Capture of carbon dioxide by amine-impregnated as-synthesized MCM-41

The novel carbon dioxide(CO2) adsorbents with a high capture effciency were prepared through impregnating the as-synthesized MCM-41 with three kinds of amines,namely diethylenetriamine(DETA) ,triethylenetetramine(TETA) and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol(AMP) .The resultant samples were characterized by small angle X-ray diffraction and low temperature N2 adsorption.The synthesis way not only saves the energy or extractor to remove the template but also is environmentally friendly due to the absence of the potential pollutants such as toluene.CO2 capture was investigated in a dynamic packed column.The sample impregnated by TETA showed the highest adsorption capacity,approximately 2.22 mmol/g at 60°C due to its highest amino-groups content among the three amines.The CO2 adsorption behavior was also investigated with the deactivation model,which showed an excellent prediction for the breakthrough curves.     

TiO_2光催化还原重金属离子的研究进展

光催化还原技术越来越得到人们的认可。文章综述了TiO2光催化还原技术在废水中重金属离子处理方面的应用,从重金属离子的光催化还原机理、反应驱动力、光催化剂的失活与再生以及各种光催化还原重金属的影响因素等方面,阐述了重金属离子的光催化还原新进展。     

TiO2晶须在深度净化饮用水过程中失活原因分析

研究了TiO₂晶须在光催化深度净化饮用水过程中失活的原因及相应的再生方法.对TiO₂薄膜失活前后的AFM、XRD表征,以及对失活前后TiO₂晶须酸洗液的ICP分析表明,TiO₂晶须失活的主要原因是难溶性碳酸钙在催化剂表面的沉积.由于自来水中钙离子的存在以及有机物光催化降解过程中产生的二氧化碳,生成的难溶性碳酸钙覆盖在催化剂的表面,影响了紫外光的透光率,限制了光生电子和光生空穴的生成,导致催化剂的光催化能力逐渐下降直至失活;失活的催化剂通过1 mol/L的盐酸酸洗4　h后,光催化活性可以恢复到95%左右;多次失活/再生的催化剂的光催化活性保持较好的稳定性.     

Environmental fate and ecotoxicology of paraquat: a California perspective

The herbicide paraquat belongs to the group of the bipyridylium salts. In California, it is used primarily for control of broad-leaved grasses in fruit orchards and plantations, as a cotton defoliant, and for inter-row control in many crop and non-crop areas. In plants, paraquat causes the formation of reactive radicals leading to cell membrane damage and ultimately rapid desiccation. Soil clay minerals have a greater influence on paraquat adsorption and inactivation compared with soil organic matter following an application. Degradation mechanisms include photolysis, chemical, and microbial degradation, but these processes are generally extremely slow. In California during 2000–2014, paraquat was used primarily for the cultivation of almonds, cotton, alfalfa, and grapes: median value for an application and annual mass applied statewide were 0.53 kg ion/ha and 280 Mg, respectively. Paraquat was undetected in groundwater as a non-point source pollutant. Detections in surface waters (0.42–3.6 μg/L) were <1%. In earthworms and other invertebrates there is limited paraquat accumulation as toxic effects are mitigated via soil inactivation. Paraquat is among the most embryotoxic contaminants for bird eggs, but not to adult; it causes toxic and teratogenic effects in amphibians, and toxic effects in honeybees, fish, and other aquatic species.     

