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91.
92.
Can Forest-protection carbon projects improve rural livelihoods? Analysis of the Noel Kempff Mercado climate action project,Bolivia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Asquith Nigel M. Vargas Ríos María Teresa Smith Joyotee 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2002,7(4):323-337
We studied the Noel KempffMercado Climate Action Project (NKMCAP),Bolivia, to assess whether forestprotection carbon (C) projects cansignificantly benefit local people. Wehypothesized that forest protection canonly securely deliver C if significantstakeholders are meaningfully andtransparently involved, traditional orcustomary rights are recognized and theirloss compensated for, and there are directlinkages between conservation anddevelopment objective. Our researchfocused on 53 members of the communities ofFlorida, Porvenir and Piso Firme and 36secondary stakeholders. In each of thevillages we held half-day meetings withcommunity leaders, complemented bysemi-structured one-hour interviews with 5,10, and 7 families, representing 20%, 10%and 8% of each community. The long-termimpact of the NKMCAP on the localcommunities may well be positive. However,in the short run, certain sections of thelocal communities are financially poorer. Forest protection projects clearly have thepotential to sequester C, protectbiodiversity and simultaneously contributeto sustainable rural development, but ifthey really are to improve rurallivelihoods, they must be designed andimplemented carefully and participatively. 相似文献
93.
柴宁 《辽宁城乡环境科技》2002,22(2):1-3
文中提及我国现阶段节水工作要从提高新水资源利用率入手,在进行节水宣传教育的同时,建立能动的节水机制,充分利用宝贵的降水资源,发挥可利用新水资源最大的效率,为我国未来经济社会的发展创造有利的条件。 相似文献
94.
95.
Iigo Loureiro M. Concepcin Escorial Jos María García-Baudin M. Cristina Chueca 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2007,120(2-4):384-390
Hybridization between Aegilops geniculata, A. biuncialis and bread wheat Triticum aestivum has been evaluated during two seasons under simulated field conditions to estimate the field hybridization rate under Central Spain conditions. The mean frequencies of hybridization between A. biuncialis and A. geniculata with wheat were 0.34% and 0.31%, respectively. Data from 10 hybrid plants for each combination showed that hybrids can be partially fertile by backcrossing with wheat parent, with percent averages of 3.17 grains/spikelets for A. biuncialis × wheat hybrids and 2.87 grains/spikelets for A. geniculata × wheat hybrids. Self-pollination, although at very low rates, was also possible in hybrids. The potential risks associated with natural hybridization in the context of transgenic wheat cultivation are discussed. 相似文献
96.
密切值法与污染损失率法在大气环境质量评价中的综合应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
阐述了密切值法和污染损失率法的基本原理和分析评价步骤。通过实例分析,得出这两种方法的结论具有一致性;利用密切值法对各个决策目标进行质量排序,再利用污染损失率法计标出各污染物对环境的损害程度,并对决策目标进行等级划分。两种方法结合起来应用,能全面地进行环境评价。 相似文献
97.
Toxic metals in sewage sludge-amended soils: has promotion of beneficial use discounted the risks? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M.B. McBride 《Advances in Environmental Research》2003,8(1):5-19
Land application of contaminated waste products has been defended as beneficial use by some scientists and regulators, based on the premise that the behavior of any toxins accumulated in soils from this practice is reasonably well understood and will not have detrimental agronomic or environmental impacts into the foreseeable future. In this review, I use the case of toxic metals in sewage sludges applied to agricultural land to illustrate that metal behavior in soils and plant uptake is difficult to generalize because it is strongly dependent on the nature of the metal, sludge, soil properties and crop. Nevertheless, permitted agricultural loadings of toxic metals from sewage sludges are typically regulated using the sole criterion of total metal loading or concentrations in soils. Several critical generalizing assumptions about the behavior of sludge-borne metals in soil-crop systems, built into the US EPA risk assessment for metals, have tended to underestimate risks and are shown not to be well justified by published research. It is argued that, in the absence of a basic understanding of metal behavior in each specific situation, a more precautionary approach to toxic metal additions to soils is warranted. 相似文献
98.
利用matlab模糊工具箱中自适应神经模糊推理系统(Anfis)方法,对大气环境质量评价作一个尝试性的工作。利用Anfis法对大气环境质量现状的评价,并与灰色聚类法作比较,得出Anfis法用于评价环境质量是可行的,且具有许多优点。 相似文献
99.
阐述了密切值法和污染损失率法的基本原理和分析评价步骤。通过实例分析,得出这两种方法的结论具有一致性;利用密切值法对各个决策目标进行质量排序,再利用污染损失率法计标出各污染物对环境的损害程度,并对决策目标进行等级划分。两种方法结合起来应用,能全面地进行环境评价。 相似文献
100.
环境因素的识别与评价是环境管理体系建立和实施的关键,生产型企业在初始环境评审时可以工程分析为重点,结合对正常和异常情况的分析,对生产过程和各部门涉及的环境影响进行全面分析,从而确定环境因素。在评价重要环境因素时,可先根据企业对外环境排放的接口情况、环境影响情况,结合商业方面的考虑制定重要环境因素评价准则,再利用评价准则评价出重要环境因素。 相似文献