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241.
大孔膦酸树脂对镉(Ⅱ)的吸附性能及其机理 总被引:52,自引:0,他引:52
用大孔膦酸树脂对镉的吸附性能及其机理进行了研究 ,树脂对镉的静态和动态的吸附容量分别为 1 69 2和 1 62 7mg[Cd(Ⅱ ) ]/g(树脂 ) ,用 1 - 3mol·L- 1 HCI可以定量洗脱 .测得吸附热力学参数分别为 :ΔH =9 1 4kJ·mol- 1 ,ΔG =- 3 2 6kJ·mol- 1 ,ΔS =41 6J·mol- 1 ·K- 1 ,等温吸附遵循Freundlich曲线 ,表现吸附速率常数k2 98=3 6× 1 0 - 4 s- 1 ,用化学和红外光谱等方法讨论了吸附机理 . 相似文献
242.
Raw peat was modified with sulfuric acid, then mixed modified with resin to prepare the modified peat–resin particles. Using the batch experimental systems, the removal of heavy metals (copper and lead) on the modified peat–resin particles was investigated. The data of the adsorption isotherm could be fitted by the Langmuir equation well. The adsorption rate of heavy metals on modified peat–resin particles was very swift. The removal processes of heavy metals on modified peat–resin particles could be well described by pseudo-second order model. The adsorption rate of lead was affected by the initial heavy metal concentration, initial pH, particle size, agitation speed and particle mass. In the adsorption of heavy metals (lead and copper) on the modified peat–resin particles, ion exchange was the major reaction mechanism. Desorption data showed that the lead adsorbed by modified peat–resin particle could be desorbed by 0.5 N or 1.0 N HNO3. The desorption rate was swift. The experiments indicated that the modified peat–resin particles have great potential for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater. 相似文献
243.
阳离子染料废水的脱色方法及其机理的研究 总被引:18,自引:2,他引:18
本文以阳离子染料碱性品红为代表,采用PFAS混凝剂对其水溶液进行脱色处理,在处理过程加入适量的十二烷基苯磺酸钠做助剂,脱色率最高可达99%以上。本文还研究pH值及盐效应对脱色率的影响。脱色机理的研究结果表明:阳离子染料在水溶液中与十二烷基苯磺酸钠之间发生化学作用,靠氢键及静电键结合,使原来带正电荷的阳离子染料粒子转变为带负电荷的粒子,再与带正电荷的PFAS混凝剂的胶体作用产生絮凝沉淀。 相似文献
244.
245.
腐殖酸树脂处理含Pb^2+、CU^2+、Ni^2+废水的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用泥炭为原料制备腐殖酸树脂.在动态条件下,研究了腐殖酸树脂对重金属离子Pb^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+的吸附效果及吸附条件.同时探讨了腐殖酸树脂对重金属离子Pb^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+的吸附与解吸再生机理,吸附机理研究表明,腐殖酸树脂对重金属离子Pb^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+的主要吸附形式为离子交换吸附和络合吸附.结果表明,在废水pH值为5.0~7.0,Pb^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+浓度分别为50 mg/L,经腐殖酸树脂处理,Pb^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+去除率可达98%以上,且处理后废水近中性.含Pb^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+电镀废水经腐殖酸树脂处理后,废水中Pb^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+含量显著低于国家排放标准. 相似文献
246.
The coastal city of Tel Aviv was founded at the beginning of the 20th century. The number of its inhabitants and its water consumption increased rapidly. This study analyses a 15-year record (1934-1948) of pre-industrial development of groundwater chemistry in the urban area. Archive data on concentrations of major ions, dissolved gases (CO2 and O2), organic matter, and pH were available for each half-year during the period of 1934-1948. The major factors causing changes in the chemistry of groundwater flowing in three sandy sub-aquifers have been seawater encroachment due to overpumping, and infiltration of effluents from pit-latrine collectors. Influence of these factors decreases with depth. Landward-penetrating seawater passed through clayey coastal sediments, interbedded among sands and calcareous sandstones, and spread into the Kurkar Group aquifer. This has led to exchange of sodium (dominant in seawater) with calcium adsorbed on clay particles, enriching groundwater with calcium. Intensity of cation exchange decreases inland and with depth. Infiltration of pit-latrine effluents has introduced large amounts of ammonium into the unsaturated zone. Its rapid oxidation in unsaturated sediments has caused massive nitrate production, accompanied by pore-water acidification. This process induces dissolution of vadose carbonate, resulting in enrichment of groundwater recharge in calcium. Anthropogenically induced dissolution of calcite in the unsaturated zone has been the major factor for the increase of Ca2+ concentration in groundwater, accounting for about 80% of this increase. In the interface zone, an additional 20% of calcium has been supplied by cation exchange. Owing to pH increase caused by denitrification in the aquifer, Ca(2+)-rich waters supersaturated with calcite could be formed, especially in the capillary fringe of the uppermost sub-aquifer, which could induce calcite precipitation and ultimately lead to the cementation of sandy aquifers. Urban development has caused drastic changes in the gas content in the unsaturated zone and in groundwater. Carbon dioxide was intensively generated by nitrification-denitrification processes, by hydration of urea, to a lesser degree by oxidation of organic matter, and probably by anoxic biodegradation of organics. Between 1934 and 1948, concentrations of CO2 in unsaturated sediment air rose from 3.2% to 7.6%. In the unsaturated zone, oxygen consumption for oxidation of ammonium and organic matter lowered O2 concentrations in sediment air to unusually low values of 3.9-12.9%. Nitrification in the urban unsaturated zone could thus serve as a pump, sucking in atmospheric oxygen at a rate of about 0.3-0.5 g m-2 day-1. The extreme concentrations of CO2 and O2 in unsaturated sediments have been preserved due to production and consumption of gas under conditions of diminishing areas open to the atmosphere, uncovered by buildings and by roads. 相似文献
247.
248.
水溶液中腐殖酸和苯酚在ZH-02树脂上的双组分吸附 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过苯甲酰基修饰的苯乙烯-二乙烯苯吸附树脂ZH-02对水中腐殖酸和苯酚进行了单组分和双组分的静态吸附.结果表明,在腐殖酸为主要吸附质的二元组分溶液中,对苯酚的吸附量的影响可以利用IAST模型进行预测;而在不存在主要吸附质的二元溶液中,可以用单组分体系的平衡吸附量近似预算双组分竞争体系时各组分的平衡吸附量. 相似文献
249.
250.
离子交换树脂及其在废水处理中的应用 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
介绍了离子交换树脂及其在多种废水处理中的应用研究。离子交换树脂法处理废水具有可深度净化、处理效率高和能实现多种金属综合回收的优点,在水处理领域必将得到更为深入的应用。 相似文献