气垫船减速齿轮箱腐蚀与防护工艺研究进展

叙述了气垫船减速齿轮箱在海洋大气和海水溅射环境下腐蚀与防护工艺的研究进展。介绍了气垫船减速齿轮箱长期处于高温、高湿、高盐雾以及海水溅射环境下的腐蚀特征和主要腐蚀类型,总结了减速齿轮箱中铝合金、合金钢、不锈钢等不同材质零件腐蚀防护技术的研究进展。最后,提出了海洋环境下气垫船减速齿轮箱的腐蚀防护需从结构设计、材料选型、加工制造、运输贮存、维护保养等方面着手,在充分利用现有表面处理技术的基础上,加强阳极氧化、微弧氧化、电镀、涂料涂层等技术的组合;强化腐蚀监测技术,有效预警防护层失效,同时大力研发海洋环境下长期有效、绿色环保的表面处理和涂层技术。另外,采用系统工程来提高海洋环境下金属材料的环境适应性,进而提高减速齿轮箱等部件的可靠性和安全性。     

Bi_2MoO_6可见光催化去除4BS染料实验研究

以Bi(NO_3)_3·5H_2O和(NH_4)_6M_o7O_(24)·4H_20为原料,采用预超声-水热法合成可见光催化剂Bi_2MoO_6,考察了在可见光催化条件下,催化剂的用量、污染物初始浓度、溶液pH值等因素对偶氮染料直接耐酸大红4BS去除效果的影响.结果表明,4Bs溶液初始浓度为20mg·l~(-1)、原始pH值6.90条件下,催化剂的最佳投加量为2g·l~(-1),光照60min后,4BS去除率达到92.7%;在实验浓度20-100mg·l~(-1)的范围内,催化剂投加量为2.0g·l~(-1),光照210min后染料去除量最大可达到约50mg·l~(-1),溶液在弱酸或弱碱性条件下脱色较为稳定,在强酸或强碱性条件下脱色较快,效果明显;催化剂重复使用前后结构和成分稳定,但光催化活性有所下降.     

微波辅助Bi_2WO_6光催化降解四氯酚研究

采用水热法制备了纳米Bi2WO6,并用X射线衍射仪XRD、透射电镜TEM和比表面积分析仪BET表征其晶相结构、形貌及比表面积;然后以2,3,4,6-四氯酚(TeCP)为目标物考察了Bi2WO6在微波场中的光催化活性;最后探讨了TeCP在微波光催化反应体系中的降解机理。结果表明,微波辅助Bi2WO6光催化能够有效降解TeCP,反应20minTeCP(30mg/L)的去除率为94%,相应的动力学常数为0.191min-1;用GC/MS分析检测了此反应中TeCP的7种降解中间产物:2,3,4-三氯酚、2,3,5-三氯酚、2,3,6-三氯酚、2,4,5-三氯酚、2,4,6-三氯酚、3,4,5-三氯酚和2,3,5,6-四氯酚;推断在微波辅助Bi2WO6光催化反应体系TeCP的降解机理为TeCP异构化、脱氯、三氯酚异构化和矿化。     

外源亚精胺缓解荇菜(Nymphoides peltatum)Cr6+毒害的生理研究

研究了不同浓度的Cr^6 胁迫下，荇菜叶中叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、O2^-产生速率、保护酶——超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的动态变化及外施亚精胺后对上述各指标的影响．结果表明：(1)单一Cr^6 处理下，叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量在Cr^6 浓度为1mg／L时达到最大值，而后迅速下降；外施亚精胺(Spd)可显著提高二者的含量，延缓它们的下降速度．(2)单一Cr^6 处理下，SOD、POD、CAT活性分别在2、4、2mg／L Cr^6 处理下达到最大值．而后下降；外施亚精胺可提高这三种保护酶的活性，使其上升或稳定时期变长，从而降低O2^-等活性氧的产生速率．由此可见外源亚精胺可缓解Cr^6 对荇菜的胁迫效应．     

Cytochrome P450 BM3 of Bacillus megaterium—A possible endosulfan biotransforming gene

Computing chemistry was applied to understand biotransforrnation mechanism of an organochlorine pesticide, endosulfan. The stereo specific metabolic activity of human CYP-2B6 （cytochrome P450） on endosulfan has been well demonstrated. Sequence and structural similarity search revealed that the bacterium Bacillus megaterium encodes CYP-BM3, which is similar to CYP-2B6. The functional similarity was studied at organism level by batch-scale studies and it was proved that B. megaterium could metabolize endosulfan to endosulfan sulfate, as CYP-2B6 does in human system. The gene expression analyses also confirmed the possible role of CYP-BM3 in endosulfan metabolism. Thus, our results show that the protein structure based in-silico approach can help us to understand and identify microbes for remediation strategy development. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report which has extrapolated the bacterial gene for endosulfan biotransformation through in silico prediction approach for metabolic gene identification.     

