滇池风场的基本特征分析

采用滇池周围气象站和一期高密度的地面风观测资料，初步分析了不同季节滇池风场的基本特征和风场的日变化情况，并给出了滇池风场的4种环流型结构。即湖风环流型，陆风环流型，偏西风环流型和偏东风环流型。     

中心流场湿式除尘器的试验研究

中心流场湿式除尘器通过在筒体内设置导流百叶窗来减轻内涡旋 ,使除尘器的压力损失大大降低 ,同时在筒体上设两根进水管 ,采用湿式除尘 ,又提高了除尘器的除尘效率。本文介绍了该除尘器的结构特点、工作原理、试验台系统的设计以及主要性能的测试结果     

半无限体压入问题的流函数解法

对平冲头压入半无限体问题建立了流函数速度场,证明该场散度为零,旋度不为零,为管形场。采用上界定理对该速度场积分结果与滑移线结果一致,流线为一族曲线滑移线。     

氟化氢对水稻和青菜产量的影响

利用开顶式熏气装置,对水稻和青菜进行长时间的HF暴露试验。通过在熏气过程中对叶片电导率、含氟量和脯氨酸的分析比较,以及在熏气结束后对水稻穗数、千粒重和青菜鲜重的生物量统计测定,讨论和评价了HF对该作物产量的影响。     

佘山台地磁场长期变化基本特征

本文根据佘山台1900年~2004年地磁观测资料,对该地区F、H、Z、D地磁各要素长期变基本特征进行了分析总结,对深入研究地球基本磁场的变化有一定意义。     

佳木斯台形变观测对东北地区几次浅震"场兆"异常的探讨

大地震在主破裂前往往行成地壳变形,高应力作用下进入峰值后的变形阶段,反映到地倾斜观测日均值曲线上,表现为固体潮形变趋势异常,这些异常能否指示远距离的地震,近年来不少研究者发现,远场前兆往往出现在对应力、应变变化反应灵敏的特殊构造部位.佳木斯台可能处于这种特殊的构造部位,对东北地区浅源地震短期前兆异常"场兆"的趋势性变化具有一定的意义.     

Elements of a certification system for forestry-based carbon offset projects

Implementation of the Kyoto Protocol will require theestablishment of procedures for monitoring,verification and certification of carbon offsetprojects. In this paper, the steps required forindependent certification of forestry-based carbonoffset projects are reviewed, based on the proceduresused by the international certification companySociété Générale de Surveillance.Firstly, a project must be evaluated for itssuitability in relation to eligibility criteria of theKyoto Protocol. These eligibility criteria areclassified under four headings: (a) acceptability tohost country parties and international agreements; (b)additionality, in terms of demonstrated positivegreenhouse gas effects additional to the`business-as-usual' case; (c) externalities orunwanted side effects; and, (d) capacity to implementproject's activities. Secondly, the scientificmethodology for calculating the carbon offsets and themethodology for data collection and statisticalanalysis must be evaluated. Additionally, the amountof carbon offsets quantified must be adjusted toreflect the uncertainty associated with themethodology and data used. Only when these steps havebeen completed can carbon offsets be certified.Finally, the paper discusses the importance ofstandardization of methods and procedures used forproject monitoring and verification, and the need foraccreditation to ensure that the activities ofcertifiers are regulated.     

The Monitoring,Evaluation, Reporting and Verification of Climate Change Projects

Because of concerns with the growing threat of global climate change from increasing emissions of greenhouse gases, the United States and other countries are implementing, by themselves or in cooperation with one or more other nations, climate change projects. These projects will reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions or sequester carbon, and will also result in non-GHG benefits (i.e., environmental, economic, and social benefits). Monitoring, evaluating, reporting, and verifying (MERV) guidelines are needed for these projects to accurately determine their net GHG, and other, benefits. Implementation of MERV guidelines is also intended to: (1) increase the reliability of data for estimating GHG benefits; (2) provide real-time data so that mid-course corrections can be made; (3) introduce consistency and transparency across project types and reporters; and (4) enhance the credibility of the projects with stakeholders. In this paper, we review the issues involved in MERV activities. We identify several topics that future protocols and guidelines need to address, such as: (1) establishing a credible baseline; (2) accounting for impacts outside project boundaries through leakage; (3) net GHG reductions and other benefits; (4) precision of measurement; (5) MERV frequency and the persistence (sustainability) of savings, emissions reduction, and carbon sequestration; (6) reporting by multiple project participants; (7) verification of GHG reduction credits; (8) uncertainty and risk; (9) institutional capacity in conducting MERV; and (10) the cost of MERV.     

Deep Geological CO2 Storage: Principles Reviewed, and Prospecting for Bio-energy Disposal Sites

The principles of hydrocarbon exploration and production provide well-established and tested principles and technologies to investigate storage of fluids in the subsurface. CO₂ can be stored in the subsurface using settings of: (A) thick permeable coal seams; (B) depleted oil and gas fields; (C) saline aquifers of regional extent, with an overlying seal. The North Sea Sleipner project shows that CO₂ can be injected into the pore space of deep geological aquifers deeper than 800 m at 1 Mt/yr, using established technology. Suitable sediment sequences of saline aquifers exist in all hydrocarbon-producing areas, are volumetrically much larger than exploited oil and gas fields, and hold the potential to easily store all worldwide CO₂ emissions until 2050. Geological principles are established to assess entire continents for candidate sites of CO₂ storage. This shows that opportunity may be widespread, but needs more specific local investigations. Onshore sub-Saharan Africa is considered the most problematic region – but even here there are potentially viable sediment sequences. No demonstration projects currently exist for CO₂ capture and storage using small-scale onshore facilities. A simple estimate, assuming CO₂ value of $20 per ton, suggests that single boreholes onshore may be viable over 20 years with supply rates of 100,000 ton CO₂ per year. In principle, atmospheric CO₂ could be captured by cultivated biomass, and co-fired in existing power stations. Or energy crops could be grown, CO₂ to be used, and stored deep below ground, in a country distant from an original fossil-fuel CO₂ emission site.     

浙东南地球物理场和基底构造

利用地球物理参数块体填图并结合地表资料,推断浙东南中生代火山岩覆盖层下的中深部构造特征:变质基底呈东西向展布,为早元古代华夏板块的一部分。其后,发展为浙西钱塘裂陷槽、华夏古陆和沿海裂隙槽,进而形成巨形花岗岩环、中生代酸性火山岩以及沿NW向深断裂活动的双峰式火山岩。现尚处于脉动式裂解,蠕散的初级阶段。因此,构造活动非常活跃。