基于指数变权的水电站施工安全现状可拓评价

为弥补传统赋权方法主观意识较强的缺点,提出将变权思想与可拓学理论相结合的改进的多级可拓评价模型。结合水电站施工特点,构建涵盖厂址信息、施工总布置、道路及运输、辅助生产措施、作业安全、施工设备、安全管理行为、职业健康安全8个一级指标、47个二级指标的指标体系,引入变权理论确定指标权重,利用多级可拓评价法计算水电站施工安全现状的安全等级,并进行指标敏感性分析。研究结果表明:水电站施工安全现状等级变量特征值为2.42,即为“合格”,该结果基本符合工程实际。     

变频调速技术对锅炉给水泵安全运行的影响

分析给水泵变频调速节能原理;针对锅炉给水泵改由变频器控制后存在的汽蚀及平衡盘磨损等问题进行了深入的研究,并提出了解决办法.     

基于可变模糊优选理论的应急指挥决策

在分析应急指挥决策方案的优选问题基础上,将可变模糊理论引入公共安全领域,提出应急指挥方案优选的可变模糊方法。该方法依据指标特征值矩阵,结合指标权重向量,计算各方案在不同模型下的相对优属度向量,并以此进行决策。其特点是模型可以变化以提高系统决策的可靠性。结合应急救援实例探讨可变模糊优选方法在应急决策中的应用,并与文献中的方法进行比较,表明可变模糊优选理论对于解决优选决策问题可行、有效,有助于指导应急决策实践。     

安全投资决策的可变模糊优选方法

合理进行安全投资,实现企业本质安全,是建立企业安全生产长效机制的有效途径之一,对社会生产的良性发展起着至关重要的作用。在分析了安全投资决策问题和重要性概念的基础上,提出了一种客观确定指标重要性的可变模糊优选方法。该方法首先利用灰色关联分析确定各指标的重要性排列顺序,然后对各指标进行重要性的二元比较以确定权重向量,最后依据指标特征值矩阵,结合指标权重向量,计算各方案在不同模型下的相对优属度向量,进而得到平均相对优属度向量,并以此进行决策。通过实例评价及分析,可变模糊优选方法科学实用,计算过程简单易懂,能够提高决策的可靠性,评价结果清晰展现了企业以往安全投资状况,为今后科学合理地制定安全投资策略指明了方向。     

Living with a large reduction in permited loading by using a hydrograph-controlled release scheme

The Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for ammonia and biochemical oxygen demand for the Pee Dee, Waccamaw, and Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway system near Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, mandated a 60-percent reduction in point-source loading. For waters with a naturally low background dissolved-oxygen concentrations, South Carolina anti-degradation rules in the water-quality regulations allows a permitted discharger a reduction of dissolved oxygen of 0.1 milligrams per liter (mg/L). This is known as the 0.1 rule. Permitted dischargers within this region of the State operate under the 0.1 rule and cannot cause a cumulative impact greater than 0.1 mg/L on dissolved-oxygen concentrations. For municipal water-reclamation facilities to serve the rapidly growing resort and retirement community near Myrtle Beach, a variable loading scheme was developed to allow dischargers to utilize increased assimilative capacity during higher streamflow conditions while still meeting the requirements of a recently established TMDL.As part of the TMDL development, an extensive real-time data-collection network was established in the lower Waccamaw and Pee Dee River watershed where continuous measurements of streamflow, water level, dissolved oxygen, temperature, and specific conductance are collected. In addition, the dynamic BRANCH/BLTM models were calibrated and validated to simulate the water quality and tidal dynamics of the system. The assimilative capacities for various streamflows were also analyzed.The variable-loading scheme established total loadings for three streamflow levels. Model simulations show the results from the additional loading to be less than a 0.1mg/L reduction in dissolved oxygen. As part of the loading scheme, the real-time network was redesigned to monitor streamflow entering the study area and water-quality conditions in the location of dissolved-oxygen sags. The study reveals how one group of permit holders used a variable-loading scheme to implement restrictive permit limits without experiencing prohibitive capital expenditures or initiating a lengthy appeals process.     

EFFECT OF PRICE ON THE RESIDENTIAL DEMAND FOR WATER WITHIN AN AGENCY1

ABSTRACT: This paper develops a model that can be used to forecast the residential elasticity of demand for water within a district. Long-term water conservation programs and revenue and cost decisions hinge crucially on a determination of this elasticity. This study then pools cross-sectional (census) and time series data to generate elasticity forecasts for the Oakland urban area.     

废旧矿用U型钢改形锚索托盘变形破坏 机理及控制对策*

针对矿用U型钢改形锚索托盘受力过程中发生大的弯曲变形和孔口撕裂,导致锚索支护系统失效的现象,推导了U型钢改形锚索托盘弯曲 变形破坏方程,模拟分析了均布荷载作用下改形托盘的力学特征,发现改形托盘4个角发生弯曲变形量最大,纵向路径弯曲变形明显大于横向, 孔口易发生撕裂破坏。通过数值模拟与公式推导得出,两者计算结果的差值较小,进而提出了减小改形托盘发生弯曲变形和避免孔口发生撕裂 的控制对策。在井下进行现场试验,取得了较好的效果。     

恒压变频调速给水方式在民用建筑的问题

恒压变频调速给水方式已普遍被采用,但作为应用在民用建筑供水上的新方式,对其深入研究不多。导致实际使用效果参差不齐。指出了恒压变频调速方式应用在民用建筑供水上出现的问题,详细分析了出现问题的原因,并提出了解决办法。     

交易费用视角下农地整理管护绩效的影响因素研究

农地整理建成设施及设备的管护是权利让渡和责任主体迁移的过程,对农地整理管护绩效开展研究是破解当前管护困境的有效途径。论文在构建农地整理管护绩效测度体系及其评估方法基础之上,运用威廉姆森交易费用“维度论”分析框架阐述农地整理管护绩效的影响因素。实证研究结果表明,实物资产专用性、人力资产专用性、交易不确定性、交易频率等维度要素对管护绩效的影响较为显著;论文运用工具变量方法解决计量模型中解释变量内生性问题,探讨了内生变量与工具变量以及其他解释变量的作用关系。研究结果验证了威廉姆森分析框架的有效性,并建议管理部门重视耕地生产水平的改善程度、村干部的表率示范作用以及管护人员的明确落实等关键影响要素。     

等离子在卷烟厂除异味系统中的应用研究

卷烟厂中存在很多醛,酮有害气体,会大大降低工作环境的质量。针对此问题,提出了在高压直流上叠加高频电压交流脉冲的基础上调节可变电容改变电路阻抗的方法改进等离子体除异味装置。在高频高压脉冲电源下,利用可变电容与交直流叠加技术,产生高频高压快速上升沿的交流脉冲,改变负载回路上的阻抗,比较品质因数不同情况下产生的等离子,满足产生更佳低温等离子体的需求。经仿真实验结果和烟厂异味气体的成分分析表明,利用该方法可以达到除异味的理想效果,使工作环境得到更大更好的改善。