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81.
Scale,context, and decision making in agricultural adaptation to climate variability and change 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Risbey James Kandlikar Milind Dowlatabadi Hadi Graetz Dean 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》1999,4(2):137-165
This work presents a framework for viewing agricultural adaptation, emphasizing the multiple spatial and temporal scales on which individuals and institutions process information on changes in their environment. The framework is offered as a means to gain perspective on the role of climate variability and change in agricultural adaptation, and developed for a case study of Australian agriculture. To study adaptation issues at the scale of individual farms we developed a simple modelling framework. The model highlights the decision making element of adaptation in light of uncertainty, and underscores the importance of decision information related to climate variability. Model results show that the assumption of perfect information for farmers systematically overpredicts adaptive performance. The results also suggest that farmers who make tactical planting decisions on the basis of historical climate information are outperformed by those who use even moderately successful seasonal forecast information. Analysis at continental scales highlights the prominent role of the decline in economic operating conditions on Australian agriculture. Examples from segments of the agricultural industry in Australia are given to illustrate the importance of appropriate scale attribution in adapting to environmental changes. In particular, adaptations oriented toward short time scale changes in the farming environment (droughts, market fluctuations) can be limited in their efficacy by constraints imposed by broad changes in the soil/water base and economic environment occuring over longer time scales. The case study also makes the point that adaptation must be defined in reference to some goal, which is ultimately a social and political exercise. Overall, this study highlights the importance of allowing more complexity (limited information, risk aversion, cross-scale interactions, mis-attribution of cause and effect, background context, identification of goals) in representing adaptation processes in climate change studies. 相似文献
82.
论江西省农业可持续发展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文在论述持续农业提出的背景及其内函和意义的前提下,分析了江西目前存在的主要农业生态环境问题,提出了江西农业持续发展的6条对策和措施,对江西持续农业的发展具有指导意义,同时对南方有关省市具参考价值。 相似文献
83.
On the study of ecosystem health:state of the art 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
IntroductionDuringlastdecades,theterm“ecosystemhealth”isusedwithincreasingfrequencyintheliterature.Thegrowinginterestsinthestu... 相似文献
84.
洱海轮虫及其与生态环境的关系 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
报道了洱海轮虫的种类组成、区系特点、数量、生物量及其分布规律,分析了轮虫的分布与生态环境的关系,揭示出洱海轮虫的分布特征及其影响其动态的主要因子. 相似文献
85.
The lessons of history indicate that mismanagement of natural resources and the environment often leads to potentially adverse consequences.The increasing interest in economic development,particularly in the developing countries of the world coupled with increasing population pressures and the globalization of economic activity is placing noticeable stresses on the ultimate sustainability of both human and environmental systems.Sustainable development is not a new concept.It has been an area of concern for different elements of society for some time.Yet efforts to understand the implications of sustainable development have not,until recently,been formalized.We have focused singularly on economic development and environmental quality as if they were mutually exclusive.This paper focuses on the concept of concurrency as both a conceptual framework and practicable method of understanding and implementing the ecology and economy of sustainability. 相似文献
86.
铁路建设对动物生态行为的影响与控制策略 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
从动物生境的破坏与污染两方面分析了铁路建设对动物生态行为的影响,并从铁路的路线选择、防噪减噪、设置动物通道、加强管理等方面论述了其控制对策。 相似文献
87.
太湖水资源状况与和长江三角洲的经济发展关系极大。多年来,人为对太湖资源的破坏使本来就很脆弱的生态环境不堪重负。应尽快建立有权威的管理机构,制定高起点,高标准,高科技,高效益的综合开发治理总体规则,使太湖明珠重放光彩。 相似文献
88.
介绍了葫芦岛市生态环境现状及主要问题,分析了各种生态问题产生的原因,阐述了保护和建设生态环境的主要对策。 相似文献
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