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11.
木质素降解酶及其调控机理研究的进展 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
近年来有关木质素降解微生物和木质素降解酶的产与调控机理的研究表明,腐霉和细菌在木质自然降解中起着重要作用,腐霉的降解作用发生在次级代谢阶段,而细菌发生在初级代谢阶段,影响木质素降解酶的产生酶活力高低的因素有碳氮的选择与限制;诱导物的添加;表面活性剂的使用;某些金属离子浓度水平的改变;菌丝的固定化,温度和摇床转速的变换等。 相似文献
12.
应用静态试验,研究了As(Ⅲ),As(Ⅴ)对活性污泥脱氢酶活性、脲酶活性、蛋白酶活性的影响。其结果:抑制10%脱氢酶、脲酶、蛋白酶活性的As(Ⅲ)浓度分别为10.0mg/gMLSS,13.4mg/gMLSS,2.6mg/gMLSS;As(Ⅴ)的浓度则分别为552.6mg/gMLSS,464.4mg/gMLSS,193.7mg/gMLSS。As(Ⅲ)对活性污泥的毒性比As(Ⅴ)平均大53倍。 相似文献
13.
A simplified method is described for processing both direct preparations and long-term cultures from the same fragment of chorionic villi. Enzyme separation of the outer trophoblast layers (used for direct preparations) from the inner mesenchymal core (used to initiate long-term cultures) facilitates the utilization of the same fragments for the two procedures, without jeopardizing the success of either method. This has proved useful in cases where the sample was so small that only one method of chromosome preparation may have been possible using other techniques. 相似文献
14.
Frances R. Sweetman Kenneth M. Gibson Lawrence Sweetman Ph.D William L. Nyhan Homer Chin William Swartz Oliver W. Jones 《黑龙江环境通报》1986,6(3):187-194
We have documented the presence of five mitochondrial enzymes in samples of chorionic villus tissue and measured the levels of activity. Three of the enzymes catalyse biotindependent reactions. These are propionyl-CoA carboxylase, 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase and pyruvate carboxylase. the other enzymes. 4-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase and succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, are involved inthe degradation of the central inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. Distinct diseases in whichthere is deficiency of each of these enzymes have been documented in man. Significant levels of activity were observed for all five enzymes in chorionic villus tissue. This methodology should permit early prenatal diagnosis of deficiencies of these enzymes by chorionic villus biopsy in the first trimester. 相似文献
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植物根系对镉毒害的防御及其代谢 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
本文采用植物根系生物量、根系内活性氧清除酶活性变化和植物表观中毒症状作指标 ,研究了 Cd毒害对草坪植物的毒性作用、根系应激反应。结果表明 ,当土壤溶液中 Cd浓度达 1.5× 10 - 3mol· dm- 3时 ,植物体内活性氧代谢、生长状况将出现异常 ,甚至出现明显的表观中毒症状。 Cd对植物体内清除酶活性的毒性强度为 CAT>SOD>POD。匍匐翦股颖 (Agrostis stolonifera)根系对 Cd毒害的抵抗作用强于多年生黑麦草 (L olium perernne)。 相似文献
17.
Effect of leachate recycling and inoculation on the biochemical characteristics of municipal refuse in landfill bioreactors 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Activity development of key groups of enzymes involved in municipal refuse decomposition was measured in laboratory landfill bioreactors with and without leachate recycling and inoculation for about 210 days.The results showed that the enzymes(amylase,protease,cellulase,lipase and pectinase)were present in fresh refuse but at low values and positively affected by leachate recycling and refuse inoculation.The total average of cellulase activity in digesters D3 operated with leachate recycling but no inoculation,D4 and D5 operated with leachate recyling and inoculation was much higher than that in digesters D1 and D2 without leachate recycling and inoculation by 88%-127%,117%-162%and 64%-98%.The total average of protease activity was higher in digester D4 than that in digesters D1,D2,D3and D5 by 63%,39%,24%and 24%,respectively,and the positive effect of leachate recycling and inoculation on protease activity of landfilled refuse mainly was at the first two months.The total average of amylase activity was higher in digesters D3,D4 and D5 than that in digesters D1 and D2 by 83%-132%,96%-148%and 81%-129%.During the early phase of incubation,the stimulatory effect of inoculation on lipase activity was measured,but refuse moisture was the main factor affecting lipase activity of landfilled refuse.The inoculation,initial and continuous inoculation of microorganisms existing in leachate,was the mainly stimulatory factor affecting pectinase activity of landfilled refuse. 相似文献
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19.
固定化多酚氧化酶传感器检测酚类化合物研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用从马铃薯中提纯、经吸附交联得到的固定化多酚氧化酶与氧电极组装设计而成的酚传感器,可检测大多数酚类化合物,其灵敏度,准确度,线性范围,响应速度,稳定性及抗干扰性,均可基本满足要求。研究证明,该法具有一定的开发实用价值。 相似文献
20.
Ed Gidman Royston Goodacre Bridget Emmett Lucy J. Sheppard Ian D. Leith Dylan Gwynn-Jones 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2004,4(6):251-258
The potential for metabolic fingerprinting via Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy to provide a novel approach for the detection of plant biochemical responses to N deposition is examined. An example of spectral analysis using shoot samples taken from an open top chamber (OTC) experiment simulating wet ammonium deposition is given. Sample preparation involved oven drying and homogenisation via mill grinding. Slurries of a consistent dilution were then prepared prior to FT-IR analysis. Spectra from control, 8 and 16 kg N ha–1 yr–1 treatments were then subjected to cross-validated discriminant function analysis. Ordination diagrams showed clear separation between the three N treatments examined. The potential for using Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull as a bioindicator of N deposition is further evident from these results. The results also clearly demonstrate the power of FT-IR in discriminating between subtle phenotypic alterations in overall plant biochemistry as affected by ammonium pollution. 相似文献