SCR脱硝催化剂失活机理研究进展

在烟气脱硝系统中,选择性催化还原催化剂的中毒和再生是广泛关注的问题。本文从催化剂的烧结、As、Ca、碱金属中毒等方面阐述了SCR脱硝催化剂的失活机理。通过总结催化剂的各种失活机理,可以有针对性地根据燃料的特性以及飞灰的成分进行SCR脱硝系统的优化设计,从而有针对性的制定防止催化剂失活的措施,这对延长催化剂寿命,降低SCR脱硝系统的运行维护费用具有重要意义。     

Adsorption of carbon dioxide on amine-modified TiO2 nanotubes

TiO2 nanotubes (TiNT) were prepared by a hydrothermal treatment and modified by three kinds of amines,namely ethylenediamine,polyetherimide and tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA),to study their CO2 adsorption properties from gas streams.The resultant samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,and infrared spectroscopy,as well as low temperature N 2 adsorption.CO2 capture was investigated in a dynamic packed column at 30℃.TEPA-modified TiO2 nanotubes showed the highest adsorption capacity of 167.64 mg/g because it had the highest amino-group content among the three amines.CO2 fixation on TiNT impregnated by TEPA was investigated at 30,50,and 70℃,and the adsorption capacity increased slightly with temperature.Following the adsorption step,the sorbents were regenerated by temperature programmed desorption,and the TiNT-TEPA sample,as CO2 sorbent,was found to be readily regenerated and energy-efficient.The cycle test also revealed that the TiNT-TEPA adsorbent is fairly stable,with only a 5% drop in the adsorption capacity after 10 adsorption/desorption cycles.In addition,the CO2 adsorption behavior was investigated with the deactivation model,and which showed an excellent prediction for the TiNT-TEPA breakthrough curves.     

Ce-Mn/TiO2催化剂选择性催化还原NO的低温活性及抗毒化性能

用浸渍法制备了Ce-Mn/TiO2催化剂,考察了其在O2存在条件下选择性催化还原(SCR)NO的活性和抗SO2及H2O毒化的性能.结果表明,反应温度、空间速度、NO进口浓度和NH3/NO摩尔比对NO转化率的影响较小;在120℃的低温条件下,该催化剂显示了良好的催化活性,NO的转化率始终保持在95%以上.该催化剂有良好的同时抗SO2和H2O毒化能力.     

宁南霉素对烟草花叶病毒的生物活性

研究了宁南霉素 (Ningnanmycin)对烟草花叶病毒 (tobaccomosaicvirus,TMV)的预防、治疗和钝化作用 .结果表明 ,宁南霉素喷施 5d后接种TMV ,对烟草花叶病毒的预防效果为 5 8.4 1% ;宁南霉素浓度为 15 0～ 2 0 0 μg/mL时 ,对烟草花叶病毒的治疗效果达 79.6 5 %～ 84 .96 % ,治疗效果最好为接种TMV 1d后喷施 2 0 0 μg/mL宁南霉素 ;宁南霉素对烟草花叶病毒的钝化效果为 76 .99%～ 83.19% ,混合 4 5min的TMV与宁南霉素等体积混合液效果更好 .试验证明 ,宁南霉素对烟草花叶病有很好的治疗作用 ,对烟草花叶病毒有显著的钝化效果 .图 1表 3参 15     

负载型TiO2在印染废水降解中的失活及原因分析

研究了负载型TiO2光催化剂在印染废水降解中的失活及其产生的原因.实验结果说明,催化剂活性下降的主要原因有废水中不溶于水的染料等悬浮物和催化反应中产生的无定形碳在催化剂表面的吸附;高含量的无机离子对催化剂活性位的占据或在表面的沉积;长时间的使用和反复冲洗使TiO2负载量减少.通过同时采用灼烧和酸洗的方法可以使TiO2的活性恢复到新催化剂的69.5%.     

光催化降解气相甲苯反应特性的一种新预测模型

以TiO2(P25)为催化剂,研究了玻璃平板反应器在室内典型冬季工况紫外光催化降解甲苯的特性。甲苯的初试浓度为0～14mg/m3。实验发现,随着浓度的增大,甲苯的降解速率先增加,在达到一个最大值后急剧减小。一个考虑了催化剂钝化的动力学模型能很好的解释这种现象。文章提出了钝化区、最大反应速率、抑止浓度等概念,对光催化型净化器的设计与选用有非常重要的指导意义。