Carbon Budget Implications of the Transition from Natural to Managed Disturbance Regimes in Forest Landscapes

Land-use change from an unmanaged to a managed forested landscape in northern forests is associated with a reduction of the area annually affected by natural disturbances (wildfires and forest insects) and the introduction of harvesting as a new disturbance. This study examined the impacts of changes in the disturbance regime-the frequency and type of disturbance-on landscape-level carbon (C) content and fluxes. The Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector was used to assess these impacts in six representative landscapes (100,000 ha each) with a range of disturbance regimes that are characteristic of conditions in coastal British Columbia, the interior of British Columbia, and the eastern boreal forest in Canada. The model was used to simulate ecosystem C fluxes during a period of natural disturbances, a 50-year transition period during which harvesting replaced natural disturbances, followed by 150 years of harvesting. The initial landscape-level biomass C content under natural disturbance regimes in the six example landscapes was 22 to 75% of their potential maximum content which is often used as the reference or baseline case. After 200 years of forest management, the C stored in the landscape plus the C retained in forest products manufactured from harvested biomass was between 58 and 101% of the landscape C content prior to the onset of harvesting. Landscape-level ecosystem C content was found to be affected by changes in the disturbance frequency, the age-dependence of the disturbance probabilities, and the disturbance-specific impacts on ecosystem C content. The results indicate that using the potential maximum C content of a landscape as the baseline always overestimates the actual C release due to land use change. A more meaningful procedure would be to assess the actual differences in landscape-level C content between the natural and the managed disturbance regime.     

ClO2氧化-活性炭吸附法处理染色废水的试验研究

用ClO2氧化与活性炭吸附相结合的方法处理染色废水，与单独用ClO2氧化或活性炭吸附处理相比，CODcr去除率和脱色率均有较大提高。     

旅游踩踏对土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷的影响

为了探明旅游活动对张家界国家森林公园土壤微生物活性及多样性的影响,保护土壤生态平衡及合理开发自然保护区提供理论依据,进行了旅游踩踏对土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷的影响研究.结果表明,在所设的3个试验区中,0～5cm土壤层的微生物生物量碳、磷受到旅游踩踏的影响最严重,5～15cm土壤层的微生物生物量碳、磷受到旅游踩踏的影响较严重,而15～25cm土壤层的微生物生物量碳、磷受到旅游踩踏的影响最轻,旅游踩踏对所设3个试验区中3个层次土壤的微生物生物量碳、磷的影响均达到了显著水平(p＜0.05).从旅游踩踏对3个土壤层的微生物生物量氮的影响程度来看,0～5cm土壤层的微生物生物量氮受到的影响最严重,5～15cm土壤层的微生物生物量氮受到的影响较严重,而15～25cm土壤层的微生物生物量氮受到的影响最轻,背景区与缓冲区15～25cm土壤层的微生物生物量氮差异没有达到显著水平.说明张家界国家森林公园土壤微生物遭到了旅游踩踏的破坏,抵御外界干扰的能力已受到了旅游踩踏的破坏.     

炼油污水回用方案初探

针对污水处理场改造后的水质情况，结合现有闲置设备的状况，提出一套既符合现场实际又有针对性的污水回用处理方案。     

铜自热熔炼烟气生产焦亚硫酸钠

扼要报道用碳酸钠溶液吸收法处理金川铜自热熔炼烟气生产焦亚硫酸钠的研究成果     

Solid phase extraction of methomyl and thiodicarb from environmental water with an activated carbon cartridge and their determination by HPLC

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环境经济优化设计案例

本文列举三例，论述完善价格机制发展城市燃气供应事业、运用排污权交易思想削减二氧化硫污染和利用市场干预促进固体废弃物回收，分别设计出优化方案，并概算出预期环境经济效益。     

粉煤灰分选工艺流程的改进

利用闲置设备进行流程改进，提高了粉煤灰的利用率，解决了制砖所需的细骨料。每年节省运灰费用２００多万元，具有良好的经济效益和环境效益     

TiO2膜固载型多孔催化剂的光催化分解试验

以多孔基质为载体,用溶胶-凝胶法制备出载ＴｉＯ２薄膜的多孔型光催化剂。用Ｘ射线衍射和扫描电镜对催化剂的物相和形貌进行了表征，此催化剂能在光照下分解水溶液中四环素抗菌素。经１ｈ光照，四环素的分解率可达８５％左右。     

饮用水中氯化产物水合氯醛、三氯乙酸的活性炭富集顶空分析法研究

以活性炭为富集材料,经酸化和甲酯衍生化后,饮用水中非挥发性的水合氯醛和三氯乙酸可以从活性炭的吸附态定量地释出气体,利用顶空法取样,GC/ECD进行测定。对不同水样检测结果表明,饮用水中水合氯醛、三氯乙酸来自氯化消毒过程。控制水源有机质污染,装置活性炭过滤器,延长烧水煮沸时间,可有效地减少人体对其摄入量。