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排序方式: 共有296条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Jianbing WANG Guoqing WANG Chunli YANG Shaoxia YANG Qing HUANG 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2015,9(4):615
This research investigates the performances of RuO2/ZrO2-CeO2 in catalytic ozonation for water treatment. The results show that RuO2/ZrO2-CeO2 was active for the catalytic ozonation of oxalic acid and possessed higher stability than RuO2/Al2O3 and Ru/AC. In the catalytic ozonation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), RuO2/ZrO2-CeO2 did not enhance the DMP degradation rate but significantly improved the total organic carbon (TOC) removal rate. The TOC removal in catalytic ozonation was 56% more than that in noncatalytic ozonation. However this does not mean the catalyst was very active because the contribution of catalysis to the overall TOC removal was only 30%. The adsorption of the intermediates on RuO2/ZrO2-CeO2 played an important role on the overall TOC removal while the adsorption of DMP on it was negligible. This adsorption difference was due to their different ozonation rates. In the catalytic ozonation of disinfection byproduct precursors with RuO2/ZrO2-CeO2, the reductions of the haloacetic acid and trihalomethane formation potentials (HAAFPs and THMFPs) for the natural water samples were 38%–57% and 50%–64%, respectively. The catalyst significantly promoted the reduction of HAAFPs but insignificantly improved the reduction of THMFPs as ozone reacts fast with the THMs precursors. These results illustrate the good promise of RuO2/ZrO2-CeO2 in catalytic ozonation for water treatment. 相似文献
92.
在模拟浅层地下水低温、缺氧的环境条件下,利用BIOLOG ECO微平板法研究了经不同浓度邻苯二甲酸正丁酯(DBP)处理的江汉平原浅层含水层沉积物中微生物的数量、整体活性、多样性指数以及代谢功能多样性.结果表明,微生物的数量、整体活性随DBP浓度不同有差异;丰富度指数、Shannon指数与对照相比差异均不显著,而Simpson指数和McIntosh指数差异显著.低浓度DBP(<400mg/kg)可以抑制部分微生物的生长,而促进与DBP代谢有关的微生物活性;高浓度DBP(796mg/kg)则抑制了微生物数量,破坏物种的均一度,最终导致沉积物中微生物功能多样性发生改变而产生代谢变异性. 相似文献
93.
邻苯二甲酸丁基苄酯在鼠肝匀浆中的生物降解及代谢产物鉴定 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
应用HPLC及HPLC MS方法,研究了邻苯二甲酸丁基苄酯在小鼠肝匀浆中的代谢动力学、酶动力学特征并进行了代谢产物鉴定.测得邻苯二甲酸丁基苄酯在雄性小鼠肝匀浆中的t1 2为73 72min,Km为(73 52±24 11)μmol·L-1,Vmax为(2 85±0 62)μmol·g-1·min-1);在小鼠雌性肝匀浆中t1 2为144 37min,Km为(275 02±64 97)μmol·L-1,Vmax为(6 18±2 30)μmol·g-1·min-1).实验鉴定出邻苯二甲酸丁基苄酯在肝脏中的代谢产物为邻苯二甲酸单丁酯及邻苯二甲酸甲丁酯.实验结果表明,邻苯二甲酸丁基苄酯在肝脏中代谢有明显的性别差异. 相似文献
94.
Removal of a type of endocrine disruptors-di-n-butyl phthalate from water by ozonation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ozonation of synthetic water containing a type of endocrine disruptor-di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) was examined. Key impact factors such as pH, temperature, ionic strength, ozone dosage and initial DBP concentration were investigated. In addition, the activities of radicals on uncatalysed and catalysed ozonation were studied. The degradation intermediate products were followed and the kinetic of the ozonation were assessed as well. Results revealed that ozonation of DBP followed two mechanisms. Firstly, the reaction rate of direct ozonation was slower at lower pH, temperature, and ionic strength. Secondly, when these factors were increased for indirect radical reaction, higher percentage of DBP was removed with the increase of the initial ozone dosage and the decrease of the initial DBP concentration. In addition, tea-butanol, humic substances and Fe(Ⅱ) affected DBP ozonation through the radical pathway. It was determined that ozonation was restrained by adding tea-butanol for its radical inhibition effect. Furthermore, humic substances enhanced the reaction to some extent, but a slight negative effect would be encountered if the optimum dosage was exceeded. As a matter of fact, Mn(Ⅱ) affected the ozonation by "active sites" mechanism. In the experiment, three different kinds of intermediate products were produced during ozonation, but the amount of products for each one of them decreased as pH, temperature, ionic strength and initial ozone dosage increased. A kinetic equation of the reaction between ozone and DBP was obtained. 相似文献
95.
