武昌区环境空气质量变化趋势及治理对策

分析2001年-2008年武汉市武昌紫阳、东湖梨园两个空气质量自动监测点空气质量状况,并运用spearman秩相关系数法判断监测点环境空气质量年变化趋势,2001年-2008年武昌区两个测点的环境空气质量总体趋向好转,优良率上升显著,但东湖梨园测点近三年空气质量优良率逐年下降,武昌紫阳测点空气质量优良率虽呈显著上升趋势,但在近三年上升趋缓。影响环境空气优良率高低的主要污染物是可吸入颗粒物,而造成可吸入颗粒物日均值超标的主要原因是建筑工地、拆迁工地的施工扬尘及运输扬尘。建议采取着重治理扬尘污染、加快产业布局调整、注重季节特点、建立空气质量预警机制及其他综合治理措施改善武昌区环境空气质量状况。     

世界封存CO_2驱油的现状与前景

"碳捕捉与封存"技术有助于减少温室气体排放和控制全球变暖,评述了世界可深层封存CO2的潜力,世界各国封存CO2提高油田采收率的现状和发展趋势,以及中国CO2驱油的前景。     

“十五”期间苏北大运河水环境质量及趋势分析

南水北调东线的关键是输水沿线水环境质量。京杭大运河江苏苏北段作为南水北调东线重要榆水干线,其水环境质量直接影响东线北调输水水质与工程效益。根据京杭大运河江苏苏北段“十五”期间历年水环境监测资料,将苏北段大运河分为不牢河、中运河、里运河三个河段,综合分析评价了苏北大运河水环境质量,大运河徐州段及淮安市区段污染严重。在水质分析评价的基础上,采用Spearman秩相关系数法及二元多项式回归趋势线等方法相结合的方法,进一步分析了苏北大运河“十五”期间水环境质量变化趋势。     

1954～2008年衡阳冰冻特征及变化趋势分析

利用1954～2008年街阳8个地面气象观测站数据,对其年代际间曲线和气侯趋势系数进行综合分析,结果表明:衡阳冰冻的年代际间变化经历了上世纪70年代的活跃期,50、90年代的低谷期,目前向正常方向发展.年平均出现冰冻24.5站次,冰冻多发年的出现机率有所加大,但仍处于较低水平.1月中旬～2月上旬是冰冻相对集中时段,其中1月下旬是全年出现冰冻最多旬,而该旬并非气温最低时段.形成冰冻的有利条件是日平均气温0～-1℃,小～中等降雨(雪)过程,日平均风速5.0 m/s以下.衡阳的冰冻发生存在地域性特点,自北向南逐渐减少.轻度冰冻、中等冰冻和重度冰冻各占69.3%、25.4%和5.3%.     

1954-2008年衡阳冰冻特征及变化趋势分析

利用1954-2008年衡阳8个地面气象观测站数据,对其年代际问曲线和气候趋势系数进行综合分析,结果表明-衡阳冰冻的年代际间变化经历了上世纪70年代的活跃期,50、90年代的低谷期,目前向正常方向发展。年平均出现冰冻24.5站次,冰冻多发年的出现机率有所加大,但仍处于较低水平。1月中旬-2月上旬是冰冻相对集中时段,其中1月下旬是全年出现冰冻最多旬,而该旬并非气温最低时段。形成冰冻的有利条件是日平均气温0— -1℃,小-中等降雨（雪）过程,日平均风速5.0m／s以下。衡阳的冰冻发生存在地域性特点,自北向南逐渐减少。轻度冰冻、中等冰冻和重度冰冻各占69.3％、25.4％和5.3％。     

天津滨海新区地面沉降趋势预测

在分析天津市滨海新区地面沉降概况及灾害的基础上,利用天津地面沉降监测网26年的水准测量资料,采用数据拟合和多核函数方法,研究了天津滨海地区地面沉降随时间的变化规律,对滨海地区地面沉降的趋势进行预测。结果表明地面沉降这一"缓发型"的地质灾害一旦致灾,会给经济建设带来无法挽回的巨大损失。     

Evaluation of the spontaneous combustion tendency of corrosion products in oil tanks based on TOPSIS methodologies

Spontaneous ignition of the corrosion products of an oil tank may lead to an explosion. To evaluate the spontaneous combustion tendency of corrosion products in oil tanks, the thermodynamic characteristic parameters of the corrosion products of oil tanks were obtained by thermogravimetry as evaluation indexes. Then, the objective weights of these indexes were calculated via the CRITIC method, and TOPSIS theory was used to comprehensively evaluate the spontaneous combustion tendency of corrosion product samples from oil tanks. The results show that the weight of the mass loss rate at the ignition point is the highest, and the apparent activation energy of the corrosion products is not the decisive factor affecting their spontaneous combustion tendency. As such, the spontaneous combustion tendency of the corrosion products of oil tanks cannot be based on only the apparent activation energy. The spontaneous combustion tendency of the corrosion products of a gasoline tank is lower than that of a diesel tank. The higher the heating rate is, the stronger the tendency of spontaneous combustion will be.     

中小型水电站库区富营养化变化趋势探析——以红岩水电站为例

流域梯级电站开发日益使河流湖库化,特别是建在流域下游的水库尤为明显,湖库富营养化已成为水库的主要生态环境问题,备受中外学者关注。本文通过对红岩水电站库区富营养化程度预测判别,分析了中小型水电站库区蓄水后富营养化变化趋势,提出中小型水电站库区富营养化控制对策,为湖库区水质保护与改善提供参考。     

辽宁省环保产业人才需求趋势研究

通过多种渠道和方式,大量收集有关文献资料,结合国家和辽宁省历年开展环保及相关产业调查的实际数据,进行分析、对比,总结出辽宁省环保产业人才需求形势,探讨人才发展的趋势,分析环保产业人才发展存在的问题,提出具体建议。     

Early life environment and developmental immunotoxicity in inflammatory dysfunction and disease

Components of the innate immune system such as macrophages and dendritic cells are instrumental in determining the fate of immune responses and are, also, among the most sensitive targets of early life environmental alterations including developmental immunotoxicity (DIT). DIT can impede innate immune cell maturation, disrupt tissue microenvironment, alter immune responses to infectious challenges, and disrupt regulatory responses. Dysregulation of inflammation, such as that observed with DIT, has been linked with an increased risk of chronic inflammatory diseases in both children and adults. In this review, we discuss the relationship between early-life risk factors for innate immune modulation and promotion of dysregulated inflammation associated with chronic inflammatory disease. The health risks from DIT-associated inflammation may extend beyond primary immune dysfunction to include an elevated risk of several later-life, inflammatory-mediated diseases that target a wide range of physiological systems and organs. For this reason, determination of innate immune status should be an integral part of drug and chemical safety evaluation.