煤堆自燃原因分析与防治措施

煤氧化自燃既是重大的事故隐患 ,也降低了煤的经济价值。分析了煤堆自燃的原因 ,煤堆易发生自燃的部位 ,并提出防治措施     

发烟硫酸贮罐清洗安全技术

根据事故隐患分析 ,采取安全措施 ,成功地用中和法清洗发烟硫酸贮罐 ,并提出了贮罐的改进措施。     

一起起重机电气故障引发的钩头坠落事故剖析

某厂电炉分厂发生一起起重机钩头坠落事故。经分析 ,该事故是由电气故障引起的。提出了防范措施     

The design and implementation of sustainable plant diversity conservation program for alpine meadows and pastures

The paper describes the design and implementation of a plant biodiversity conservation program that was developed under funding and time constraints for diverse ecological, social, and institutional environments. The biodiversity program for alpine meadows and pastures located in the Swiss Canton of the Grisons is used as an example. The design of the sustainable program relied on existing legislation, accounted for limited ecological knowledge and expertise, and considered biodiversity as a common-pool resource. The trend to intensified cultivation of restricted areas required fast action, while the sustainability of the program design had to take into account institutional diversity. Fifteen habitats and plant communities worth conserving were known, and 57 plant species were identified as indicator species for establishing an inventory and for monitoring purposes. A small subset of 16 well known plant species was presented to the farming communities. They were invited to notify the areas in which they observed the presence of these plants. In different regions of the Canton a total number of 39 paraecologists were trained to inspect the areas notified by farmers and to recommend possible incorporation into the Cantonal inventory. This was done once the farmers signed a contract in which they agreed to follow adequate management practices. The farmers received subsidies to compensate for their losses. Communal authorities controlled the fertilizer input and cutting dates, while the paraecologists were trained to monitor plant biodiversity. The program started in 1992 and the initial phase of the inventory was terminated in 1996. At the beginning of 1996, an inventory of 2617.19 ha, most of which are meadows, was taken and managed according to the rules specified in the contract. The program was considered successful because (i) of the size of the area in the inventory, (ii) about 30%of the farmers participated, and (iii) farmers started cultivating previously abandoned farmland.     

Integrated measures for preservation, restoration and improvement of the environmental conditions of the Lagoon Olho d'Água basin

The Lagoon Olho d'Água in Pernambuco State, Northeast Brazil has received increasing environmental concern due to significant stress from pollution in the catchment. The existing environmental problems are the result of great pressure from a broad range of human activities, especially in the last 10 years. Serious pollution exists mainly from some industrial and urban activities, which increased intensively after the eighties. There is a strong social and economical pressure for housing and construction near the lagoon, due to the available land nearby beaches and estuarine zone, and recently by growing tourism activities. Uncontrolled land use by low-income communities and the pressure for construction by developers have led to landfilling and to deterioration of water quality in the lagoon catchment. Improvement of the environmental conditions in the catchment needs integrated measures. Guidelines and some specific actions involving several institutions have been established and refer to sanitation and urban infrastructure as the main priorities. A main target is the construction of low-cost sewage system with smaller and decentralised treatment plants.     

西部大开发中的生物多样性的保护

全球的生物物种在急剧减少,而此情景也呈现于我国的西部在,在机遇与挑战同在的西部大开发过程中如何切实效保护生物多样性,无疑已成为我们必须关注和思考的问题。本文从生物多样性的内涵、生物多样性的价值、生物多样性的丧失及保护生物多样性的必要性及对策等方面,论述笔者对预防、保护、恢复生物多样性的几点思考,但愿能引起广大社会的关注和支持。     

逆变弧焊电源电磁兼容性问题的探讨

介绍了电磁兼容的内涵及其对焊接设备的要求,分析了逆变弧焊电源电磁干扰的危害性,并对其产生机理及抑制措施进行了探讨,提出了对逆变弧焊电源电磁兼容性的系统化设计是今后的一项重要工作。     

稳定企业安监队伍遏制安监人员流失

指出了近几年全国安全生产的严峻形势与安监队伍力量削弱有关,分析了造成企业安监人员流失的原因,提出了稳定安监队伍的措施和建议.     

武钢烧结厂401转运站除尘管道堵塞的原因分析

对武钢烧结厂401转运站除尘管道经常堵塞的原因进行了理论分析和计算,计算结果与工艺要求的有关参数进行对照,找出了现有除尘管道堵塞的原因,并提出了相关的改进措施.     

矿山顶板分级管理方法初探

提出了金属矿山顶板分级管理的2种基本方法,就如何建立与完善矿山顶板分级管理制度提出了一些有益建议.