黄姜产业可持续发展对策研究

黄姜产业主要集中在南水北调中线工程水源地-汉江流域中上游沿岸秦巴山区城镇,近几年发展迅速,但相应清洁生产、废水治理技术滞后生产,导致局部地域的环境污染、生态破坏和资源浪费,影响到丹江水库水质安全和黄姜产业的可持续发展。针对黄姜产业发展现状,分析黄姜产业可持续发展面临的压力和挑战,提出该产业可持续发展的战略措施。     

The double-edged sword of grant funding: a study of community-led climate change initiatives in remote rural Scotland

Community-led initiatives are commonly advocated as an effective way of encouraging individuals to adopt more sustainable lifestyles. Since 2008, the Scottish Government's climate challenge fund (CCF) has distributed over £50 million in grants to community-led, carbon-saving projects across the country. Drawing on participant observation within two CCF organisations in remote rural Scotland, this paper examines the assumption that the receipt of government funding is necessarily of overall benefit to community-led initiatives attempting to facilitate more sustainable communities in the long term. Observations indicate that funding can bring with it a number of significant complications to community-scale action as a result of: (i) misaligned output timeframes, (ii) administration demands, and (iii) local competition. It is concluded that the design of funding schemes can in fact hamper the full potential of grassroots initiatives to engender more sustainable lifestyles throughout the community.     

论新经济环境下成本会计的职能

新经济环境下成本会计职能的发挥是每个组织中的管理者所关注的重要课题，本文通过新经济环境对成本会计的挑战及管理理论与方法创新对成本会计影响的分析，提出新经济环境中发挥成本会计职能应采取的对策．     

贵州省县级市创建环境保护模范城市的思考

简要介绍了全国县级市"创模"的概况,结合贵州省4个"创模"县级市的实际情况,从指标考核范围、指标考核标准、城市发展战略、环保基础设施等方面,分析了贵州省县级市创模的优势与压力。     

对我国农业现代化深层次问题的思考

中国农业现代化不可能照搬西方发达国家，必须从实际出发，吸收欧美等国先进科学技术和经验及教训，合理利用自然资源，保护生态环境，同时还要利用具有中国特色的传统技术和国外的高新技术，建设符合国情的非传统农业现代化，并实施可持续发展战略。在此背景下，文章分析了农业现代化过程中面临的深层次问题，提出了发展对策。     

So far,so good: Up to now,the challenge–hindrance framework describes a practical and accurate distinction

There are many ways to categorize work‐related stressors, and in recent years, a common distinction in occupational health psychology is between stressors viewed as challenges versus hindrances. Is this a useful conceptualization that provides practical and theoretical implications for IO psychologists? As Kurt Lewin famously prescribed, “there is nothing so practical as a good theory,” and we discuss the challenge–hindrance framework as a developing theory that can be useful for researchers and practitioners. We note that some of the early thinking and development of the challenge–hindrance distinction relied on both resource and appraisal theories of stress. Overall, we find that the challenge–hindrance distinction can be viewed as a framework that is useful by producing interesting, valuable, and innovative research. Simply striving to find meaningful and useful categorizations of stressors can lead us to discover new insights into the occupational stress domain, and the challenge–hindrance categories have already spurred a great deal of research.     

Should we be “challenging” employees?: A critical review and meta‐analysis of the challenge‐hindrance model of stress

The challenge‐hindrance model of stress proposes that stressors can be divided into two distinct groups: those that challenge employees and those that hinder employees. This critical review seeks to explain the history of the model and its basic tenets, while succinctly summarizing the findings of existing studies based on the model. A thorough search of the stress literature uncovered 32 studies that specifically examined the relationship between challenge and hindrance stressors and important personal/organizational variables. Results were reviewed and analyzed, specifically by describing past meta‐analyses on the model, looking at the overall pattern of results from primary studies, and meta‐analyzing the relationships presented in those papers. This synthesis suggests that although there are some differential relationships of challenge and hindrance stressors with organizational variables (e.g., performance and engagement), the relationships to other key variables, such as counterproductive work behaviors, psychological strains, and physical health, are consistently negative for both challenge and hindrance stressors. Thus, we propose that stress research move away from the current challenge‐hindrance model in favor of other established models and/or a more appraisal‐based approach.     

黑龙江省环境保护“十三五”时期面临的形势研究

“十三五”是全面实现小康社会的关键时期,黑龙江省环境保护面临经济发展进入新常态、“龙江丝路带”战略实施、能源结构调整优化等带来的机遇,同时也面临着经济欠发达且下行,污染治理更加艰巨;环境短板突出,化解难度大;社会关注度增强,改善环境质量的压力增大等方面的挑战.“十三五”时期,全省应把握好新形势下黑龙江省环境保护面临的机遇与挑战,以改善环境质量为核心,补齐环境短板,编制好环境保护“十三五”规划,为黑龙江省全面实现小康社会奠定良好的环境基础.     

The presence of females modulates the expression of a carotenoid-based sexual signal

Several environmental factors have been shown to shape the pattern of investment of carotenoids into the expression of sexual signals. Surprisingly, the impact of the social environment has been neglected. If a carotenoid-based sexual trait is used by females to choose a mate or by males to assess the quality of potential competitors for mates, males, in the presence of females, should upregulate expression of the trait. We tested this hypothesis in male zebra finches that were housed either with females or in a male-only social environment. Additionally, to investigate whether the social modulation of the expression of a sexual trait depends on the physiological need of carotenoids, we challenged half of the males with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We found that the social environment modulated the expression of bill color, with males kept in the presence of females harboring a redder bill at the end of the 3 weeks that the experiment lasted. Males injected with LPS showed duller bill color regardless of the presence of females, and social interactions with females result in upregulated bill color similarly for phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and LPS males. Thus, social environment and immune activation had an additive effect on the expression of bill color. The effect of social environment on plasma carotenoids was less clear. Indeed, a first replicate of the entire experiment showed that both immune challenge and social context affected bill color, with a negative effect of immune challenge and a positive effect of the presence of females on circulating carotenoids. However, a second replicate of the experiment showed only a negative effect of the immune challenge. These results, therefore, suggest that the social environment can affect the expression of carotenoid-based sexual traits under both benign and carotenoid-demanding conditions. Whatever the signaling function of bill color (female mate choice or male–male competition for mates), the observed flexibility may be adaptive because the expression of the signal can be modulated depending on the expected rewards or costs associated with the presence or absence of females. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying such an effect are still unknown.     

秦皇岛经济技术开发区环境保护工作面临的机遇与挑战

秦皇岛经济技术开发区正迎来自身发展的新阶段,经济社会发展与资源环境约束的矛盾越来越突出。针对开发区现存的大气污染、水污染、固体废弃物的处理处置等环境问题,论述了当前的环境形势和环保工作面临的机遇与挑战,并在此基础上对未来环保工作思路进行了展望,结合实际,提出了将促进工业低碳化发展、促进城市低碳化运营、逐步增加碳汇能力、促进能源低碳化供给等方式作为营建低碳城市的建设战略。