极端严寒地区湿法烟气脱硫系统的设计

通过实例,介绍了如何通过设计优化,使湿法烟气脱硫系统(FGD)在我国北方极端严寒地区的脱硫工程中得到稳定、可靠的运行.     

Are soil conservation technologies “win‐win?” A case study of Anjeni in the north‐western Ethiopian highlands

This study measures the impact of fanya juu terraces on the net value of crop income in a high‐rainfall area in the Ethiopian highlands using cross‐sectional multiple plot observations. Using propensity score matching methods we find that the net value of crop income for plots with fanya juu terraces is lower than for plots without fanya juu terraces. This finding makes it difficult to avoid concluding that while the technologies might reduce soil erosion and associated off‐site effects, they do so at the expense of poor farmers in the Ethiopian highlands. Therefore, fanya juu terraces cannot be characterized as a “win‐win” measure to reduce soil erosion. New agricultural technologies need to be profitable to the farmer if they are to be adopted and sustained.     

Ecological niche modeling of customary medicinal plant species used by Australian Aborigines to identify species-rich and culturally valuable areas for conservation

Customary medicinal plant species used by Australian Aborigines are disappearing rapidly with its associated knowledge, due to the loss of habitats. Conservation and protection of these species is important as they represent sources of novel therapeutic phytochemical compounds and are culturally valuable. Information on the spatial distribution and use of customary medicinal plants is often inadequate and fragmented, posing limitations on the identification and conservation of species-rich areas and culturally valuable habitats.In this study, the habitat suitability modeling program, MaxEnt, was used to predict the potential ecological niches of 431 customary medicinal plant species, based on bioclimatic variables. Specimen locality records were obtained from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal and from Australia's Virtual Herbarium (AVH).Ecological niche models of 414 predicted species, which had 30 or more occurrence points, were used to produce maps indicating areas that were ecologically suitable for multiple species (concordance of high predicted ecological suitability) and having cultural values. For the concordance map, individual species niche models were thresholded and summed. To derive a map of culturally valuable areas, customary medicinal uses from Customary Medicinal Knowledgebase (CMKb) (www.biolinfo.org/cmkb) were used to weight individual species models, resulting in a value within each grid cell reflecting its cultural worth.Even though the available information is scarce and fragmented, our approach provides an opportunity to infer areas predicted to be suitable for multiple species (i.e. concordance hotspots) and to estimate the cultural value of a particular geographical area. Our results also indicate that to conserve bio-cultural diversity, comprehensive information and active participation of Aboriginal communities is indispensable.     

鼎湖山南亚热带森林生态系统服务价值动态

以鼎湖山3个南亚热带森林演替典型阶段生态系统为对象,采用我国《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》（LY/T 1721—2008）标准化计算公式与服务价格,量化揭示南亚热带森林生态系统演替过程中生态系统服务功能价值动态。结果表明：随着演替的进行,南亚热带森林生态系统服务功能总价值不断增大;但各分项服务功能价值则表现出不同的动态规律与变化幅度,从而使得森林生态系统服务结构呈现非线性演化特征。在南亚热带森林生态系统演替的早期阶段,生态系统服务价值的最大组分是涵养水源的功能价值,而中、后期则是保育土壤。人工林营造可以有效增强区域生态系统的水源涵养能力,而保育演替中、后期森林则对于大气CO2收和土壤保育而言尤为重要。     

遥感法与高怠速法尾气排放状况对照检测试验研究

募集100辆点燃式发动机在用汽车进行遥感法和高怠速法尾气排放对照检测试验。结果表明,多数车辆CO遥测值比高怠速值大,HC则相反。通过对高怠速值(y)与遥测值(x)进行回归分析,得到CO的回归方程为y=0.81x+453.03,t检验显示方程具有线性(α=0.10)。如果将两种方法配合使用,可以有效提高机动车尾气排放日常管理的效果。     

Study on Human Capital Valve Quantity Model and Investment Featuers

Human capital, the most active and valuable element ofproductivity, is the primary drive and crucial factor in thegrowth and development of modern regional economy.However, because of many different meanings about theconception of human capital and the complexity of itsevaluation, the measure and calculation of human capitalhas become a difficult problem. As yet, there is neither acommon measure means of human capital nor enoughcognition of its investment features.1 HUMAN CAPITAL VALUE …     

VALUING ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF CHILEAN TEMPERATE RAINFORESTS

The Valdivian Rainforest Ecoregion (35°–48° S) in southern South America is among the ecosystems with highest conservation priority worldwide due to its rich diversity, degree of endemism, and critical conservation status. Temperate rainforests in this vast area are essential as source of biological resources and to maintain different ecosystem services which remain largely unmeasured and unvalued. Consequently, the benefits they provide are not reflected in decision-making regarding forest management and conservation. Based on existing studies and results from ongoing research we describe selected ecosystem services and provide estimates of their economic value. Timber benefits for secondary forests expressed as net present stumpage values were US$ 3742 ha⁻¹ and US$ 3093 ha⁻¹ for sustainable forest management (SFM) and unsustainable harvesting, respectively. Timber benefits for old growth forests␣equaled US$ 4546 ha⁻¹ and US$ 5718 ha⁻¹, for SFM and unsustainable harvesting, respectively, using an 8% discount rate. Annual benefits from recreation were US$ 1.6 ha⁻¹ and US$ 6.3 ha⁻¹ for the two most important national parks located in the study area. The annual value of maintaining soil fertility was US$ 26.3 ha⁻¹ using the replacement cost of nutrient losses due to soil erosion. The annual economic value of water supply for human consumption using the production function method was US$ 235 ha⁻¹. These results provide valuable information on the kind and magnitude of values that could be relevant in decision-making concerning conservation and management of native forests in the Valdivian Rainforest Ecoregion.     

山东苍山MS5.2地震泰安石英倾斜仪异常分析

利用矢量曲线、γ因子等方法识别苍山ＭＳ５．２地震前泰安石英倾斜仪的前兆异常。分析认为：ＳＱ—７０石英倾斜仪反映出一定的地形变异常信息。     

遗产廊道旅游价值评价体系构建及其应用研究——以古运河江苏段为例

遗产廊道是目前保护线性文化遗产的一种新趋势。我国拥有丰富的线性文化遗产，准确地评价其旅游价值，对于有效保护和合理开发利用文化遗产资源，具有重要意义。本文基于遗产廊道自身的特殊性和整体性，尝试从廊道资源条件、区域社会条件、廊道生境条件和旅游保障条件及发展潜力等方面建立遗产廊道旅游价值评价指标体系，旨在从廊道整体效应出发评价其旅游价值。并运用层次分析法（AHP）和德尔非法（Delphi）相结合的方法，确定指标体系各因子的权重。并以古运河江苏段为例进行实证研究。评价结果与古运河江苏段实际情况基本吻合，说明本文构建的评价指标体系具有一定的科学性和可信度。     

论可持续发展的资源辩证系统观

本文较为系统地论述了用辩证系统的观点发挥资源整体效益和功能的重要性，提出应该树立资源系统观、资源辩证观、资源层次观、资源发展观、资源动态平衡观、资源价值观、资源开放观和资源法制观