杭州市生态补偿机制的实践

建立生态补偿机制已成为社会共识,各级政府就开展生态补偿进行了多种形式的探索与实践,流域下游地区对上游地区予以适当经济补偿作为解决区域之间社会经济失衡、保护流域水资源生态安全问题的重要手段和迫切需要。本文综述了杭州市生态补偿机制,主要分析了生态补偿专项资金的实践效果及现存问题,并提出进一步完善的对策措施,旨在对中国生态补偿机制的建立和完善提供借鉴。     

高效液相色谱法测定茶叶和土壤中的氟

建立了测定氟的高效液相色谱法,并通过加入三乙胺使Ｆ－Ｌａ＾３＋－苯素氨羧络合剂体系更稳定。Ｃ１８柱,甲醇－水（１８：８２）作流动相,流速为１ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ,检测波长为５６６ｎｍ,本法线性范围为０．０１０－１．０μｇ／ｍｌ,相关系数为０．９９１,检出限为１ｎｇ／ｍｌ,用于茶叶和土壤样品测定时,相对标准偏差为４．６％－７．３％,加标回收率为９１％￣１０４％。     

反硝化型甲烷厌氧氧化(DAMO)系统pH值耦合模型研究

对3个具有不同优势菌种反应器中厌氧氧化(DAMO)过程与pH值进行动力学耦合,结果表明,在25℃,Anammox-DAMO混培系统最大脱氮速率、硝酸盐初始抑制浓度和铵盐初始抑制浓度分别为3.95mg/(L·d),182.63,196.40mg/L;Nitrate-DAMO系统最大脱氮速率、硝酸盐初始抑制浓度分别为4.3...     

冲击载荷作用下某型气囊缓冲性能影响研究

目的 研究冲击载荷作用下排气孔面积及初始缓冲时刻对某型气囊缓冲性能的影响.方法 采用MIMICS软件,并结合LS-Prepost软件,建立髋骨-气囊-地面有限元模型,利用LS-DYNA软件对气囊的缓冲过程进行仿真计算,得到缓冲过程中该模型的动力学响应结果.通过分析髋骨模型受力及气囊状态的变化,探讨排气孔面积及初始接触时...     

Evaluation of activated sludge properties’ changes in industrial-wastewater pre-treatment: role of residual aluminum hydrolyzed species with different polymerization degree

● Medium poly Al salts dominated the PAC residual salts with a rational dosage. ● Settlement flocculation effect under medium poly Al salts showed a better trend. ● Complex of medium poly Al salts and enzymes promoted cell activity. ● Medium poly Al salts were beneficial to the effluent indexes. With the widespread introduction of pre-coagulation prior to the biological unit in various industrial wastewater treatments, it is noteworthy that long-term accumulation of residual coagulants has certains effect on both micro and macro characteristics of activated sludge (AS). In this study, the morphology distributions of residual aluminum salts (RAS) and their effects on the removal efficiency of AS were investigated under different PAC concentrations. The results showed that the dominance of medium polymeric RAS, formed under an appropriate PAC dose of 20 mg/L enhanced the hydrophobicity, flocculation, and sedimentation performances of AS, as well as the enzymatic activity in cells in the sludge system, improving the main pollutants removal efficiency of the treatment system. Comparatively the species composition with monomer and dimer / high polymer RAS as the overwhelming parts under an over-dosed PAC concentration of 55 mg/L resulted in excessive secretion of EPS with loose flocs structure and conspicuous inhibition of cellular activity, leading to the deterioration of physico-chemical and biological properties of AS. Based on these findings, this study can shed light on the role of the RAS hydrolyzed species distributions, closely relevant to Al dosage, in affecting the comprehensive properties of AS and provide a theoretical reference for coagulants dosage precise control in the pretreatment of industrial wastewater.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定地表水中33种药物

采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(SPE-HPLC-MS/MS)建立了地表水中25种抗生素类药物和8种非抗生素类药物的分析方法。通过重点优化质谱参数、色谱条件、样品pH、洗脱溶剂组成及用量等确定了最佳分析条件。水样经过滤、固相萃取柱富集净化后,选择Shim-pack XR-ODS为色谱柱,以乙腈和0.2%甲酸-2 mmol/L乙酸铵-水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾电离源,在多反应监测模式下(MRM)分析测定,内标法定量。33种药物的仪器定量限为0.012～4.68 ng/L,方法检出限为0.011～7.60 ng/L,地表水加标回收率为53.7%～122%,相对标准偏差为1.22%～32.1%(n=6)。方法成功应用于北京市凉水河12个地表水样分析,共检出32种药物,检出质量浓度为未检出～239 ng/L。利托那韦(RTV)作为新型冠状病毒诊疗方案中推荐的药物在凉水河检出率为100%。     

浙江省沿海地区农村房屋抗风情况调研

对浙江省沿海地区的农村房屋抗风情况进行了调研,总结了被破坏房屋的主要结构特点。在对现有房屋的统计中发现相对不富裕地区高达60%以上的房屋属于抗风能力差和较差的,而一些比较富裕且受过台风袭击有过惨痛教训地区的房屋抗风能力差和较差的仅在20%以下。进一步研究发现抗风能力较好的房屋大都是建造年代不久,多为混凝土现浇板屋盖,上部多为框架或砖混结构,而抗风能力较差和差的大都为建造年代已久,多为小青瓦屋面,上部结构多为砖木结构或构造措施较差的砖混结构。同时对当地村民传统的"砖头压瓦"防护措施进行理论验算,得出当风速超过台风界限风速时,屋面上的砖头将会飞起,该措施应该避免。     

When leaders are forced to stay: The indirect effects of leaders' reluctant staying on subordinates' performance

Leaders who desire to leave the current organization are sometimes forced to stay. The leadership behaviors of these leaders are underexplored in the current literature. Building on proximal withdrawal states theory, this study examines two pathways through which leaders' reluctant staying mindset (i.e., desire but are unable to quit) relates to their subordinates' task performance and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB). One pathway proposes increased laissez-faire leadership behaviors due to leaders' lower intrinsic motivation; the second pathway proposes increased delegation behaviors due to leaders' higher extrinsic motivation. Using three-wave data collected from 100 leaders and 313 subordinates, we found that leaders' reluctant staying was indirectly and negatively associated with subordinates' task performance and OCB through leaders' lower perceptions of task significance and higher laissez-faire leadership behaviors. At the same time, leaders' reluctant staying increased their bottom-line mentality and delegation behaviors, but the indirect effects on subordinates' performance outcomes were not significant. We discuss the implications of our findings for theory, practices, and future research regarding how to manage leaders who stay reluctantly in the organization.     

袋式除尘器和静电除尘器在电厂除尘系统中运用的性能对比分析

针对目前火电厂除尘系统应用现状和当前环保要求,通过对袋式除尘器和静电除尘器在火电厂燃煤锅炉除尘系统中的应用,对袋式除尘器和静电除尘器在技术性能上的差异作了简单的对比分析,以指导除尘器在目前火电厂燃煤锅炉除尘系统中的具体应用。     

安全绩效研究综述

为探明安全绩效的研究方向,加强对安全绩效基础研究,从而为加强企业安全管理工作提供理论保障。从安全绩效的定义和范畴、安全绩效的评估、安全绩效影响因素的实证研究、安全绩效的提升等方面对国内外安全绩效相关研究进行论述和分析。提出以企业组织安全行为与员工安全行为作为研究的切入点;采用定性与定量相结合的方法;研究的重点应为更加注重过程的控制,注重安全行为的引导和安全文化的建设。