壳聚糖包覆微胶囊红磷的制备及性能表征

目的 降低红磷(RP)烟火剂的吸湿率及感度,以此提高其使用过程中的安全性能.方法 以生物基材料壳聚糖(CS)为囊壳结构,采用高效简便的工艺,制备壳聚糖包覆微胶囊红磷(CSRP),对CSRP进行红外光谱测试(FTIR)、X射线电子能谱分析(XPS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测试及热重(TG)测试,并对RP及CSRP进行吸...     

UBET在圆环压缩中的应用及绘制理论校准曲线精度的讨论

将UBET用于求解压缩圆环问题 ,可简便快速地取得上限解 ;进而采用该解绘制塑性加工中测量摩擦系数的理论校准曲线。对中性层的位置进行了精确求解 ;分析了绘制理论校准曲线时 ,总压缩量、压缩步长量等参数对其结果的影响     

冷轧薄板摩擦热及温升模型研究

冷轧时轧件塑性变形热和摩擦热是导致轧件温度升高的两个主要原因。采用包含滑动摩擦和粘着摩擦在内的预位移 滑动摩擦模型较准确地计算了轧制区摩擦热 ,并综合考虑轧件塑性变形热 ,推导了冷轧薄板温升计算公式。     

土工格栅拉拔试验模型优化及加筋特性研究

目前土工格栅加筋提高工程的安全性广受关注,为研究土工格栅摩擦系数、网孔尺寸对其加筋特性的影响,采用PFC3D建立土工格栅拉伸试验模型和拉拔试验模型,并对2种试验模型进行优化。将土工格栅拉伸应力-应变关系按其应变量分段,开发了记录试验过程中土工格栅的应变并根据该应变与分段界限应变间大小关系来改变格栅的法向、切向黏结刚度的FISH程序。在保持土工格栅试样尺寸及各参数不变的条件下,分别开展不同格栅摩擦系数和不同网孔尺寸的数值拉拔试验。结果表明:按土工格栅应变量对其拉伸特性进行分阶段模拟的方法可使模拟结果更加准确;优化后的土工格栅拉拔试验模型计算结果与室内试验结果更加吻合;土工格栅的摩擦系数及网孔尺寸对加筋特性的影响明显,孔径比为5. 0左右时的加筋效果最佳。建议在选用加筋材料时应考虑土工格栅摩擦系数和网孔尺寸与填料粒径之间的匹配关系。     

Development of new footwear sole surface pattern for prevention of slip-related falls

In this study, a new rubber surface pattern for a footwear sole was developed to prevent slip-related falls. This pattern shows a high static coefficient of friction (SCOF) and a high dynamic coefficient of friction (DCOF) when sliding against a liquid contaminated surface. A hybrid rubber block, in which a rubber block with a rough surface (Ra = 30.4 μm) was sandwiched between two rubber blocks with smooth surfaces (Ra = 0.98 μm), was prepared. The ratio of the rough surface area to the whole rubber block surface area r was 0%, 30%, 50%, 80%, and 100%. The coefficient of friction of the rubber blocks was measured when sliding against a stainless steel plate with Ra of 0.09 μm contaminated with a 90% aqueous solution of glycerol. While the SCOF increased with an increase of the rough surface area ratio r, the DCOF during steady-state sliding decreased with an increase of the rough surface area ratio r. The rough surface area ratio of 50% achieved a SCOF value around 0.5 or more and a DCOF value greater than 0.5. Furthermore, the difference in the value of the SCOF and DCOF was the smallest for the rubber block with r of 50%. The results indicated that the rubber block with r of 50% would be applicable to a footwear sole surface pattern to prevent slip and fall accidents on contaminated surfaces.     

