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排序方式: 共有102条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
好氧颗粒污泥的形成过程、形成机理及相关研究 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5
利用SBR和优势混合菌对造纸废水进行处理,在此过程中驯化出好氧颗粒污泥,对好氧颗粒污泥的形成过程、形成机制等进行研究发现,好氧颗粒污泥的形成经历了细菌增殖、絮状体形成、絮状体聚合、凝絮体形成和好氧颗粒污泥形成五个阶段;其形成至少有菌丝缠绕、小块污泥互相联合、吸附和连接四种机制。优势混合菌的加入,是好氧颗粒污泥之所以能够形成的关键因素。 相似文献
32.
TARCISO C. C. LEÃO CARLOS R. FONSECA CARLOS A. PERES MARCELO TABARELLI 《Conservation biology》2014,28(5):1349-1359
Understanding how plant life history affects species vulnerability to anthropogenic disturbances and environmental change is a major ecological challenge. We examined how vegetation type, growth form, and geographic range size relate to extinction risk throughout the Brazilian Atlantic Forest domain. We used a database containing species‐level information of 6,929 angiosperms within 112 families and a molecular‐based working phylogeny. We used decision trees, standard regression, and phylogenetic regression to explore the relationships between species attributes and extinction risk. We found a significant phylogenetic signal in extinction risk. Vegetation type, growth form, and geographic range size were related to species extinction risk, but the effect of growth form was not evident after phylogeny was controlled for. Species restricted to either rocky outcrops or scrub vegetation on sandy coastal plains exhibited the highest extinction risk among vegetation types, a finding that supports the hypothesis that species adapted to resource‐limited environments are more vulnerable to extinction. Among growth forms, epiphytes were associated with the highest extinction risk in non‐phylogenetic regression models, followed by trees, whereas shrubs and climbers were associated with lower extinction risk. However, the higher extinction risk of epiphytes was not significant after correcting for phylogenetic relatedness. Our findings provide new indicators of extinction risk and insights into the mechanisms governing plant vulnerability to extinction in a highly diverse flora where human disturbances are both frequent and widespread. Predicción del Riesgo de Extinción de Angiospermas del Bosque Atlántico Brasileño 相似文献
33.
为充分发挥豆科植物在生态恢复与重建中的作用,调查了贵州省境内石漠化部分地区的野生多花木蓝根瘤资源.结果表明:隶属于干热河谷南亚热带季雨林生态区的野生多花木蓝根瘤菌及内生细菌资源较为丰富;野生多花木蓝的共生结瘤率只达50%左右,根瘤全部着生于寄主的侧根及须根上,大小可达0.5~3.0mm;12株根瘤菌分布在6个属10个种,其中慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)的分布频率最高41.67%,慢生根瘤菌属的B.japonicum和伯克霍尔德菌属Burkholderia bacterium的发生频率最高16.67%;16株根瘤内生细菌分布在4个属11个种,其中芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)的分布频率最高43.75%,芽孢杆菌属的B.megaterium的发生频率最高31.25%. 相似文献
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35.
报道了中国环境管理干部学院(下称中环院)校园内15种河北省新记录植物:心叶喜林芋、裂叶喜林芋、水鬼蕉、紫背竹芋、佛手掌、白花含笑、胶州卫矛、白粉藤、灰莉、阿拉伯婆婆纳、母草、菜豆树、鸡矢藤、钻叶紫菀、香丝草。 相似文献
36.
井冈山猴头杜鹃群落特征的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以井冈山猴头杜鹃(Rhododendron simiarum)群落5个样地调查资料为基础,对该群落的物种组成、区系成分、群落结构和物种多样性进行了研究,结果表明:群落有维管植物30科43属50种,其中蕨类植物有5科6属6种,裸子植物4科4属4种,被子植物21科33属40种。区系分析显示该植物区系起源古老,地理成分复杂,以热带性成分为主,温带性成分占有一定的比例。群落为复层异龄结构,猴头杜鹃、甜槠(Castanopsis eyrei)、福建柏(Fokienia hodginsii)、台湾松(Pinus taiwanensis)、薯豆(Elaeocarpus japonicus)和白豆杉(Pseudotaxus chienii)为群落的建群种。除Pielou指数外,群落物种多样性指数较低,各样地间多样性指数测值变幅较大;测度猴头杜鹃群落物种多样性时,各种多样性指数基本表现出相同的趋势;总体来看,猴头杜鹃群落物种多样性在群落不同层次的变化规律为:灌木层〉乔木层〉草本层。 相似文献
37.
The size of Larus schistisagus nesting colony on Shelikan Island (8 ha in area) has increased from 2000 to 6000 pairs over 18 years. Today, this is the largest colony in the Sea of Okhotsk. The growth of the bird population has entailed catastrophic deterioration of the plant cover accompanied by a decrease in the species diversity of vascular plants: more than one-third of plant species recorded on the island in 1986 have already disappeared, and the establishment of several new plant species cannot compensate for this loss. If the size of the colony increases further, woody vegetation will fully deteriorate and only a thinned herbaceous layer consisting of 15–20 most resistant species will remain on the island. 相似文献
38.
Parameters characterizing the activity of species in altitudinal zonal elements of the flora have been analyzed in the northern Baikal region. The results provide evidence for the weakening status of xerophilic species in the cenoflora of hemiboreal light coniferous forests of the class Rhytidio-Laricetea, which form the lower part of the forest belt bordering the steppe. This fact indicates that climate on the slopes of mountain ridges is becoming more humid. The increase in humidity may be explained by both progressing degradation of permafrost and increasing precipitation. On the other hand, no significant change has been observed in the cenoflora of mountain taiga forests of the class Vaccinio-Piceetea, which form the upper part of the forest belt. 相似文献
39.
THOMAS DIRNBÖCK§ JOSEF GREIMLER† PATRICIO LOPEZ S.‡ TOD F. STUESSY† 《Conservation biology》2003,17(6):1650-1659
Abstract: The Juan Fernandez Archipelago, a Chilean national park and biosphere reserve, is 700 km west of continental Chile. Invasive plant species pose major threats to the native, highly endemic vegetation, especially on Robinson Crusoe Island (Mas a Tierra), where there is a permanent settlement. We used historical and recent vegetation map data as well as recent vegetational point data to reconstruct vegetational changes on the island since the early twentieth century. In addition, we used logistic regression models with environmental variables or their surrogates (elevation, solar radiation, topographic similarity index, slope position) to estimate the potential distributions of the worst invaders. Native vegetation has been affected most severely by Acaena argentea , Aristotelia chilensis , Rubus ulmifolius , and Ugni molinae , leading to a significant decrease of endemic plants in the montane forests and native shrublands. The native forest has decreased by approximately one-third. The area affected by Aristotelia chilensis increased from 6.5% to 14% of the total island area. Ugni molinae , once rare, is now abundant (4.6%), as is Acaena (11.9%). Rubus ulmifolius , not present 80 years ago, now covers about 7% of the island's surface. The distributions of all studied species except Rubus ulmifolius are significantly ( p < 0.05) controlled by the environmental factors we examined. Inferring from potential distributions of Aristotelia chilensis and Ugni molinae , 50% of the native montane forest could be invaded or replaced (with a probability of >60%) by these plants. Based on the invasion speed of the past 80 years, this would take another 80 years if conservation measures do not succeed. 相似文献
40.