The acceptance of personal protective equipment among Hong Kong construction workers: An integration of technology acceptance model and theory of planned behavior with risk perception and safety climate

Introduction: The phenomenon that construction workers do not use personal protective equipment (PPE) is a major reason for the high occurrence frequency of accidents in the construction industry. However, little efforts have been made to quantitatively examine the factors influencing construction workers’ acceptance of PPE. Method: In the current study, a PPE acceptance model for construction workers (PAMCW) was proposed to address the noted need. The PAMCW incorporates the technology acceptance model, theory of planned behavior, risk perception, and safety climate for explaining construction worker acceptance of PPE. 413 construction workers participated in this study to fill out a structured questionnaire. The PAMCW was analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: Results provide evidence of the applicability of the technology acceptance model and theory of planned behavior to the PPE acceptance among construction workers. The positive influence of safety climate and risk perception-severity on attitude toward using PPE was significant. Safety climate positively influences perceived usefulness. Risk perception-worry and unsafe was found to positively affect intention to use PPE. Practical Applications: Practical suggestions for increasing construction workers’ use of PPE are also discussed.     

PAN dust explosion inhibition mechanisms of NaHCO3 and Al(OH)3

We investigate the PAN dust explosion inhibition behaviors of NaHCO₃ and Al(OH)₃ in a 20 L spherical explosion system and a transparent pipe explosion propagation test system. The results show that, in the standard 20 L spherical explosion system, the highest PAN dust explosion concentration is 500 g/m³, the maximum explosion pressure is 0.661 MPa, and the maximum explosion pressure increase rate is 31.64 MPa/s; adding 50% NaHCO₃ and 60% Al(OH)₃ can totally inhibit PAN dust explosion. In the DN0.15 m transparent pipe explosion propagation test system, for 500 g/m³ PAN dust, the initial explosion flame velocity is 102 m/s, the initial pressure is 0.46 MPa, and the initial temperature is 967 °C; adding 60% NaHCO₃ and 70% Al(OH)₃ can totally inhibit PAN dust explosion flames. Through FTIR and TG analyses, we obtain the explosion products and pyrolysis patterns of the explosion products of PAN dust, NaHCO₃, and Al(OH)₃. On this basis, we also summarize the PAN dust explosion inhibition mechanisms of NaHCO₃ and Al(OH)₃.     

领导风格与员工安全行为关系的元分析*

为更好地比较不同领导风格对员工安全行为的影响,采用元分析方法,基于34篇独立实证研究的15 032个样本,对常见的领导风格与员工安全行为关系进行定量分析。结果表明:对于安全遵守,相关系数从低到高分别为伦理型领导、变革型领导、领导-成员交换以及交易型领导;对于安全参与,相关系数从低到高分别为伦理型领导、变革型领导、交易型领导、领导-成员交换;年龄、经济发展水平、行业以及研究设计调节了领导风格与员工安全行为之间的关系。     

种族鱼群优化支持向量机序列理论监测尾矿坝

为监测预警尾矿坝的变形位移,提出基于结构风险最小化理论的支持向量机进行学习预测。通过采集有效数据,对时间序列数据进行归一化序列处理,然后采取种族鱼群选择向量机参数,对处理后的数据进行支持向量机回归预测。将该理论应用到某尾矿坝监测系统,得到了较为准确的预测结果,表明该理论充分利用了数据的统计特性,精度和泛化能力都得到了明显提高,可作为尾矿坝监测系统的有效指导。     

行为实验视角下煤矿员工不安全行为路径分析

面对煤矿事故频发现状,立足矿井安全实际生产困难,深入探索矿工不安全行为影响因素。研究表明,煤矿安全事故中,员工不安全行为是导致事故发生的主要原因。通过建立实验平台模拟煤矿员工工作现场,比较不同文化程度的矿工不安全行为发生率以及安全文化教育后矿工不安全行为发生率趋势。对比发现,文化程度越高的员工的不安全行为发生次数不一定越低,且安全文化教育的刺激作用具有保质期。     

