城市公园降温指标与地表热场耦合关系

城市热岛效应是生态环境问题之一,城市公园自身的冷环境能够对热岛效应产生一定的降温作用。基于Landsat 8遥感数据,利用辐射传输方程算法反演天津市的地表温度。以天津市9个公园为例,通过在公园周围建立多环缓冲区,研究公园的降温效应。为了考察空间连续性对公园降温效应的影响,选取公园的冷却强度和冷却梯度2个指标,结合冷却区域和冷却效率,分析城市公园的降温效果。研究结果表明：9个公园的降温距离差异明显,降温距离最大的是水西公园,最小的是人民公园;公园的周长、面积、绿量面积与公园的冷却区域呈显著正相关;形状指数与公园的冷却效率呈显著负相关;绿量面积和水体面积比与冷却强度、冷却梯度呈正相关。     

双压入贴附送风在高温巷道掘进中的降温规律研究

为量化研究高温矿井深部开采掘进巷道在抽压混合通风中设备布置及风量分配对降温效果的影响规律问题,利用AN-SYS-FLUENT软件数值模拟掘进巷道通风降温模型.首先,提出双压入式混合贴附通风降温思路,并分别建立传统抽压混合通风与双压入式混合通风的巷道三维几何模型;然后,进行6组不同设备布置及风量分配的降温方案对比实验;最...     

混铁车强制冷却场集尘系统改造

混铁车强制冷却场原设计为露天敞开式,有4个工作台位,在强制冷却(采用大风量风机经过特制送风头送入炉膛内,将其温度从350℃左右冷却到40℃)过程中,产生了大量扬尘,不仅污染了周围环境,还严重威胁了岗位职工的身体健康.     

石油炼厂循环冷却水中杀生剂的性能评价

选用了氧化型杀生剂二氯异氰尿酸钠来控制循环冷却水中微生物的生长。分别把药剂的投加浓度、温度、接触时间、pH值 4个因素作为变量对杀生效果进行考察 ,总结每个因素及各因素的 3个水平变动对杀生率影响的大小 ,为实际生产提供参数。结果表明 ,浓度因素对杀生率的影响最大 ,其次是时间 ,再次是温度 ,最后是pH值     

电厂循环冷却水中异养菌的检测与分析

通过对城市中水回用于火电厂循环冷却系统的微生物进行试验检测与分析,发现循环水进行前期处理后水中大肠菌群、铁细菌、硫酸盐还原菌含量分别为5个/ml、110个/ml和0.7个/ml以下,均在安全限度之内。对循环水中的异养菌检测分析发现其值在105～106个/mL范围内波动,形成火电厂循环水系统的主要危害,提出影响火电厂循环冷却系统的主要影响菌类为异养菌的结论,对循环冷却水系统微生物的控制具有一定指导意义。     

脉冲磁场对电厂循环冷却水中异养菌的灭活

为了控制微生物繁殖对电厂循环冷却水系统造成的危害,研究了脉冲电源发生器与线圈绕组相连产生的脉冲磁场对循环水中异养菌的灭活影响,并对灭活关键因素进行了分析。实验结果表明,脉冲磁场对电厂循环冷却水中的异养菌有灭活作用;灭活率对频率和输出电压有选择性,并且随着作用时间和温度的升高而升高;在扫频范围100～1000 Hz、输出电压3 V、单次作用时间为15 s,温度45℃时,异养菌灭活率达到78.8%。     

燃煤电厂“烟塔合一”模式下循环冷却水处理技术

介绍了燃煤电厂烟塔合一技术的发展趋势,探讨了烟塔合一模式对循环冷却水的影响,分析了烟塔合一模式下循环冷却水处理技术的可行性,提出了烟塔合一对循环水的影响对策。     

超细化学纤维填料用于净化含油循环冷却水研究

研究了一种高比表面积化学纤维填料对泄漏于工业循环冷却水中机油的循环吸附效果.讨论了填料静态饱和吸附量和循环饱和吸附量的差别;考察了水中分散(或乳化)油的初始浓度、运行温度及pH值变化的条件下填料对循环吸附量和循环吸附能力的影响;比较了吸附前后填料的表面水接触角变化.实验结果表明,填料的循环饱和吸附量约是静态饱和吸附量的...     

Detection, isolation, and identification of cadmium-resistant bacteria based on PCR-DGGE

This study focused on the screening of cadmium-resistant bacterial strains from Pb-Zn tailing. We investigated the diversity of microbial community inhabiting Dong-san-cha Pb-Zn tailing in Beijing, China, by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） of 16S rRNA gene of bacterial strain, and found two dominant strains in the DGGE profile. Using special culture media, we isolated two strong cadmium-resistant bacterial strains. On the basis of morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, BIOLOG, and 16S rDNA sequencing, the two strains were identified as Bacillus cereus and Enterobacter cloacae. Minimal inhibitory concentrations （MICs） of heavy metals for the bacteria were determined. E. cloacae showed higher MIC values for heavy metals and a larger range of antibiotic resistance than B. cereus.     

Releasing characteristics of phosphorus and other substances during thermal treatment of excess sludge

The releasing characteristics of phosphorus,nitrogen compounds,organics,and some metal cations during thermal treatment of excess sludge were investigated.It was found that during heating not only phosphorus,but also nitrogen compounds,organics,and some metal cations could be released in abundance.The maximum orthophosphate (ortho-P) release of about 90 mg/L in concentration was observed at 50℃in 1 h.Except for volatile fatty acids (VFAs),comparatively little total nitrogen (TN),total organic carbon (TOC),and metal cations were released at the same time.Such results might favor further process of phosphorus recovery.VFAs were considerably released only at 50℃.Acetic,butyric,and propionic acid were the most abundant components in turn and their releasing profiles exhibited good linear relationship with time (R~2=0.9977,0.9624,and 0.8908,respectively).The concentrations of Mg~(2 ) and K~ increased with time and temperature during thermal treatment,but Ca~(2 ) decreased.The release of Mg~(2 ) and K~ agreed well with TP release (R~2=0.9892 and 0.9476,respectively).Temperature in the experimental range had very little impact on the linear relationships, especially of Mg~(2 ).Moreover,the parameter of mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) was found to be an important factor for thermal sludge treatment as the released ortho-P and total phosphorus (TP) at 50℃increased more than one-fold when MLSS was increased from 4000 to 8000 mg/L.