黑曲霉对水溶性染料的吸附研究

用黑曲霉对6种水溶性染料废水进行吸附脱色,当染料质量浓度为100mg／L时,6种染料废水的脱色率均达到88％以上。对培养液的光谱分析表明,染料废水的脱色是由吸附引起的。考察了氮碳源种类、碳源浓度、培养基pH和染料浓度对染料废水吸附脱色效果的影响。结果表明,（NH4）2SO4和葡萄糖是较好的氮碳源,葡萄糖质量浓度为2．5～10．0g／L时,随着其质量浓度的增加,脱色率增加;当染料质量浓度为50～200mg／L时,随着其质量浓度的增加,脱色率下降;pH对脱色率有一定的影响,但pH为4～9时,脱色率均较高。对吸附了染料的菌体进行解吸,发现甲醇是较好的解吸溶剂。     

杂色云芝对2种染料的脱色条件研究

比较了2种不同液体限氮培养基中杂色云芝对酸性品红和亚甲基蓝的脱色效果,确定了最佳接种量。优化出的基本参数为T=34℃、进料浓度200mg/L、pH=4.5。实验结果表明:杂色云芝对进水的酸碱度具有很强的适应性,从pH2.5到10.5比较宽的区间内保持了比较稳定的高脱色率,这一点对于工程应用具有实际意义。     

新型阳离子絮凝剂KD-1在活性印染废水处理中的应用研究

以双氰胺、甲醛为主要原料,以硫酸铝为催化剂并引入添加剂合成了新型阳离子絮凝剂双氰胺甲醛树脂(KD1)。报道了用KD1对以活性染料为主要成分的印染废水进行混凝脱色试验。结果表明,用KD1处理以活性染料为主要成分的印染废水,其CODCr去除率≥80%,脱色率≥98%。该絮凝剂对降低废水中的化学需氧量和色度方面具有显著的效果。     

微生物在含染料废水处理中的应用

印染和染料废水属于难处理工业废水.常规的物化方法费用大,产生污泥多,使用不普遍.生物法克服了这些缺点,正受到越来越多的关注,其中关于微生物的脱色能力有不少研究报告.利用微生物进行染料脱色和降解被认为是去除这些污染物的经济有效的方法.真菌,细菌和藻类均可以降解部分染料,特别是白腐真菌P.chrysosporium的脱色能力有了大量的研究结果.本文综合了最近几年真菌,细菌和藻类在染料废水脱色降解中作用的研究成果,并据此初步分析了染料降解机理和部分影响因素.     

海绵铁感应热固定床对染料废水脱色研究

感应热固定床(IHBF)在有机废水非均相反应中,通过能量靶向作用于磁性滤料微界面,形成固液相界面高温微反应区,实现了有机废水低能耗高效降解.本文探讨了海绵铁感应热固定床处理直接紫D-BL废水的运行条件和机理.结果表明,在进水pH值6~7,水温为30 ℃,HRT为2.08min的条件下,运行30min后脱色率高达93.5%.降解溶液的UV-vis结果表明,直接紫D-BL在554nm和220nm的特征峰消失.通过SEM-EDS技术对Ni-SI降解前后的样品进行表征,结果显示,降解后Ni-SI中的Fe形成了Fe的氧化物和氢氧化物.根据降解、表征分析其反应机理,推断是直接紫D-BL首先吸附在海绵铁颗粒表面,接着铁与水反应产生的H2在Ni的催化和局部高温作用下产生大量的氢自由基,并与直接紫D-BL发生催化还原反应,使得分子中最毒性的共轭双键和苯环断开而降解.此外对酸性黑10B废水、直接大红D-GLN废水和实际染料废水分别进行试验,脱色率分别达到82%、78%、81%左右,表明海绵铁感应热固定床在染料工业废水处理中具有良好的应用潜力.     

花状软锰矿的超声合成及其对亚甲基蓝的脱色性能

首次通过操作简便成本低廉的超声方法合成花状软锰矿(MWs).采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及能量散布分析仪(EDS)等测试手段对其结构和形貌进行表征.研究了MWs对偶氮染料亚甲基蓝(MB)的脱色性能,考察pH值、反应时间、MWs投加量以及MB初始浓度等影响因子对脱色效果影响.结果表明,MWs对MB具有优良的脱色性能,90min达到近100%的脱色率,无需使用H2O2或者UV灯和超声等其它辅助设备,这明显优于其他催化剂,如Mn3O4/H2O2需3h达到99.7%最大脱色率、ZnS/CdS在光照下需6h最大脱色率仅为73%、硫改性的TiO2光照下需4h才能达到近100%的脱色率.     

微电解-H/O-生物接触氧化工艺处理染料废水

某染料厂采用微电解-H/O-生物接触氧化组合工艺处理染料废水。工程设计规模为高浓度有机废水30 m3/d、低浓度有机废水70 m3/d,运行结果表明,该工艺处理效果良好,出水ρ(COD)≤100 mg/L,ρ(苯胺)≤1 mg/L,色度≤50倍,ρ(氨氮)≤15 mg/L,pH为6～9,达GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》一级标准。     

Adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution by chemically treated water hyacinth

Water hyacinth (WH), an aquatic plant macrophyte, was investigated for its ability to perform as a suitable adsorbent for methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. The non-living biomass of WH was subjected to several chemical treatments, namely, washing with hot water, washing with hot dilute HCl, soaking in NaOH, soaking in HNO₃, and sulfonation. The system variables studied also include pH and MB concentration. The Langmuir isotherm was found to represent the measured adsorption data well except for WH soaked in NaOH, which was found to be better represented by the Freundlich isotherm. Values of the dimensionless separation factor, K _R, indicated that the adsorption systems in this study are all favorable. Values of the first layer of adsorption were calculated by the non-linear multilayer adsorption model, and the specific surface area values were found to be high and comparable to commercially activated carbons.     

Removal of Janus Green dye from aqueous solutions using oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were oxidized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The adsorption characteristics of the oxidized MWCNT adsorbent were examined using Janus Green (JG) as adsorbate. In batch tests, the effects of pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, and temperature were studied. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 56 mg g^?1. The experimental data were fitted to the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Tempkin isotherm models, the first one being the most appropriate. Kinetic analysis showed that adsorption was most accurately represented by a pseudo-second-order model.