胶合竹材单面受火炭化及温度场试验研究

格鲁班(Glubam)胶合竹材作为一种新型建筑材料,研究其耐火性能并与木材进行比较,对胶合竹材单板及杉木单板分别进行了恒温及ISO 834标准升温条件下的单面受火试验,测得了其炭化速率及不同受火条件下试件内部的温度-时间变化曲线。结果表明,胶合竹材的炭化速率低于杉木,其炭化规律与木材相似,即在受火初期炭化层厚度增加较快,炭化速率较大,随时间延长炭化速率逐渐降低,且受火温度越高,材料的炭化速率越大,同时试验测得在标准火灾条件下,胶合竹材受火20 min的平均炭化速率为0.64 mm/min。此外,通过温度场数据的分析比较发现,胶合竹材的传热速率明显低于杉木,其具有优于杉木的隔热性能,且能够满足相关规范对建筑构件隔热性能的要求。     

You think you are big fish in a small pond? Perceived overqualification,goal orientations,and proactivity at work

Overqualification denotes situations in which job incumbents have higher qualifications than those required for the job. Drawing on the self‐regulatory perspective, we proposed that employees' perception of overqualification positively affects their proactive behavior through the mechanism of role‐breadth self‐efficacy and that this indirect effect is moderated by employees' goal orientations. We tested our hypotheses through two studies. In Study 1, we found that perceived overqualification had a positive indirect effect on employees' proactive behavior through role‐breadth self‐efficacy using a sample of 323 salespeople with a cross‐lagged panel design. In Study 2, the multi‐wave and multi‐source data from 302 teachers confirmed the indirect effect and indicated that performance goal orientation and learning goal orientation moderated the indirect relationship. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

包头市企业环境行为信用评价指标体系研究

企业环境行为信用评价是一种符合国情的先进的环境管理手段,是对当前环境管理制度的重要补充和完善.为了强化政府对污染源的监管,提升环保部门的环境监管力度和水平,督促企业持续改进环境行为,文章对不同尺度的指标体系进行了分析对比,结合包头市实际情况,构建了包含污染防治、环境管理、社会影响和组织管理四部分共二十五项指标的包头市企业环境行为信用评价指标体系,以期对环境管理起到检查和促进作用、前瞻和导向功能.     

力学载荷条件下 EB-PVD 热障涂层损伤行为研究

目的研究力学载荷条件下EB-PVD热障涂层的损伤行为。方法采用电子束物理气相沉积工艺(EB-PVD)制备热障涂层(TBCs),利用SEM和体式显微镜对力学性能试验后带涂层试样的断口特征、裂纹形貌和金相组织进行观察,分析热障涂层在拉伸、持久和旋转弯曲疲劳等典型力学载荷条件下的损伤行为。结果在室温拉伸条件下,陶瓷层内先出现垂直于应力轴、沿柱状晶簇扩展的平行环状周向微裂纹,随着拉伸塑变量的增加,局部区域裂纹贯穿粘结层并进入合金基体;900℃高温拉伸条件下裂纹也产生于陶瓷层,但裂纹均钝化于粘结层与陶瓷层的界面,并穿透粘结层。在持久条件下,试样在弹性变形阶段涂层即发生开裂,随后沿着陶瓷层柱状晶簇间扩展,但未扩展至粘结层;在高温高周疲劳条件下,裂纹首先出现在粘结层,随后向基体逐渐扩展,扩展深度较浅,而基体疲劳裂纹在粘结层裂纹末端萌生并倾斜滑移扩展。结论提高粘结层韧性、减少粘结层中裂纹萌生和向基体扩展,是热障涂层材料和工艺优化的有效途径。     

错流式膜-生物反应器处理生活污水及其生物学研究

用错流式膜－生物反应器（ＣｒｏｓｆｌｏｗＭｅｍｂｒａｎｅＢｉｏＲｅａｃｔｏｒ简称ＣＭＢＲ）进行处理生活污水试验并研究其生物动力学参数．结果表明：当ＨＲＴ为５ｈ,ＳＲＴ为１５ｄ,膜面流速为４ｍ／ｓ,膜通量为７５、１５０Ｌ／（ｍ２·ｈ）时,ＣＭＢＲ处理生活污水试验的去除率为：ＣＯＤ＞９７％、ＮＨ３－Ｎ＞９７％、浊度≥９８％;对ＳＳ和总Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ则达到１００％,出水水质优于建设部生活杂用水回用标准ＣＪ２５．１－８９．生物相分析表明,污泥中没有原、后生动物,只有菌胶团．推导了ＣＭＢＲ稳态运行时的生物浓度计算公式,进而求得表观产率因数Ｙｇ为０．６５,衰减常数Ｋｄ为０．１ｄ－１．