处理啤酒洗糟废水同时生产单细胞蛋白

用热带假丝酵母在 1.5L气升式内循环生物反应器中处理啤酒生产中的洗糟废水 ,同时生产热带假丝酵母 .探讨了 pH,温度及氮源对降解废水动力学的影响 .实验结果表明 ,用热带假丝酵母既可以有效地降解洗糟废水中的 COD,又可以产生一定数量可作单细胞蛋白的酵母 .对于含糖 0.3%左右的洗糟废水可获得约 500 mg/L(干重 )的酵母 ,并可使废水 COD降解约 80% .     

利用浑浊度推算含沙量方法的限制性与适用性研究

通过对利用浑浊度与含沙量的相关关系来推算含沙量的方法的研究,发现此方法有两个限制因子,一是泥沙粒径,二是水中盐等其他杂质。研究结果表明,浊度法对于低含沙量、粒径小的水样测量精度高。     

不同菌株固态发酵废白酒糟生产饲料蛋白的研究

选择菌种24株，以白酒糟为原料进行了单菌发酵，多菌株组合发酵，以及不同氮源发酵试验。结果表明：以F-5，F-23，F-17和F-24组成的多菌发酵体系，经4d发酵后，发酵产物粗蛋白含量达30．86％，比原料本身的粗蛋白含量高65．3％；粗纤维含量由21．14％降低到17．65％；氨基酸总量由15．16％提高到22．88％，比原料本身高50．9％，且氨基酸含量齐全。试验表明，由F-5，F-17，F-23和F-24组成的多菌种发酵体系是发酵白酒糟生产饲料蛋白的优良菌种。     

啤酒糟对活性染料的吸附特性研究

通过批式实验考察了不同条件对啤酒糟吸附活性黑31和活性蓝49的影响。结果表明：在较宽的溶液初始pH值范围内（2～9）,啤酒糟投加量为10g/L时,4h内啤酒糟能有效地对100mg／L活性黑31和300mg／L活性蓝49溶液吸附脱色。啤酒糟对活性黑31和活性蓝49的吸附率都随NaCl浓度的增加而降低。吸附率随时间的增加逐渐增大,8h内吸附基本达到平衡。染料初始浓度越高,吸附率越低。由该批式实验得到的最佳吸附脱色条件为：pH2．0,啤酒糟投加量15g／L,吸附时间8h。     

白酒糟稻壳吸附剂去除水面油污的研究

白酒糟稻壳活性炭吸附剂是一种产率高、悬浮率高、不存在二次污染、对水面油污吸附量大的良好吸附剂.该吸附剂对不同油脂吸附性能不同.本文对两种润滑油进行研究,发现吸附剂对二硫化钼润滑油的吸附容量比钙基润滑脂的大,对二硫化钼润滑油,仅10 min便达到其饱和吸油量6.26 g/g.白酒糟稻壳吸附剂吸收水蒸汽后,对二硫化钼润滑油的饱和吸油量仍为原吸油量的80%～90%.对特定油脂,白酒糟稻壳吸附剂是一种优良的亲油疏水吸附剂.研究结果为废弃物白酒糟稻壳资源化开辟了一条新途径,同时也为水面油污的去除提供了一种新方法.     

乙醇预发酵对餐厨垃圾与酒糟水解酸化和甲烷发酵的影响

为了解决餐厨垃圾与酒糟干式甲烷发酵过程易酸化问题,考察了两种乙醇预发酵方式-餐厨垃圾单独预发酵和餐厨垃圾与酒糟混合预发酵对底物水解酸化和甲烷发酵的影响,并与不进行乙醇预发酵的对照组比较.结果显示,对照组、餐厨垃圾单独预发酵组(简称“FW预发酵组”)、餐厨垃圾与酒糟混合预发酵组(简称“FW+DG预发酵组”)的甲烷总产率分别为22.8, 222.4, 231.3mL/gVS.乙醇预发酵可以促进发酵底物的水解,预发酵结束后,FW预发酵组发酵底物中的乙醇、总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)、乙酸浓度与对照组相比分别提高了4.5、1.4、4.9倍,FW+DG预发酵组则分别提高了7.8、1.6、5.9倍.另外,在甲烷发酵过程中,预发酵组的乙醇浓度显著高于对照组,而乙酸、丙酸和TVFA浓度明显低于对照组,表明乙醇预发酵使有机物更多的转化为乙醇,减少了有机酸的生成,有效缓解甲烷发酵过程中的酸积累、产甲烷受抑制等问题.     

曝气生物滤池滤料的研究进展

对曝气生物滤池滤料的最新研究成果进行了综述,并指出轻质陶粒滤料的开发是曝气生物滤池工艺在我国推广的关键。     

Radiocaesium Activity Concentrations in Wheat Grains in the Republic of Croatia for 1965–2003 and Dose Assessment

Results of systematic, long-term measurements of ¹³⁷Cs activities in wheat for the period 1965–2003 are summarized. Radiocaesum fallout activities affect wheat activity concentrations, the coefficient of correlation being 0.91. In the observed period, the highest activity of ¹³⁷Cs deposited by fallout, 6321 Bq m⁻², was recorded in 1986, i.e., in the year of Chernobyl accident, causing peak ¹³⁷Cs activity concentration in wheat of 38.0 ± 13.0 Bq kg⁻¹. After the Chernobyl nuclear accident the ¹³⁴Cs:¹³⁷Cs activity ratio in wheat was ≈0.5, and did not differ from the value found in other environmental samples. The transfer coefficient from ¹³⁷Cs fallout deposition to wheat was calculated to be 8.6 × 10⁻³ Bq y kg⁻¹ per Bq m⁻², indicating the low transfer of radiocaesium from fallout to wheat. The upper limit for the collective effective dose for the Croatian population due to ¹³⁷Cs and ¹³⁴Cs ingestion by wheat and wheat products consumption for period 1965–2003 was estimated to be 665 person-Sv, the upper limit for the annual collective effective dose in 2003 being only about 0.061 person-Sv.     

Ozonation of whole wheat flour and wet milling effluent: Degradation of deoxynivalenol (DON) and rheological properties

The objective of this study was to evaluate the reduction on the levels of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) in whole wheat flour (WWF) with different moisture levels, on the wet milling effluent through ozone (O₃) processing, as well as the impact of ozonation on the rheological properties of flour. The results have shown that the reduction of DON was improved with increasing moisture and exposure time of WWF and wet milling effluent to ozone. The maximum reduction was about 80%, proving that ozonation is an effective and promising technology in reducing mycotoxins in different products. However, the process altered the rheological profile of WWF. Therefore, further studies are needed to better understand the process.     

大气中颗粒物组分的ICP—AES法测定

研究了适用于大气颗粒物组分测定的采样膜、采样时间及采样量。应用ICP—AES技术,测得了6500个大气颗粒物数据。并与中子活化法进行了方法对照。