燃料NO生成的总包反应速率

基于全面化学反应体系,对燃料ＮＯ的反应特性进行了详细的数值计算和理论分析,指出了目前应用较多的ＤｅＳｏｅｔｅＮＯ总反应模型的不足,同时,通过引入燃料氮氧化过程中关联组分Ｏ与ＯＨ离子的浓度和,用多元回归的方法得到了燃料ＮＯ生成的总包反应速率表达式。     

改进的二相厌氧消化系统的特性研究

研究填充酸化反应器及其与ＵＡＳＢ甲烷化反应器组成的二相厌氧消化系统的运行特性,填充酸化反应器启动方便酸化速率高,抗水力冲击和ｐＨ波动的能力强,ＣＯＤ容积负荷达２００ｋｇ／（ｍ＾３．ｄ）,采用预调碱工艺,二相消化运行正常,可高效地处理酿酒废水,在进为ＣＯＤ浓度１０００－７０００ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＣＯＤ负荷４０ｋｇ／（ｍ＾３．ｄ）时,出料ＣＯＤ浓度小于２００ｍｇ／Ｌ对抗生素生产废水也有较好的处理效果。     

高分子多孔小球GDX-102对水中有机氯农药的富集作用

测定了国产高分子小球GDX-102对水中微量有机氯农药(β-666、p,p’-DDE和p,p’-DDT)的吸附容量和富集效率,选取了动态富集最佳水样流速.结果表明,GDX-102对上述三种有机氯农药均有较大的吸附容量,其数值分别为14.2mg/g(β-666)、22.3mg/g(p,p’-DDE)和31.4mg/g(p,p’-DDT).在实验条件下,水样流速在0—60ml/min范围内变化时,对GDX-102的富集效率影响甚小,富集效率接近100％,因此,GDX-102可应用于环境水样中微量有机氯农药的现场采样富集.     

利用(HJ/T2.2-93)导则进行排气筒几何高度设计的探讨

确定烟囱高度 ,既要满足大气污染的扩散稀释要求 ,又要考虑节省投资 ,最终保证地面浓度不超过《环境空气质量标准》规定的浓度限值。本文根据 (HJ T2 2— 93)中有关公式 ,经过深一步推导 ,得出孤立排气筒几何高度设计的计算公式。为在一般情况下 ,凡以 (HJ T2 2— 93)为依据的烟囱几何高度设计和环境质量评价工作提供了一个简便、易用的方法。     

Field Comparison of two NO2 Passive Samplers to Assess Spatial Variation

Two-week average NO₂ concentrations were measured in Amsterdam (NL), Huddersfield (UK) and Prague (CZ) at 80 sites in each study area, to assess small area spatial variation, using a tube type and a badge type passive sampler. The badges appeared to be less robust than the tubes. The lower detection limit for tubes and badges was 3.7 and 0.91 µg/m³, respectively for fortnightly measurements. Accuracy of the samplers was determined with reference methods (chemiluminescence). The mean ratio of the concentration measured by diffusion tube over that by the reference method was 1.16, 1.03 and 0.77 in Amsterdam, Huddersfield and Prague, respectively. Standardizing the badges for the results obtained in Amsterdam, the relative mean ratio of the concentration measured by the badges over that by the reference method was 0.95 and 0.58 in Huddersfield and Prague, respectively. NO₂ concentrations measured by the two designs did not differ significantly. Mean NO₂ concentrations were 36, 26 and 22 µg/m³ in Amsterdam, Huddersfield and Prague, respectively. The precision of duplicate tubes and badges was 8% and 11%, respectively. Both samplers are suitable for determining real variation in small area NO₂ concentrations in the ranges which occurred. It is concluded that low-cost, simple NO₂ passive samplers can provide reliable information about variation in NO₂ concentrations within urban or rural areas on a small spatial scale. Based on its robustness and its precision, tubes were preferred over badges.     

天津市道路车流量特征分析

车流量是移动源和道路扬尘排放清单计算的一个重要参数,直接影响排放清单的不确定性.为了解天津市道路车流量特征,通过人工摄录法获取天津市一年四季5种不同类型共9条道路的车流量及车型分布信息,并对其特征进行分析.结果表明:天津市不同类型道路之间车流量总体上呈快速路（8 790辆/h）>主干道（4 077辆/h）>外环线（3 335辆/h）>次干道（2 461辆/h）>支路（1 507辆/h）的特征;冬季车流量最大,而春、夏两季相对较小.各类型道路车流量占比最大的车型均为轻型车（76.88%~90.71%）,中型车（5.31%~11.80%）次之,重型车（3.20%~11.31%）最少;快速路和外环线工作日的车流量大于非工作日,并且差异具有统计学意义,呈"周末效应".研究显示:次干道和支路车流量与主干道车流量呈线性相关,在后续进行道路扬尘和移动源清单编制时,可以考虑通过将主干道车流量与次干道、支路拟合的方式减小工作量;此外,主干道、次干道和支路的早高峰,上、下午平峰,中午和晚高峰的车流量差异不大,可将一天划分为白天、夜晚和凌晨3个时段进行统计,从而节约时间和成本.      

