-solubility compounds, such as metal sulfides. Zinc and Pb concentrations were analyzed in water, plant and sediment samples taken from a metal-contaminated wetland in Chicago, IL, USA in order to assess metal fate and bioavailability, while X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) studies were conducted to determine zinc speciation in the wetland sediments. The results showed sequestration of metal into the pond sediments, most likely in iron precipitate phases. In surface sediments, re-release of Zn and Pb into pore waters was correlated with microbial iron reduction, while the presence of sulfide in anoxic pore waters corresponded to decreased dissolved concentrations of both elements. Analysis of extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data confirmed that sulfide compounds dominated zinc speciation throughout the sediment. Uptake of trace metals in Phragmites plants was limited primarily to plant roots, while concentrations of both Pb and Zn in aquatic vegetation were significantly elevated, representing a potential bioaccumulation hazard.     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定样品中的砷

石墨矿原子吸收分光光度法测定样品中的砷含量具有简便、快速、试剂用量少、样品直接测定等优点,精密度1.8%,检出限0.003,均优于其他分析方法.     

高比表面积活性炭(HSAAC)对水中镉(Ⅱ)吸附性能的研究

以石油焦基为原料,采用KOH活化法制取高比表面积活性炭.考察了高比表面积活性炭吸附水中Cd(Ⅱ)时,pH值、Cd(Ⅱ)浓度、吸附时间和活性炭用量等因素对Cd(Ⅱ)吸附量和水中Cd(Ⅱ)残余浓度的影响.实验结果表明高比表面积活性炭在适宜条件下对Cd(Ⅱ)具有较大的吸附量和良好的再生效果.为HSAAC在废水中的实际应用提供了理论依据.