Reclamation treatment of the chrome leather scrap

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＣｈｒｏｍｅｌｅａｔｈｅｒｓｃｒａｐｉｓｔｈｅｓｏｌｉｄ ｗａｓｔｅｏｆｌｅａｔｈｅｒｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ .Ｉｔｓｍａｉｎｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｉｓｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ(ｍａｉｎｌｙｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ ,ｇｌｏｂｕｌｉｎａｎｄａｌｂｕｍｉｎ) ,ｓｏｍｅＣｒｃｏｍｐｏｕｎｄｂｏｎｄｉｎｇｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ ,ａｌｉｔｔｌｅｃａｒｂｏｈｙｄｒａｔｅ ,ｆａｔａｎｄｓｏｍｅｉｎｏｒｇａｎｉｃｓ.Ｔｈｅｃｈｒｏｍｅｌｅａｔｈｅｒｓｃｒａｐｓｔａｃｋｅｄｗｉｌｌｐｕｔｒｉｄｇｒａ…     

玉米芯粉处理含汞废水的研究

通过模拟试验探讨了经活化后的玉米芯粉吸附汞的效果及其主要技术参数，结果表明，玉米芯粉对汞的吸附平衡时间为１００ｍｉｎ，最大吸附量为０．９８５ｍｇ／ｇ，工作吸附量（穿透点）为０．４００ｍｇ／ｇ，该吸附剂容易洗脱与再生，且使用寿命长，最佳洗脱液为０．１％的稀硝酸溶液，吸附剂使用２０次后，效果仍较好，二级吸附对泵的去除率高达９９．７５％，出水浓度为０．０２５ｍｇ／Ｌ，可以使含Ｈｇ＾２＋１０．００ｍｇ／Ｌ     

废旧干电池对泥鳅的致毒作用

以抗污染能力强的泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicadatus)为实验材料,研究了废旧干电池污染的水源对水生生物的毒害作用。结果表明,泥鳅受毒害程度与水体中废旧干电池的数量和暴露时间成正相关关系;对受毒害但未死亡的个体断尾取血,显微镜下观察血红细胞的形态、结构,发现在废旧干电池污染的水体中残存的个体,其血红细胞的变异率远远超过生活在正常水体中的个体。     

环形粉末预制坯压制规律研究

研究了环形粉末预制坯压制过程中压力和密度变化规律。通过力学分析建立了环形粉末预制坯压制力学模型,导出了6种压制方式下压制力沿预制坯高度分布规律,建立了统一的压制力分布计算公式,并计算了环形粉末预制坯下端面的最小压制力。基于黄培云粉末压制理论,导出了环形粉末预制坯相对密度沿高度分布计算公式,以及环形粉末预制坯上下端面密度的比值。     

新疆干旱地区城镇居民硒水平

本文使用新极谱法对我国乌鲁木齐市和奎屯市的居民全血样品分别为９８例和５８例进行硒含量的测定，分别为７５．０１．４４２μｇ／１和１５８．７４１．６μｇ／１．乌鲁木齐市心血管疾病患者２０例，血硒含量为７２．３１．３８２μｇ／ｌ．乌鲁木齐市和奎屯市的水样中硒含量分别为１．７１μｇ／ｌ和３．０２μｇ／ｌ．乌鲁木齐市母乳２０例，硒含量为１１．８３．７７μｇ／ｌ．     

Removal of petroleum tar from bird feathers utilizing magnetic particles

A previously reported acute temperature dependency for the effective removal of tarry residue from feather clusters, utilising magnetic particles, has also been demonstrated to occur for the plumage of whole birds, whereby a maximum removal of up to 96% may be achieved. The experimental design allows an approximate equilibrium constant, for the distribution of contaminant between the residue and the magnetic particles, to be estimated at each temperature. This allows the thermodynamics of the process to be examined via application of the van't Hoff equation, suggesting an explanation for the phenomenon.     

