Physicochemical characterization of industrial effluents and their effect on fish survival

Abstract

Water samples taken from selected industrial drainages and receiving streams in and around Islamabad, Pakistan, during the summers of 1987 to 1990 showed disturbances in pH and low oxygen levels. Selected metals (Fe, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, Ni, Hg) were higher in all effluents than in receiving waters. Static bioassays of the undiluted industrial effluents from three sites caused 100% mortality in carp during the first 24 hrs. Fishes also suffered 30 to 60% mortality when exposed to other undiluted industrial effluents and some mortality when industrial effluents were diluted by 50%.     

大型复杂电子系统电子元器件选用与管理方法研究

电子元器件是组成电子系统的最小单元,电子元器件的选用与管理是电子系统设计中最关键的一步,也是系统质量和可靠性的基础。本文从电子元器件管理架构、电子元器件的优选以及进口电子元器件的选用控制等方面提出了一套大型复杂电子系统电子元器件选用与管理方法,以加强和规范系统电子元器件的管理和选用,提高大型复杂电子系统的质量和可靠性。     

电子产品高加速应力筛选的应用探讨

本文论述了电子产品高加速应力筛选试验的流程和方法,包括高加速应力筛选试验剖面设计和筛选验证等,并将该试验方法在某机载惯导产品进行了应用。这一方法对于其他机载电子产品的高加速筛选工作有一定的指导意义。     

ALT在电子产品中的应用分析

加速寿命试验是预测产品可靠性的重要方法,在实践中得以广泛应用。本文简要分析加速寿命试验的原理,并探讨它在电子产品中的应用。     

Fungal biodegradation of CCA-treated wood and removal of its metal components

In the present study, 5 isolates of brown-rot fungi were used for fungal bioprocessing (FB) of chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated wood wastes: Antrodia vaillantii SEL8501, Fomitopsis palustris TYP0507 and TYP6137, and Crustoderma sp. KUC8065 and KUC8611. The isolates showed notable capacity for the degradation of treated wood and removal of CCA components via the American Wood Protection Association soil block test. Among them, Crustoderma sp. KUC8611 effectively decayed the treated wood, causing a mass loss of up to 60%. F. palustris caused extensive leaching of CrO₃ of up to 79% and As₂O₅ of up to 87%, but only moderate leaching of CuO of up to 50%. This high capacity for removal of CrO₃ and As₂O₅ showed a strong logarithmic relationship with the amount of oxalic acid produced in the decayed wood. The majority of metals removed from treated wood during the decay process were deposited in the soil and feeder strip. Further investigation will be required to establish the capability of selected fungi for FB of full-sized lumber treated with CCA.     

企业实施循环经济的战略探讨

本文从循环经济的原则出发,根据国际实践以及中国实行循环经济的实际情况,提出了企业实现循环经济发展的四种战略：清洁生产和全过程污染控制战略、企业生产者责任延伸战略、产业链拓展战略和废弃物综合利用战略,为企业进行循环经济建设提供一定的指导和参考作用。     

现代战场电磁环境与电磁屏蔽技术

现代战场电磁环境日益恶劣,对武器装备造成了严重的危害.着重介绍了静电放电、雷电及电磁脉冲武器等电磁环境的特点及其对武器装备的危害,并简要介绍了电子装备电磁屏蔽的常用方法和需要注意的问题.     

Eco-Efficiency of Electric and Electronic Appliances: A Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)

Several papers have studied the eco-efficiency of manufacturing systems to address strategic socioeconomic issues in the context of sustainability analysis. Their goal has been to take into account not only environmental impact aspects throughout the whole life cycle but also to incorporate the associated economic value as well, thus, giving a comprehensive vision of both factors. This paper focuses on different commonplace household electric appliances, comparing their eco-efficiency computed using a data envelopment analysis model. We consider the retail price as a measure of the product’s economic value and the ecopoint LCA score as the assessment of its environmental impact. We conclude that cell phones and the bulky analyzed appliances have the highest eco-efficiency scores, whereas the rest would require a more environmentally friendly redesign and/or an increase in their perceived value to improve their eco-efficiency.     

液态锂铅合金残渣中微量氚的回收

氚提取的系统设计中,如何严格限制氚损失和减小其辐射风险是非常重要的问题.利用同位素交换法对模拟液态锂铅合金残渣中的微量氚进行回收.研究结果表明,同位素交换法对液态锂铅合金残渣中的氚回收是有效的;交换载带气的最佳组成为He 0.1% D2.载带气相同时,交换温度和交换次数对渣中氚的回收率有显著影响.温度越高、交换次数越多,氚回收率越高;823 K时,经过6次交换后的氚回收率接近80%.此外,依据气体与液态金属接触的动力学数学模型,推导出了锂铅合金滞留氚量释放的数学近似表达式.     

我国危险废物经营单位监测中的技术问题和建议

根据2007—2013年对持环保部发证的危险废物经营单位开展监督性监测的实际情况和工作经验,从关注焚烧企业的二口恶英监测、加强危险废物企业日常监测、开展危险废物鉴别技术方法研究等方面,探讨我国危险废物监测技术上现存的主要问题和发展方向,对今后全国各省自行组织危险废物许可证的审核和监督性监测等相关工作给出了建议。