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41.
建筑钢结构中钢构件的防火性能与抗火设计研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
首先有针对性地对当前国内外建筑钢结构中钢构件的防火性能与抗火设计研究背景做了较系统分析,接着,通过有限元程序,对当前应用非常广泛的半刚接门式刚架建筑在火灾高温下的受力性能进行了整体结构非线性分析。计算结果表明:随着温度的升高,钢构件节点的刚度不断下降,当节点的刚度下降到不能约束与其连接的梁柱构件时,结构将发生突然坍塌性... 相似文献
42.
目前有关方钢管钢筋混凝土柱抗火性能的研究主要是针对四面均匀受火的情况,而在实际中,会出现相对两面受火这一情况。为此,利用ABAQUS分析软件建立了方钢管钢筋混凝土柱在相对两面受火作用下高温反应有限元模型,在验证模型正确性的基础上,对其耐火极限进行参数分析,包括荷载比、截面边长、长细比、荷载偏心率、钢材和混凝土强度及配筋率等,得到了相对两面火灾作用下方钢管钢筋混凝土柱耐火极限的主要影响参数和影响规律,并给出了该受火条件下方钢管钢筋混凝土柱耐火极限的简化计算方法。研究结果表明:荷载比、截面边长、长细比是相对两面火灾作用下方钢管钢筋混凝土柱耐火极限的主要影响参数,表现为截面边长越大,荷载比和长细比越小,构件的耐火极限越大。 相似文献
43.
Yu. N. Litvinov S. A. Abramov V. Yu. Kovaleva A. V. Krivopalov E. A. Novikov A. I. Chechulin 《Russian Journal of Ecology》2007,38(6):413-418
The structural-temporal organization of a murine rodent community in the taiga has been studied near Lake Teletskoe, Mountain Altai. The results show that the long-term dynamics of indices characterizing community diversity depend mainly on changes in the structure of dominance rather than on the population dynamics of species. The distribution of species in the factor space corresponds to their preference for certain biotopes, from dry to relatively moist. An analysis of relationships within the rodent community has revealed the synchronous dynamics of species abundance and antiphase pattern of changes in the structural indices of dominant species. 相似文献
44.
A. V. Il’inykh 《Russian Journal of Ecology》2005,36(3):200-204
The impact of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus on the population dynamics of the gypsy moth Lymantria dispar L. has been studied. The results have shown that polyhedrosis morbidity in the western Siberian population of the insect is relatively low, compared to that reported for North American and European populations. A possible cause of this situation is found in the high migration activity of moths in the Asian L. dispar populations, which allows the virus load on the biotope to remain relatively stable and insufficient for the initiation of mass viral diseases during population outbreaks.__________Translated from Ekologiya, No. 3, 2005, pp. 222–226.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Ilinykh. 相似文献
45.
不同施肥措施对水稻土壤微生物镉抗性的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
镉(Cd)是最常见的土壤重金属污染物之一,对植物和人体具有毒害作用,研究不同施肥条件下的土壤微生物Cd抗性水平,可以为有机肥改良重金属污染提供一定的理论依据.为了探讨施无机肥和有机肥对于微生物Cd抗性水平的影响,在中国江苏常州、江西上高和福建福州水稻种植区采集了施有机肥(猪粪)和无机肥的土壤样品及猪粪样品,利用功能基因芯片(GeoChip 5.0)技术,研究了土壤微生物Cd抗性功能基因的响应及影响Cd抗性功能微生物群落互作的因素.结果表明,施有机肥土壤中有效态Cd含量[(1.08±0.70)mg·kg-1]显著低于施无机肥土壤[(3.75±1.22)mg·kg-1](P<0.05).土壤及猪粪样品中共检测到639个Cd抗性功能基因,施有机肥土壤中微生物Cd抗性基因丰度高于施无机肥土壤;有效态Cd含量、含水率、pH和铵态氮含量是影响Cd抗性微生物分布的重要环境因素.对Cd抗性微生物分子生态网络分析表明,施无机肥条件下,pH、含水率和有效态Cd含量是影响功能微生物潜在互作关系的主要因素;施有机肥条件下,主要影响因素是全钾和含水率.相比较无机肥,施用有机肥提高了土壤中微生物的Cd抗性水平及耐Cd微生物分子生态网络中的正相互作用. 相似文献
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49.
Ales Lapanje Alexis Zrimec Maja Rupnik 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(10):3186-3193
In previous studies we detected lower species richness and lower Hg sensitivity of the bacteria present in egested guts of Porcellio scaber (Crustacea, Isopoda) from chronically Hg polluted than from unpolluted environment. Basis for such results were further investigated by sequencing of 16S rRNA genes of mercury-resistant (Hgr) isolates and clone libraries. We observed up to 385 times higher numbers of Hgr bacteria in guts of animals from polluted than from unpolluted environment. The majority of Hgr strains contained merA genes. Sequencing of 16S rRNA clones from egested guts of animals from Hg-polluted environments showed elevated number of bacteria from Pseudomonas, Listeria and Bacteroidetes relatives groups. In animals from pristine environment number of bacteria from Achromobacter relatives, Alcaligenes, Paracoccus, Ochrobactrum relatives, Rhizobium/Agrobacterium, Bacillus and Microbacterium groups were elevated. Such bacterial community shifts in guts of animals from Hg-polluted environment could significantly contribute to P. scaber Hg tolerance. 相似文献
50.
This study investigates faecal indicator bacteria (FIB), multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR), and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), of sediment profiles from different parts of Lake Geneva (Switzerland) over the last decades. MARs consist to expose culturable Escherichia coli (EC) and Enterococcus (ENT) to mixed five antibiotics including Ampicillin, Tetracycline, Amoxicillin, Chloramphenicol and Erythromycin. Culture-independent is performed to assess the distribution of ARGs responsible for, β-lactams (blaTEM; Amoxicillin/Ampicillin), Streptomycin/Spectinomycin (aadA), Tetracycline (tet) Chloramphenicol (cmlA) and Vancomycin (van). Bacterial cultures reveal that in the sediments deposited following eutrophication of Lake Geneva in the 1970s, the percentage of MARs to five antibiotics varied from 0.12% to 4.6% and 0.016% to 11.6% of total culturable EC and ENT, respectively. In these organic-rich bacteria-contaminated sediments, the blaTEM resistant of FIB varied from 22% to 48% and 16% to 37% for EC and ENT respectively, whereas the positive PCR assays responsible for tested ARGs were observed for EC, ENT, and total DNA from all samples. The aadA resistance gene was amplified for all the sediment samples, including those not influenced by WWTP effluent water. Our results demonstrate that bacteria MARs and ARGs highly increased in the sediments contaminated with WWTP effluent following the cultural eutrophication of Lake Geneva. Hence, the human-induced changing limnological conditions highly enhanced the sediment microbial activity, and therein the spreading of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes in this aquatic environment used to supply drinking water in a highly populated area. Furthermore, the presence of the antibiotic resistance gene aadA in all the studied samples points out a regional dissemination of this emerging contaminant in freshwater sediments since at least the late nineteenth century. 相似文献