镉致鸡血管氧化应激与金属硫蛋白含量的变化

为探讨镉(Cd)对血管抗氧化功能及金属硫蛋白(MT)的影响,将180只50日龄健康雌性海兰鸡随机分为3组(对照组、低剂量组和高剂量组),分别饲喂含0、140、210mg·kg-1(BW)CdCl2的基础日粮,在饲养20、40、60d后采集主动脉和前腔静脉,测定其MT含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量.结果表明:1)Cd暴露后,与对照组相比,低剂量组血管MT含量显著升高(p<0.01),并随暴露时间的延长而逐渐增加;高剂量组血管MT含量显著降低(p<0.01),并随暴露时间的延长先升高后降低.2)随着Cd暴露剂量的加大,血管SOD、GSH-Px活性逐渐降低,而MDA含量逐渐升高,具有明显的剂量-效应关系.3)随着暴露时间的延长,血管SOD、GSH-Px活性逐渐降低,MDA含量逐渐升高,具有明显的时间-效应关系.4)Cd暴露下,主动脉与前腔静脉各指标具有相同的变化趋势.以上结果表明,Cd具有血管毒性,其毒作用机理可能与MT含量变化以及抗氧化功能失衡有关.     

液相色谱法测定血中巴比妥类药物

本文建立了血样中巴比妥类药物的液相色谱定性定量分析方法，该法采用Ｃ１８反相色谱柱分离，二极管矩检测器检测，能一次性将４种药物分析和鉴定，通过色谱峰的保留时间和紫外吸收光谱定性，以色谱的峰面积定量，标准曲线的直线范围在０－１０μｇ．ｍ１＾－１，相关系数在０．９９以上。血中药物经溶浏萃取，回收率在９５％以上，血中的杂质不影响药物检测。方法的最小检出浓度为１０ｎｇ．ｍ１＾－１，本法可用于临床中毒样品的分     

生长温度对盾叶薯蓣POD活性等生理特性的影响

研究了15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃和35℃五个不同温度条件下盾叶薯蓣一些生理参数的变化.结果显示,盾叶薯蓣叶片的POD活性和MDA含量的变化呈V字形,其中在25℃时处于最低点;可溶性蛋白含量的变化呈M字形,可溶糖含量的变化呈W字形.在15℃、20℃、30℃和35℃下, 5d内,随着时间的延长,MDA含量增加,POD活性、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖的含量下降;在25℃下,盾叶薯蓣的POD活性以及MDA、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖的含量变化较小,相对稳定,所以25℃是最为适宜的生长温度. 图1表1参20     

Role of NADH-dependent chromium reductases,exopolysaccharides and antioxidants by Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus PS 5 against damage induced by reactive oxygen species

ABSTRACT

Cr (VI) being used in various activities of industries and its improper treatment lead to contamination of environment. Among different methods, biological is the most efficient method to control pollution from soils affected with metals. Present study was designed to assess the role of Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus PS5 for adsorption, Cr (VI) reduction and mechanism of reduction. Sorption of chromium (VI) by strain PS5 was obtained by batch equilibrium method. Cr (VI) reduction in both free and immobilised cells were evaluated by 1,5-Diphenyl Carbazide method. The formation of biofilm by Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus PS5 was observed for colour change as well as quantified spectrophotometrically. Analysis kits were used to measure the amount of eDNA, superoxide and malondialdehyde (MDA). Metal resistant strain PS5 was characterised as P. thiaminolyticus using 16S rRNA gene sequence. Maximum biosorption of Cr (VI) by strain PS5 was found at pH 6–8 and 100–400 µgCr/mL within 24 hours of incubation. Complete reduction of Cr (VI) by strain PS5 was achieved at pH 6–8 and100–300 µg/mL Cr (VI). Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus PS5 immmobilisation on sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol facilitated complete reduction of Cr (VI) within 18 hours due to the formation of more biofilm under metal stress conditions. Strain PS5 reduced almost all Cr (VI) into Cr (III) in supernatant, most of which was immobilised by cell debris. Experiments confirmed the reduction of Cr (VI) by cytosolic cell-free extracts which is a mechanism of detoxification. The release of exopolysaccharides and antioxidants by strain PS5 played a protective role against cell damage by Cr (VI) as Cr (VI) could not release the significant amount of eDNA, superoxide and MDA. The present study proved strain PS5 to be a super bioinoculant which has great capacity for adsorption, biotransformation and can activate cytosolic reductases, exopolysaccharides and antioxidants against oxidative damage.