Disentangling technological innovations: a micro-econometric analysis of their determinants

On the basis of a unique firm-level dataset from the German manufacturing sector, this paper empirically examines the determinants of environmental and non-environmental product and process innovations. The micro-econometric analysis with multivariate probit models points to an extremely high relevance of R&D activities for all technological innovation types, as well as to the relevance of a few market pull factors. The estimation results additionally reveal the importance of organisational measures for environmental product and process innovations. In this regard, not only certified environmental management systems, but also specific process- and product-related environmental organisational measures and even general organisational measures, such as the certification of a quality management system according to ISO 9001, play a crucial role. The estimation results therefore suggest the encouragement of firm-internal R&D activities and organisational measures by (environmental) policy in order to stimulate environmental technological innovations, which are able to both limit the environmental burden and contribute to the technological modernisation of the economy.     

Risk quantification framework of hydride-based hydrogen storage systems for light-duty vehicles

This study aims to develop a quantitative risk assessment (QRA) framework for on-board hydrogen storage systems in light-duty fuel cell vehicles, with focus on hazards from potential vehicular collision affecting hydride-based hydrogen storage vessels. Sodium aluminum hydride (NaAlH₄) has been selected as a representative reversible hydride for hydrogen storage. Functionality of QRA framework is demonstrated by presenting a case study of a postulated vehicle collision (VC) involving the onboard hydrogen storage system. An event tree (ET) model is developed for VC as the accident initiating event. For illustrative purposes, a detailed FT model is developed for hydride dust cloud explosion as part of the accident progress. Phenomenologically-driven ET branch probabilities are estimated based on an experimental program performed for this purpose. Safety-critical basic events (BE) in the FT model are determined using conventional risk importance measures. The Latin Hypercube sampling (LHS) technique has been employed to propagate the aleatory (i.e., stochastic) and epistemic (i.e., phenomenological) uncertainties associated with the probabilistic ET and FT models. Extrapolation of the proposed QRA framework and its core risk-informed insights to other candidate on-board reversible and off-board regenerable hydrogen storage systems could provide better understanding of risk consequences and mitigation options associated with employing this hydrogen-based technology in the transportation sector.     

吉林省“十三五”期间污染物减排对策及建议

通过分析吉林省"十二五"期间总量减排取得的成效及存在的问题,提出吉林省"十三五"污染物总量控制政策及对策措施。此项研究是吉林省"十三五"规划前期研究的重要内容,对于吉林省今后的环境管理和总量控制规划的工作思路、发展方向的调整和转变,提高总量控制规划的可操作水平,促进新时期全省环境保护工作的开展方面都有借鉴意义。     

太湖流域农业面源污染防控措施研究分析

近年来,太湖流域农业面源污染占流域污染负荷的比例逐步提高,已经成为太湖流域水污染物的主要来源.阐述了流域农业面源污染的概况,从种植业、畜禽养殖业、农村生活和水产养殖4个方面分析流域农业面源污染的构成.其中,种植业污染主要是由化肥、农药和农膜的过度使用引起.接着从政策、经济和技术3个层面详细探讨了农业面源污染产生的内在机理,并在此基础上提出相应的防控措施建议.     

潜流人工湿地冬季运行的强化措施及效果分析

针对人工湿地在低温条件下处理效果较差的问题,为提高潜流人工湿地冬季运行效果。采用活性污泥挂膜和表面覆盖地膜的强化方式,开展冬季运行试验,分析试验人工湿地冬季运行经强化措施后的处理效果。结果表明,通过强化措施后,各指标平均去除效果都有较大提高,COD去除率由25%提升至49%、TN去除率由27%提升至45%、TP去除率由29%提升至51%。     

城市建筑垃圾的资源化利用

随着建设项目的增多,建筑垃圾也日益增多。本文对建筑垃圾资源化利用进行了初步分析,重点通过对建筑垃圾的分类研究,提出我国建筑垃圾资源化存在问题及建议。     

公路交通噪声防治措施

随着交通运输业的发展及公路等级的不断提高,公路交通噪声越来越引起人们的关注,因此,解决公路交通噪声污染成为一个急待解决的问题,本文论述公路交通噪声造成的危害,并有针对性地提出降低公路交通噪声防治措施。     

城市污水处理厂生物泡沫的案例分析及控制研究

通过对天津市两座污水处理厂生物泡沫的情况进行分析发现,丝状菌是形成生物泡沫的直接原因,而进水水质冲击、水温、泥龄、气水比是诱发丝状菌快速增殖的主要因素。控制措施有喷洒水等物理方法和投加药剂等化学方法,但实践证明合理调整工艺运行方式是预防和控制生物泡沫的根本手段,例如降低污泥龄、提高生物池的有机负荷率、降低曝气的空气量等方法。     

某消失模铸造厂污染防治措施要点分析研究

根据某消失模铸造企业依托相邻的炼铁厂合作建厂的实际条件,对采用宝珠砂造型后消失模铸造车间的废气和废水污染产生环节进行了分析,确定主要污染为废气污染。环评根据企业的具体情况,有针对性地对中频炉熔炼、落砂及砂处理、真空浇铸、抛丸清理等各污染环节提出了合理可行的污染防治措施,并在此基础上重点对真空浇注产生的有机废气的几种处理方法进行了分析,确定该厂将有机废气经真空泵直接引入到炼铁厂煤气电站锅炉进行燃烧处理合理可行,并能满足相应的环保要求。     

关于对黑龙江省部分地区医疗废物管理情况的调研分析研究

为解决医疗废物的污染问题,对医疗废物的收集、运输和处置情况进行了调研。利用现场视察和座谈会的形式,收集医疗废物收集、运输和处置情况的资料。提出了可行性处置措施,利于环境保护,利于医疗废物收集体系的完善和收集、处置、运行机制的合理社会配置,使医疗废物得到安全有效的处置。医疗废物应以＂就近集中处置＂的原则,交由医疗废物处置机构处置,利于地方环保部门监管,使医疗废物及时得到无害化处理。