Performance Enhancement of a Beta Type Rhombic Drive Stirling engine

ABSTRACT

Stirling engines maintain attraction because of their high energy conversion efficiencies. In this study, experimental comparison of a beta-type Stirling engine for two different rhombic-drive mechanisms was presented. In one of the rhombic mechanisms, spur gears were used and the gear shaft was supported in bearings from one side. In the other mechanism, two helical gears were placed on crankshafts and the crankshafts were supported in bearings from both sides. Rhombus lengths of the mechanisms were determined as 66 mm and 80 mm to provide same constant compression ratio of 2.5 for both configurations. Both mechanisms were used in the same beta-type Stirling engine having same cylinder, piston and displacer dimensions. Performance parameters of the engines were evaluated at different helium charge pressures (2–4 bar) and hot-end temperatures (400–600°C). The hot-end of the displacer cylinder was heated by a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) burner. The engine power increased by 132%, friction losses and gear noses were reduced by supporting the rhombic-drive mechanism from both side and using helical gears. The maximum output torque and power of the engine were obtained as 13.14 Nm at 428 rpm engine speed and 663 W at 800 rpm engine speed, respectively, at 600°C hot-end temperature and 4 bar charge pressure.     

关于环形风道比摩阻两种计算方法

就通风空调工程中具有特殊应用的环形风道的摩擦阻力计算问题进行了分析，根据流体力学原理，提出了采用流量当量直径法和直接利用圆形风道计算图风道的比摩阻2种方法，第2种计算方法与流量当量直径法比较，查表时更直接。     

桩体材料弹性模量对桩基负摩阻力特性的影响

分析了桩体材料弹性模量对于桩基负摩阻力特性的影响,指出不同的桩体材料弹性模量会使得桩身压缩值不同,对于复合地基中常用的低弹性模量桩应当考虑桩身压缩对于桩基性状的影响。有限元分析结果表明,影响桩基负摩阻力特性的桩体材料弹性模量存在一个临界值。当桩体材料模量大于此值时,可以忽略桩身材料模量的影响;桩体材料模量小于此值时,桩身压缩变形增大,桩顶位移和桩端位移会有很明显的差异,会造成中性点位置上移,桩身中最大附加应力降低。这对复合地基中桩体负摩阻力特性的研究是有益的。     

电弧离子镀TiN涂层沉积工艺研究

目的优化电弧离子镀沉积TiN涂层的制备工艺,分析不同N_2/Ar条件对涂层微观结构和力学性能的影响机制,进一步强化和研究TiN涂层的优异性能。方法采用带有附加线圈磁场的电弧离子镀技术在不同N_2/Ar条件下制备TiN涂层,利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、超景深显微镜、维氏硬度计、薄膜应力仪和高温摩擦机观察涂层微观结构、测试力学性能。结果随着N_2/Ar流量比的增加,涂层表面形貌得到改善,大颗粒的数量和尺寸明显减少,表面变得光滑致密。TiN涂层的生长取向由沿(110)晶面择优生长,逐渐转变为沿(111)晶面择优生长。涂层显微硬度呈上升趋势,硬度最高为2260HV;当N_2/Ar流量比为2:1时,摩擦系数最低为0.71,磨损率最低为1.5×10~(-2)μm~3/(N·μm),磨痕边界清晰,大颗粒和磨屑较少。结论当N_2/Ar流量比为2:1时,TiN涂层结构致密,且具有最佳的各项力学性能。     

铝锂合金焊缝大气腐蚀行为研究

目的研究铝锂合金搅拌摩擦焊焊缝在大气环境中的腐蚀行为。方法采用电化学极化法、质量增加法、扫描电子显微镜、三维体式显微镜几种不同的表征手段对铝锂合金搅拌摩擦焊焊缝在模拟海洋大气环境中的腐蚀行为进行研究。结果焊缝部位存在较为严重的应力腐蚀开裂现象,腐蚀电位比基体部位负移约0.05 V,腐蚀速率比一般基体部位明显增大。结论搅拌摩擦焊虽具有较多优点,在其他领域得到一定应用,但针对铝锂合金在海军飞机方向的应用存在缺陷,不能直接裸露使用。