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991.
基于矿井通风三维仿真系统的多级机站通风系统优化与应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为分析总结多级机站通风方式实际应用中存在的影响通风效果的共性问题,以某大型机械化铁矿通风系统为研究对象,应用能适用多台风机串并联运行的"矿井通风三维仿真系统(简称3DVS)"软件进行应用研究。结果表明,3DVS软件可以快速地实现多级机站通风系统中不同型号多台风机联合作业下的风机选型。采用安装在运输巷道两侧的硐室型风机机站技术能有效解决大压差、大断面运输巷道不安装风门、不掘绕道设置风机机站的关键问题,实现风流有效分配,且具有较好的灵活性,其成功应用,不但为多级机站通风方式的应用提供了技术和经验支持,而且增强了多级机站通风方式的适应性和稳定性,可以减少风机机站维护工作量,不影响行人和运输,促进多级机站技术发展与推广。 相似文献
992.
Joe Leigh Simpson 《黑龙江环境通报》2010,30(7):682-695
First reported in 1990, PGD has evolved into a complementary form of prenatal diagnosis offering novel indications. DNA for PGD can be recovered with equal safety and facility from polar bodies I and II, blastomere (8 cell embryo) and trophectoderm (5–6 day blastocyst). Diagnostic accuracy is very high (>99%) for both chromosomal abnormalities and single gene disorders. Traditional application of FISH with chromosome specific probes for detecting aneuploidy and translocations may be replaced or complemented by array comparative genome hybridization (array CGH); biopsied embryos can now be cryopreserved (vitrification) while analysis proceeds in orderly fashion. PGD has been accomplished for over 200 different single gene disorders. Novel indications for PGD not readily applicable by traditional prenatal genetic diagnosis include avoiding clinical pregnancy termination, performing preconceptional diagnosis (polar body I), obtaining prenatal diagnosis without disclosure of prenatal genotype (nondisclosure), diagnosing adult-onset disorders particularly cancer, and identifying HLA compatible embryos suitable for recovering umbilical cord blood stem cells. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
993.
AURÉLIE COULON JOHN W. FITZPATRICK REED BOWMAN IRBY J. LOVETTE 《Conservation biology》2010,24(4):1080-1088
Abstract: Studies comparing dispersal in fragmented versus unfragmented landscapes show that habitat fragmentation alters the dispersal behavior of many species. We used two complementary approaches to explore Florida Scrub‐Jay (Aphelocoma c?rulescens) dispersal in relation to landscape fragmentation. First, we compared dispersal distances of color‐marked individuals in intensively monitored continuous and fragmented landscapes. Second, we estimated effective dispersal relative to the degree of fragmentation (as inferred from two landscape indexes: proportion of study site covered with Florida Scrub‐Jay habitat and mean distance to nearest habitat patch within each study site) by comparing genetic isolation‐by‐distance regressions among 13 study sites having a range of landscape structures. Among color‐banded individuals, dispersal distances were greater in fragmented versus continuous landscapes, a result consistent with other studies. Nevertheless, genetic analyses revealed that effective dispersal decreases as the proportion of habitat in the landscape decreases. These results suggest that although individual Florida Scrub‐Jays may disperse farther as fragmentation increases, those that do so are less successful as breeders than those that disperse short distances. Our study highlights the importance of combining observational data with genetic inferences when evaluating the complex biological and life‐history implications of dispersal. 相似文献
994.
ROBERT C. BARBOUR‡ LYNNE G. FORSTER SUSAN C. BAKER† DOROTHY A. STEANE BRADLEY M. POTTS 《Conservation biology》2009,23(5):1146-1155
Abstract: The developing field of community genetics has the potential to broaden the contribution of genetics to conservation biology by demonstrating that genetic variation within foundation plant species can act to structure associated communities of microorganisms, invertebrates, and vertebrates. We assessed the biodiversity consequences of natural patterns of intraspecific genetic variation within the widely distributed Australian forest tree, Eucalyptus globulus. We assessed genetic variation among geographic races of E. globulus (i.e., provenances, seed zones) in the characteristics of tree‐trunk bark in a 17‐year‐old common garden and the associated response of a dependent macroarthropod community. In total, 180 macroarthropod taxa were identified following a collection from 100 trees of five races. We found substantial genetically based variation within E. globulus in the quantity and type of decorticating bark. In the community of organisms associated with this bark, significant variation existed among trees of different races in composition, and there was a two‐fold difference in species richness (7–14 species) and abundance (22–55 individuals) among races. This community variation was tightly linked with genetically based variation in bark, with 60% of variation in community composition driven by bark characteristics. No detectable correlation was found, however, with neutral molecular markers. These community‐level effects of tree genetics are expected to extend to higher trophic levels because of the extensive use of tree trunks as foraging zones by birds and marsupials. Our results demonstrate the potential biodiversity benefits that may be gained through conservation of intraspecific genetic variation within broadly distributed foundation species. The opportunities for enhancing biodiversity values of forestry and restoration plantings are also highlighted because such planted forests are increasingly becoming the dominant forest type in many areas of the world. 相似文献
995.