Establishment the relationship between water quality parameter and micro plastic concentration for Adyar and Cooum estuary

Increasing micro plastic concentration in the marine environment is a severe threat to the marine ecosystem and indirectly to human society depending on the marine environment. Also, the surface and subsurface water quality parameters are the indicators of the usability of the water sources for human activities. The primary source of micro plastic is the water river systems from land to sea. This study establishes a correlation between water quality parameters and micro plastic concentration to find the most suitable quality parameter for finding the micro plastic concentration in urban coastal estuaries of Chennai coast, Tamil Nadu, India. Twenty samples from Adyar and Cooum estuaries were collected, with ten each on August 2019 and August 2020. They are tested for temperature pH, EC, Turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Salinity and micro plastic concentrations. Correlation tests such as Pearson's and Spearman's are performed based on the initial Normality and Homogeneity test. The results show that all the parameters are significantly not correlated with the Micro plastic Concentration, and Micro plastic Concentration is considered an independent factor.     

洪湖营养盐时空分布特征及成因分析

洪湖是江汉平原重要的淡水水体.为了揭示洪湖营养盐时空分布特征和原因,开展了对洪湖为期一年的采样调查,连续采集12个月水样和一次沉积物样品,测定样品中营养盐含量.结果表明:(1)洪湖水体营养盐污染水平较高,除氨氮(NH4+-N)外,总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)难以达到Ⅱ类.(2)空间上有机物污染...     

Temporal and Spatial Variation of Nutrient Levels in the Nemunas River (Lithuania and Belarus)

There are discordant results on trends in nutrient river water quality from the economical transition countries in Europe. The present study assessed the impact of these economical changes on the load and concentration at 17 monitoring stations along the Nemunas River and its major tributaries (Lithuania and Belarus). Three time periods were evaluated: the Soviet rule command system period 1986–1991, the transfer to market economy period 1992–1996 and the post reform period 1997–2002. The most surprising result in this study, was the increased area-specific load of NO₃-N from the first to the third period at almost all the sampling sites. The increase was particularly large (43–78%) at the sites in the Lithuanian part of the river. The corresponding load increase in the Belarussian part of the river was only 1–15%. The statistical analyses of concentration data confirm the strong upward NO₃-N trend at the Nemunas mouth and at 5 of the 6 tributaries in the lower part of Nemunas. Temporal and spatial analysis of nitrates transport in the Nemunas River and its main tributaries revealed that nitrates mainly originate from agricultural areas. The upward trends were most likely an effect of ploughing of pastures and unbalanced crop fertilisation in combination with large storage and accumulation of soil-nitrogen during the Soviet period.On contrary to nitrate-N, the area-specific load of PO₄-P decreased significantly from the first to the third period at all sites along the Nemunas River (31–86%). Seasonal (SMK) and Partial (PMK) Mann-Kendall tests on PO₄-P concentrations also showed significant downward trend at 14 of 16 investigated sites. The decrease of PO₄-P levels was attributed to the reduction of municipal and industrial point source emissions and to the decreased livestock numbers.The NH₄-N load showed the same pattern as PO₄-P. At the river mouth the load was 90 kg km⁻² yr⁻¹ during the first period compared to only 20–30 kg km⁻² yr⁻¹ in the third period. The trend test on NH₄-N concentrations detected significant downward trends at 5 out of 16 sites. The declines were explained by decreased emissions from cities and large animal breeding farms.This study showed that trend analysis at multiple sites in a river basin is crucial for the understanding of the variability in time and space. Such analysis is also important for our interpretation of underlying sources and fluxes in a drainage basin over time. This is particularly important for compounds that have different source origin.     

皮带转运站除尘技术的研究与应用

针对皮带输送机运送各种含铁原料(矿粉),导致转运站岗位粉尘质量浓度严重超标的状况,通过不断研究、试验,研制了1种新型除尘装置,使转运站岗位粉尘质量浓度由过去的368 mg/m3降至10 mg/m3以下,解决了转运站扬尘的问题,目前此除尘技术已在济钢铁前区广泛推广应用.