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在以皮胶原为碳、氮源时其最适产酶条件为p H7 ,30 ℃,高产酶时间为4 d .经 Ca( O H)2 预处理革屑不能有效促进该菌对革屑的降解,但可使大部分 Cr3 + 沉淀而除去.经该株蛋白酶的粗提及性质实验,确定酶的最适反应条件为40 C、p H7 .0 ~8 .0 , Cr3 + 对酶有轻度的抑制作用,以2 .26 % 的粗酶作用于革屑,水解率达50 % 以上 相似文献
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以工业废弃物聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料及电厂粉煤灰为主要原料,用适量轻溶剂油调制成油性腻子,搅拌均匀经三辊机或轮碾机研磨至完全均匀细腻,包装即得产品。该产品的性能与同类油性腻子相似,而制造成本显著降低,适用于填平金属、木质、混凝土物体表面的凹坑、针孔和缝隙,同时减少了白色污染物聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料废弃物对环境的污染。 相似文献
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Methodological aspects of life cycle assessment of integrated solid waste management systems 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) developed rapidly during the 1990s and has reached a certain level of harmonisation and standardisation. LCA has mainly been developed for analysing material products, but can also be applied to services, e.g. treatment of a particular amount of solid waste. This paper discusses some methodological issues which come into focus when LCAs are applied to solid waste management systems. The following five issues are discussed. (1) Upstream and downstream system boundaries: where is the ‘cradle’ and where is the ‘grave’ in the analysed system? (2) Open-loop recycling allocation: besides taking care of a certain amount of solid waste, many treatment processes also provide additional functions, e.g. energy or materials which are recycled into other products. Two important questions which arise are if an allocation between the different functions should be made (and if so how), or if system boundaries should be expanded to include several functions. (3) Multi-input allocation: in waste treatment processes, different materials and products are usually mixed. In many applications there is a need to allocate environmental interventions from the treatment processes to the different input materials. The question is how this should be done. (4) Time: emissions from landfills will continue for a long time. An important issue to resolve is the length of time emissions from the landfill should be considered. (5) Life cycle impact assessment: are there any aspects of solid waste systems (e.g. the time horizon) that may require specific attention for the impact assessment element of an LCA? Although the discussion centres around LCA it is expected that many of these issues are also relevant for other types of systems analyses. 相似文献
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Lisa A. McDonald Grace M. Johns 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1999,35(3):579-592
ABSTRACT: Successful watershed management requires consideration of multiple objectives and the efficient use of scarce public and private resources. One way to address these multi-faceted issues is through Social Benefit-Cost Accounting (SBCA). SBCA is a systematic method of addressing complex social and economic issues relevant to proposed watershed management projects. Benefits of using this technique include: benefits and costs of watershed projects are better understood; politically sensitive issues tend to be put into perspective; and stakeholders' interests are placed on a level playing field. An example from Bogota, Colombia demonstrates how SBCA can be used to value the benefits and costs of a proposed project. By addressing the benefits and costs to all stakeholders, the design of watershed management programs can be improved to achieve goals in a cost-effective manner. 相似文献
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封闭式存贮塘处理采油污水的可行性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对石西油田的区域特点,从工程设计、气象、地质、投资等多方面对该地区利用封闭式存贮塘处理采油的可行性进行了分析研究,提出该法可作为相似地区油田采油废水处理方法借鉴的观点 相似文献