乌鲁木齐市气溶胶光学厚度时空变化及影响因素研究

气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)在一定程度上可以反映城市上空大气污染状况,本文以乌鲁木齐市为研究区,利用2015～2019年MODIS L1B 1 km数据,在IDL平台下调用6S辐射传输模型构建查找表(LUT),结合地面暗像元法反演得到近5年乌鲁木齐AOD,采用标准差椭圆、空间自相关分析和趋势分析等方法分析研究区AOD的时空分布特征,并利用统计法分析气象因子对AOD的影响。结果表明：(1)2015～2019年,乌鲁木齐市AOD先增加后减小,整体没有明显变化,趋势近于0,年均AOD在0～1.95之间。在空间上,AOD呈现西南-东北方向浓度逐渐增加的趋势。AOD高值区(1.67～1.95)主要分布在达坂城区、头屯河区及沙依巴克区。(2)研究区冬季和秋季AOD值相对春季和夏季偏高,冬季AOD平均值可以达到0.63。(3)2015～2019年研究区AOD呈正的空间自相关。AOD的Moran I值呈先增加后减小的趋势,最大值和最小值分别为0.991和0.979。近5年研究区AOD的空间分布中心主要集中在达坂城区和乌鲁木齐县,AOD在空间上呈现先扩散后逐渐集中的趋势,标准偏差椭圆先增大后减小。(4)研究...     

1-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯)-3-(4-硝基苯)-三氮烯光度法测定矿山废水中的锌

研究了用1-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯)-3-(4-硝基苯)-三氮烯(DCNPNPT)分光光度法快速直接测定锌的方法。在表面活性剂TritonX-15的存在下,pH=9.5～10.5的Na2B4O7-NaOH介质中,DCNPNPT与锌( )可生成1∶3的橙黄色络合物。最大吸收波长为445nm,同时在535nm配合物有一最大负吸收,建立以535nm为参比波长,445nm为测定波长的双峰双波长法进行测定,表观摩尔吸光系数可达1.12×105L/(mol·cm)。用拟定的方法测定矿山废水中的锌,与原子吸收法测定的结果十分吻合,结果令人满意。     

Prenatal diagnosis of morquio's disease type a (n-acetylgalactosamine 6-sulphate sulphatase deficiency)

Prenatal monitoring of three pregnancies at risk of Morquio's disease type A by determination of N-acetylgalactosamine 6-sulphate sulphatase activity in cultured amniotic cells is reported. In one pregnancy prenatal diagnosis of one affected fetus was made. Enzyme determinations in tissues of the aborted fetus confirmed the prenatal diagnosis.     

Summer air quality over an artificial lake

In the summer of 1998, the air quality (indicators: CO, NO, NO₂, O₃) above the water surface of the Lake Balderey (Essen, Ruhr area, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany), an artificial lake used for recreation purposes, was measured using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) remote measurement methods. The lake, with an area of 3 km² was created by damming the Ruhr and is surrounded by higher ground. In calm, bright weather conditions, this location results in a low-exchange situation (formation of temperature inversions, cold air dynamics) with a sustained impact on pollutant concentrations over the lake. The results of trace substance measurements (1/2 h mean values) were compared with values from comparison stations (suburban, high traffic and forest) located outside the area of the lake. In general, it was found that mean CO and NO concentrations over the lake were very low (0.3 ppm and 7.5 ppb, respectively). NO₂ values (15 ppb) were some 3.5 times higher than those recorded at the forest station and O₃ values, at 27 ppb, almost reached the same level as at the forest station (30 ppb). Mass flow densities as a function of wind direction, diurnal courses, differences between weekdays and weekends and comparisons with air quality standards are presented for the lake station.     

SO2-4/TiO2对SO2-C7H16-TiO2复相光化学反应的影响

研究了TiO2与SO2,C7H16复相光化学反应的光催化活性.在SO2-C7H16-O2-TiO2光催化反应过程中,TiO2表面可形成SO2-4/TiO2结构,它的存在可提高庚烷的光催化氧化速率,利用IR和XPS研究了反应过程中TiO2表面形成的SO2-4/TiO2结构.