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141.
通过对四川省科技人力资源的潜力、结构变化的分析,提出建立统一规范的科技人才培养经费投入政策,加强科技人才资源的再开发,不拘一格引进科技人才,建立四川省科技人力资源监测系统等对策。 相似文献
142.
论建立我国安全管理硕士教育制度 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
论述了安全科学技术的地位和作用,我国安全科学与工程学科的特点,安全工程师必备的知识体系,培养安全工程专业人才的要求,目前安全工程人才培养与实际需要的差距,我国安全科学技术的前景和已有的多层次安全教育体系等,在此基础上,首次提议了建立我国的安全管理硕士(MSA)教育制度,以便满足高层次安全管理人才的迫切需要,同时,还探讨了MSA人才的基本培养方案,比较了MSA和MBA(工商管理硕士)的共同特征,提出MSA教育可以借鉴MBA教育的经验。 相似文献
143.
江苏省城市防汛决策支持系统研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
在分析江苏省城市防汛问题的基础上,设计了其防汛决策支持系统;根据江苏省城市洪涝灾情特点研建和选用了适宜的数学模型,该模型可以迅速、可靠和正确地模拟城市雨情、水情、灾情的发展过程和可能后果,为城市防汛决策提供多层次的信息服务和多种支持手段。 相似文献
144.
三论灾害研究的理论与实践 总被引:150,自引:35,他引:150
在作者分别于 1991年发表的《论灾害研究的理论与实践》和 1996年发表的《再论灾害研究的理论与实践》的基础上 ,评述了最近 6年来灾害科学研究的进展 ,提出了灾害科学的基本框架 ,进一步完善了“区域灾害系统论”的理论体系 ,提出了当前灾害科学的主要学术前沿问题。文章并就资源开发与灾情形成机理与动态变化过程进行了综合分析 ,阐述了区域灾害的形成过程 ,进一步从区域可持续发展的角度 ,就建设安全社区 (区域 )提出了“允许灾害风险水平”的区域发展对策。 相似文献
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147.
Vinod Lohani David F. Kibler Jeffery Chanat 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2002,38(2):439-452
ABSTRACT: This paper describes the integration of a comprehensive hydrological model known as the Hydrological Simulation Program Fortran (HSPF) into a problem solving environment (PSE) for watershed management. The original PSE concept was a structure providing web‐based access to a suite of models, including HSPF and other models of in‐stream hydrodynamics, biological impacts and economic effects, for the watershed‐wide assessment of alternative land use scenarios. The present paper describes only the HSPF integration into the PSE program. Example applications to the 148 square kilometer (57 square mile) Back Creek subwatershed in the upper Roanoke River system (1,479 square kilometers or 571 square miles) in southwest Virginia are used to illustrate important concepts and linkages between land development and hydrological change using hypothetical' what if'scenarios. The features of HSPF and its limitations in this context are discussed. The paper as such is a proof‐of‐concept paper and not a completion report. It is intended to describe the PSE tool building process rather than analysis of the many possible simulation outcomes. However, the dominance of raw imperviousness as a contributor to hydrograph response is apparent in all the PSE simulations described in this paper. 相似文献
148.
Mark R. S. Johannes Kim D. Hyatt Josie K. Cleland Leila Hanslit Margot M. Stockwell 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2002,38(2):555-562
ABSTRACT: Watershed stewardship activities throughout North America have evolved into a process that requires more involvement in planning and decision making by community stakeholders. Active involvement of all stakeholders in the process of watershed stewardship is dependent on effective exchange of information among participants, and active involvement of a wide range of stakeholders from “communities of place” as well as those from “communities of interest.” We developed a map‐based stream narrative tool as a means to: (a) assemble a wealth of incompletely documented, “traditional” ecological or natural history observations for rivers or streams; and (b) promote a higher level of active involvement by community stakeholders in contributing to information‐based, watershed management. Creation of stream narratives is intended for use as a tool to actively engage local stakeholders in the development of a more comprehensive information system to improve management for multiple stewardship objectives in watersheds. Completion of map‐based stream narrative atlases provides a valuable supplement to other independent efforts to assemble observations and knowledge about land‐based natural resources covering entire watersheds. We are confident that completion of stream narrative projects will make a valuable addition to the information and decision making tools that are currently available to the public and resource agencies interested in advancing the cause of community‐based approaches to watershed and ecosystem management. 相似文献
149.
Robin S. Gregory Ralph L. Keeney 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2002,38(6):1601-1612
ABSTRACT: This paper outlines a sound, practical approach for making more informed decisions about environmental policy choices. It emphasizes the importance of using a structured decision process to specify and organize values, use these values to create alternatives, and assess tradeoffs to help achieve a desired balance across key objectives. Although these decision making steps are based on common sense, they are often neglected or poorly carried out as part of the complex evaluations of natural resource options. We discuss several reasons for this frequent neglect of decision making principles and provide examples from recent water use planning projects to demonstrate some of the benefits of using a structured, decision focused approach: new and better solutions, increased and more productive participation by stakeholders, and greater defensibility and acceptance of the resource management evaluation process and its conclusions. 相似文献
150.
Rebecca J. Wade Bruce L. Rhoads Jose Rodriguez Melinda Daniels David Wilson Edwin E. Herricks Fabian Bombardelli Marcelo Garcia John Schwartz 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2002,38(4):931-944
ABSTRACT: Many urban and suburban communities in the Midwest are seeking to establish sustainable, morphologically and hydraulically varied, yet dynamically stable fluvial systems that are capable of supporting healthy, biologically diverse aquatic ecosystems — a process known as stream naturalization. This paper describes an integrated research program that seeks to develop a scientific and technological framework to support two stream naturalization projects near Chicago, Illinois. The research program integrates theory and methods in fluvial geomorphology, aquatic ecology, hydraulic engineering and social theory. Both the conceptual and the practical challenges of that integration are discussed. Scientific and technical support emphasize the development of predictive tools to evaluate the performance of possible naturalization designs at scales most appropriate to community based projects. Social analysis focuses on place based evaluations of how communities formulate an environmental vision and then, through decision making, translate this vision into specific stream naturalization strategies. Integration of scientific and technical with social components occurs in the context of community based decision making as the predictive tools are employed by project scientists to help local communities translate their environmental visions into concrete environmental designs. Social analysis of this decision making process reveals how the interplay between the community's vision of what they want the watershed to become, and the scientific perspective on what the watershed can become to achieve the community's environmental goals, leads to the implementation of specific stream naturalization practices. 相似文献