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81.
Li Yang Tao Chen Kai-Chong Shi Lu Zhang Ngwe Lwin Peng-Fei Fan 《Conservation biology》2023,37(1):e14045
Species shift their distribution in response to climate and land-cover change, which may result in a spatial mismatch between currently protected areas (PAs) and priority conservation areas (PCAs). We examined the effects of climate and land-cover change on potential range of gibbons and sought to identify PCAs that would conserve them effectively. We collected global gibbon occurrence points and modeled (ecological niche model) their current and potential 2050s ranges under climate-change and different land-cover-change scenarios. We examined change in range and PA coverage between the current and future ranges of each gibbon species. We applied spatial conservation prioritization to identify the top 30% PCAs for each species. We then determined how much of the PCAs are conserved in each country within the global range of gibbons. On average, 31% (SD 22) of each species’ current range was covered in PAs. PA coverage of the current range of 9 species was <30%. Nine species lost on average 46% (SD 29) of their potential range due to climate change. Under climate-change with an optimistic land-cover-change scenario (B1), 12 species lost 39% (SD 28) of their range. In a pessimistic land-cover-change scenario (A2), 15 species lost 36% (SD 28) of their range. Five species lost significantly more range under the A2 scenario than the B1 scenario (p = 0.01, SD 0.01), suggesting that gibbons will benefit from effective management of land cover. PA coverage of future range was <30% for 11 species. On average, 32% (SD 25) of PCAs were covered by PAs. Indonesia contained more species and PCAs and thus has the greatest responsibility for gibbon conservation. Indonesia, India, and Myanmar need to expand their PAs to fulfill their responsibility to gibbon conservation. Our results provide a baseline for global gibbon conservation, particularly for countries lacking gibbon research capacity. 相似文献
82.
The effect of seawater salinity on nitrite accumulation in short-range nitrification to nitrite as the end product was studied by using a SBR. Experimental results indicated that the growth of nitrobacteria was inhibited and very high levels of nitrite accumulation at different salinities were achieved under the conditions of 25--28℃, pH 7.5--8.0, and the influent ammonia nitrogen of 40--70mg/L when seawater flow used to flush toilet was less than 35% (salinity 12393 mg/L, Cl^- 6778mg/L) of total domestic wastewater flow, which is mainly ascribed to much high chlorine concentration of seawater. Results showed that high seawater salinity is available for short-range nitrification to nitrite as the end product. When the seawater flow used to flush toilet accounting for above 70% of the total domestic wastewater flow, the removal efficiency of ammonia was still above 80% despite the removal of organics declined obviously(less than 60% ). It was found that the effect of seawater salinity on the removal of organics was negative rather than positive one as shown for ammonia removal. 相似文献
83.
辽宁中部城市群灰霾天气的外来影响——个案分析 总被引:8,自引:3,他引:8
利用MODIS卫星资料、空气质量监测资料、地面气象资料及后向轨迹方法,分析研究了2011年10月28-29日辽宁中部城市群一次灰霾天气过程.结果表明:此次辽宁中部城市群灰霾过程主要受京津冀外来灰霾污染的影响;在高压后部弱西南气流天气形势控制下,近地面的西南气流通过辽西走廊和海上通道,将京津冀地区灰霾污染物传输至辽宁中部地区,从而造成辽宁中部城市群灰霾污染过程;MODIS卫星图和后向轨迹图显示的灰霾范围、传输路径及PM10浓度跃变点自南向北推移的时间变化也支持这一结论.虽然“联防联控”是治理区域灰霾污染的重要手段,但也要看到区域灰霾污染的跨区域影响问题. 相似文献
84.
Yingqian Yang Chengcheng J. Fei Bruce A. McCarl 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2023,59(4):652-664
In the United States, thermal power plant electrical generators (EGs) are large water diverters and consumptive users who need water for cooling. Retrofitting existing cooling systems to dry cooling and building new facilities with dry cooling can save water and reduce EG's vulnerability to drought. However, this can be an expensive source of water. We estimate that the cost of water saved by retrofitting cooling in existing EGs ranges from $0.04/m3 to $18/m3 depending on facility characteristics. Also water savings from building new EGs with dry cooling ranges in cost per unit water from $1.29/m3 to $2.24/m3. We compare costs with that for water development projects identified in the Texas State Water Plan. We find the water cost from converting to dry cooling is lower than many of the water development possibilities. We then estimate the impact of climate change on the cost of water saved, finding climate change can increase EG water use by up to 9.3% and lower the costs of water saved. Generally, it appears that water planners might consider cooling alterations as a cost competitive water development alternative whose cost would be further decreased by climate change. 相似文献
85.
86.
为研究火灾对套筒灌浆料力学性能的影响,设计不同受火时间(60,90 min),不同静置时间(1,14 d)以及不同冷却方式(自然冷却、喷水冷却)试验,分析不同工况下的套筒灌浆料的抗折强度和抗压强度.结果表明:随着受火时间的增加,套筒灌浆料的抗折、抗压强度均逐渐降低,自然冷却后抗折强度残余率分别为11.3%、9.1%,抗... 相似文献
87.
88.
89.
基于空气负离子浓度的建筑室内空气清洁度评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对深圳某办公楼部分房间的空气负离子浓度分布进行了观测研究,利用空气离子单极系数和安倍空气离子评价指数对不同设备制冷的办公室空气质量进行了评价分析。结果表明:自然通风状态下的空气清洁度比机械通风状态下高,利用可再生能源制冷技术的室内空气质量比普通空调制冷技术的好,放置负离子发生器对室内空气质量有显著提高。因此提高室内负离子浓度可以创造舒适的空气环境,并建议把空气负离子浓度列为室内环境的监测和评价指标,为今后城乡建设规划、城市林业规划和环境能源保护提供科学依据和设计思路。 相似文献
90.
针对目前我国污染源监控数据缺乏深层次利用,监测数据对污染源不能有效预警的状况,以S市某污水处理厂为例,在全面分析2010年出水COD在线监测数据的变化规律的基础上,建立基于频次分析法的预警阈值确定方法,确定了污水处理厂排放不同警情的阈值范围.结果显示,污水处理厂全年出水浓度集中在40~60mg/L,16:00,20:00以及22:00排水COD较高,超标率大,应加强监控.污水厂正常、一般、不正常以及极不正常状态阈值范围分别可设为小于30%频次、20%频次、10%频次以及超过10%频次对应的浓度范围.对污水厂全年监测数据进行警情状态验证,结果显示全年正常、一般、不正常以及极不正常状态出现的比例分别为70.4%、9.9%、9.8%以及9.9%. 相似文献