996.
猪粪堆肥中一株溶磷菌的筛选鉴定及溶磷能力初步测定 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
从猪粪堆肥中分离纯化得到一株具有较强溶磷能力的菌株PSM-1,进行了形态学和分子生物学鉴定,研究了其溶磷能力和遗传稳定性.结果表明:通过菌落形态和ITS基因序列分析鉴定,菌株PSM-1为产黄青霉(Penicillium chrysogenum);在3种不同无机磷源液体培养基中其溶磷量依次为Ca3(PO4)2(138.36 mg·L-1)Fe PO4(117.38 mg·L-1)Al PO4(113.76 mg·L-1),且PSM-1的溶磷量均与培养液p H值呈现出显著负相关性;以葡萄糖为碳源、硝酸铵为氮源时,菌株PSM-1的溶磷量最高可达195.67 mg·L-1,比初始有效磷高141.42%;该菌株对碳源和氮源的利用效率分别依次为:葡糖糖蔗糖麦芽糖淀粉,硝酸铵硝酸钾硫酸铵草酸铵;经过20次传代培养后PSM-1的溶磷量保持在(124.54±3.50)mg·L-1,说明其溶磷遗传稳定性良好.研究表明:PSM-1菌株具有良好的溶解无机磷的能力,在土壤微生态改良方面具有重要的应用潜力. 相似文献
997.
多层采空区流场局部动态平衡数学建模分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对大同矿区浅埋深、多煤层群、近距离、两硬条件下开采形成的多层采空区极易发生自燃的问题,进行风流流场调压分析,以达到控制采空区遗煤自燃及防止有害气体流人工作面的目标.建立了多层采空区流场调压数学模型,得出工作面风压调节的最优参数,结合工程实际分析,确定了多层采空区流场调压需要达到的预期效果.提出多层采空区流场局部动态平衡的调压方法,结合达西线性渗流定律,确定了多层采空区流场达到局部动态平衡的调压允许范围,并提出调压自动控制方法. 相似文献
998.
为得出圆形巷道围岩弹性应力分布特征,采用复变函数对圆形巷道围岩弹性应力进行解析,得到了与应力函数解法相同的应力场解析表达式,证明了复变函数解法求解巷道围岩应力场的可行性.对圆形巷道边界应力分布规律及沿水平线的应力分布规律进行了分析,结果表明:1)圆形巷道边界的径向应力和剪应力等于0,环向应力集中系数随侧压系数和位置角度变化而变化,与巷道半径无关;2)沿水平线的圆形巷道围岩剪应力等于0,径向应力和环向应力集中系数随侧压力系数和巷道半径变化而变化;3)沿水平线方向,侧压系数对巷道围岩径向应力的影响大于环向应力影响.还分析了侧压系数对巷道围岩应力的影响规律,讨论了侧压系数等于0、大于0小于1、等于1和大于1等4种情况下的巷道边界环向应力分布情况,得出了巷道边界环向应力的拉压区域及环向应力集中系数最大位置. 相似文献
999.
通过浸渍-焙烧的方法制得铁改性活性炭,并将之应用于废水中甲醛的吸附.分别考察了吸附时间、初始溶液质量浓度、吸附剂投加量对改性活性炭吸附甲醛效果的影响,并研究了铁改性活性炭对甲醛水溶液的等温吸附及动力学.结果表明:在25℃、活性炭投加量为10 g/L、吸附时间为360 min时,铁改性活性炭对甲醛的去除率为91.8%;用准一级、准二级及内扩散动力学模型拟合吸附过程,准二级动力学模型符合该吸附过程;用Langmuir和Freundlich模型描述等温吸附过程,该吸附过程服从Langmuir模型,饱和吸附量为3.396 7mg/g. 相似文献
1000.