基于同步辐射光源的X射线荧光分析技术研究匐枝青藓对铅污染的生物响应

为了研究苔藓植物对铅元素的富集特征和对铅污染的生物响应特性,选用多年生、植株体较大、分布广泛且易于采集的匐枝青藓(Brachythecium procumbens)为试验材料,在试验区使用不同浓度(0-3.0 mmol·L-1的Pb2+污染液对人工栽植的匐枝青藓进行了动态胁迫试验(7-28d).使用同步辐射光源的x射线...     

省辖市辐射事故应急预警机制之我见

目前放射性同位素在我国各领域广泛应用,为及时有效的控制放射性事故,保障公众身体健康和生命安全．避免发生群体性恐慌事件,省辖市环保部门应制定完善的辐射事故应急预譬机制。     

新型超宽带全向线天线的设计与分析

设计了一种新型超宽带全向线天线,采用交叉闭合金属线增强了天线的全向辐射特性,提出了一种小半球加载的天线结构,有效改善了阻抗匹配特性。采用CST软件建立天线模型,进行仿真和优化,并制作实物,进行了性能测试。结果显示,天线在0.45～28.4 GHz频带内,驻波系数小于2,且在全工作频带内方向图稳定,具有良好的水平全向辐射特性。该新型超宽带全向线天线在电磁环境监测等领域具有一定的应用价值。     

地下建筑内部环境天然辐射强度监测分析

地下建筑具有重要的民用价值和军事用途,但其内部环境中的天然辐射可能危害人体健康。用多功能辐射测量仪对不同类型的地下建筑进行监测后,经分析发现:地下建筑内部环境中的天然辐射强度总体低于室外地面和地上层室内,这种规律与以往研究结果有所不同;在人员年工作时间正常的情况下,地下建筑内部环境中的天然辐射剂量不超过标准限值1mSv/a,对身体健康无损伤效应,可进行工作和军事活动;但在工作时间足够长的情况下,辐射剂量会超过标准限值1mSv/a,存在年有效剂量超标风险,可能对人体造成损伤,需要在开展工作和军事活动过程中采取防护措施,以确保安全。     

Heat loss analysis: An approach toward the revival of parabolic dish type solar cooker

Present work investigates a noble approach toward the heat loss analysis of parabolic dish type solar cooker. Various experiments have been done on cooking pot to get the input parameter for calculation purposes. Cooking pot was kept at the focus of a parabolic dish type concentrator and repeated experiments have been done to measure solar radiation intensity (direct and Indirect) using a pyrometer, temperature at the focus of parabolic dish using a thermocouple and air velocity using hot wire anemometer to investigate the heat losses from the cooking pot. In the present article, a numerical approach has been performed to define the new parameter called performance index of the cooking pot which decides how the useful energy of working fluid inside the cooking pot approaches concentration ratio of the parabolic dish type solar cooker. The present analysis shows that the performance index varies from 15.45 to 17.66 and efficiency varies from 85.83% to 98.10% with the time of the day.     

电磁辐射设施应用与环境水平关系研究——以四川广播电视塔为例

为掌握四川广播电视塔所产生的电磁辐射对公众的影响,本文分析了位于成都市区的四川广播电视塔的辐射特征,根据相关规范制定了监测方案,并进行了射频综合电场监测。通过分析不同方向和高度的监测结果,归纳电磁辐射设施应用与电磁环境水平之间的关系,得出了四川广播电视塔周围公众居留位置处电磁辐射满足国家标准的结论。     

多普勒气象雷达电磁辐射影响水平分析

通过对多普勒气象雷达的电磁辐射原理和特点进行分析,并对实际建成运行的雷达进行详细的地面、高程断面测试,依据实际测试的数据结果,分析论证新型多普勒气象雷达的电磁辐射影响大小、范围及影响水平。     

模拟环境传热性能试验室的研制

试验室由室外、室内构成,外室由空气处理机组模拟户外气候环境,内室配置温度、湿度、风速、热流计等传感器,测量由模拟空气调节器发出的热量,以对流和辐射的方式通过被测件传递到室外的能力。适用欧标、美标和国标试验要求。试验室用于测试各种部件和整体构件的环境传热性能,以减少空调能耗,提高节能水平。     

器件温度测试的影响因素

本文从器件用热像仪的测温过程、常用公式出发,针对测温条件进行了探讨,对公式里面的指数n的取值进行了推算。认为n可取4,但常数C和指数n的取值与波长范围和温度范围有关,要匹配。同时对IC温度分布的精确测量条件也进行了总结。     

Do Energy‐Based PET Models Require More Input Data than Temperature‐Based Models? — An Evaluation at Four Humid FluxNet Sites

It is well established that wet environment potential evapotranspiration (PET) can be reliably estimated using the energy budget at the canopy or land surface. However, in most cases the necessary radiation measurements are not available and, thus, empirical temperature‐based PET models are still widely used, especially in watershed models. Here we question the presumption that empirical PET models require fewer input data than more physically based models. Specifically, we test whether the energy‐budget‐based Priestley‐Taylor (P‐T) model can reliably predict daily PET using primarily air temperature to estimate the radiation fluxes and associated parameters. This method of calculating PET requires only daily minimum and maximum temperature, day of the year, and latitude. We compared PET estimates using directly measured radiation fluxes to PET calculated from temperature‐based radiation estimates at four humid AmeriFlux sites. We found good agreement between P‐T PET calculated from measured radiation fluxes and P‐T PET determined via air temperature. In addition, in three of the four sites, the temperature‐based radiation approximations had a stronger correlation with measured evapotranspiration (ET) during periods of maximal ET than fully empirical Hargreaves, Hamon and Oudin methods. Of the three fully empirical models, the Hargreaves performed the best. Overall, the results suggest that daily PET estimates can be made using a physically based approach even when radiation measurements are unavailable.