Tiancui Li Yaocheng Fan Deshou Cun Yanran Dai Wei Liang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(2):26
96.
以季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂CTMAB及阴离子表面活性剂SDS对粉末状天然沸石进行复合改性,制备得到了CTMAB/SDS改性沸石。对改性沸石及天然沸石进行红外吸收光谱及XRD衍射表征,并研究了PAEs在天然沸石和CT-MAB/SDS改性沸石上的吸附机制。结果表明,阴阳离子表面活性剂没有对层状结构的键型造成较大的影响;PAEs在天然沸石和CTMAB/SDS改性沸石上的吸附更符合表面吸附一分配作用复合模型;PAEs的表面吸附和分配作用对吸附作用的贡献主要受吸附剂中有机质含量及吸附物质大小、极性及溶解度的影响。 相似文献
97.
Pamornrat Kueseng Panote Thavarungkul Proespichaya Kanatharana 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5):569-576
A method for trace analysis of two plasticizers, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and di-2-ethylhexyl adipate (DEHA), contaminated in packaged curry paste were investigated by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Curry paste samples were extracted by ultrasonic and solid phase extraction using Florisil® cartridge. Analysis by the GC-FID system provided limits of detection for DEHA and DEHP at 12 and 25 μ g L? 1 and a linear dynamic range between 25 μ g L? 1 to 60 mg L? 1 with a coefficient of determination (R2) greater than 0.99. High recoveries were obtained, ranged from 91 to 99% and 88 to 98% for DEHP and DEHA with RSD lower than 7 and 10% respectively. The method detection limit and limits of quantitation were ranged from 27 to 30 and 90 to 100 μ g L? 1. The analysis of curry paste samples showed concentrations of DEHP and DEHA in the range of 4.0 ng g? 1 to 0.61 μg g? 1. 相似文献
98.
99.
水质对UV/H2O2降解邻苯二甲酸二甲酯反应动力学的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了不同初始pH值、浊度与常见阴离子浓度等水质条件对UV/H2O2工艺降解邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)反应速率的影响,并进一步比较了去离子水和自来水中DMP的降解速率.结果表明,UV/H2O2对DMP的光降解过程符合一级反应动力学模型,不同水质条件对降解速率有不同程度的影响.酸性条件较碱性条件更有利于DMP降解; 水的浊度大于7 NTU时,光降解速率常数迅速下降; NO3-、Cl3-、HCO3-等阴离子对DMP降解有抑制作用,且随离子浓度增大,抑制作用增强,3种离子对DMP光降解的抑制程度顺序为HCO3->NO3->Cl3-.在5个30 W低压汞灯照射下,当H2O2的浓度为20 mg·L-1时,DMP在去离子水和自来水中光降解速率常数分别为0.042 8 min-1和0.031 5 min-1,自来水中的光降解速率常数较去离子水中的低,这可能是水中多种离子影响的结果. 相似文献
100.
为探讨邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯(di-(2-ehtylhexyl)phthalate,DEHP)在单独染毒和与卵清蛋白(ovalbumin,OVA)联合染毒条件下对小鼠气道的影响及其相关机制,将Balb/c小鼠随机分为:未处理对照组(生理盐水组)、DEHP染毒组、OVA染毒组、DEHP+ OVA联合染毒组(DEHP+ OVA),每组雄性Balb/c小鼠6只.用OVA致敏加激发的方式制作小鼠哮喘模型.DEHP染毒组每天给予10 mg·kg-1 DEHP灌胃,连续54 d.OVA染毒组、DEHP+ OVA染毒组小鼠均在第54~60 d(共计1周)进行1% OVA雾化(30 min·d-1),每日1次,诱发哮喘.第60 d进行以下操作:肺功能测试,肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF)样品收集和肺组织中的Interleukin-17A(IL-17A)含量的测定.结果显示,与DEHP染毒组相比,DEHP与OVA联合染毒组小鼠BALF的IL-17A显著增加(p<0.05),肺功能降低(p<0.05),气道重塑,肺部细胞浸润明显.提示DEHP对小鼠哮喘模型佐剂作用的分子机制可能涉及IL-17的介导作用. 相似文献