彬长矿区环境地质灾害的分析预测

在系统分析彬长矿区主要环境地质灾害特征及成因的基础上,确立了矿区各类地质灾害评价预测的原则与数学模型,依据计算与分析结果,将矿区划分为稳定区、次稳定区、危险区和极危险区,并确定出了8个灾害段。     

内蒙古自治区城市环境地质问题及综合防治要点

城市化造成了众多环境地质问题，已成为城市发展的重要制约因素之一。本文针对我区城市存在的主要环境地质问题，分析探讨了防治思路和要点。     

江苏溧水神仙洞的发掘和研究——中华文明史应追溯到万年前

对溧水神仙洞的发掘和进行地质、地貌、孢粉、古脊椎动物与古人类、C14 年代及考古等多学科综合研究结果表明 :该洞是石炭系石灰岩沿层面裂隙经地下水溶蚀而成 ;洞穴堆积物的时代应属全新世早期 ,或新石器时代早期 ,绝对年代距今约为 1.1万年。其中发现的动物群为我国南方晚更新世动物群向现代动物群过渡的类型 ,而代表中 -晚更新世的最后鬣狗与代表新石器时代文化标志的陶片共生 ,为我国第四纪时代的划分 ,或新、旧石器时代文化的划分提供了重要依据。陶片则迄今为止是我国具有完整地层层位记录的最古陶片。它的发现 ,不仅将我国新石器时代文化大大推前 ,更为重写中华古史 ,校正“中华五千年文明”的提法 ,将中华文明追溯到一万年前并重排世界古文明位次增加了依据。同时 ,智人颞骨的发现 ,对长江中、下游古人类的研究 ,也提供了新的资料     

A pilot study of the relationship between multiple sclerosis and the physical environment in northwest Ireland

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease of unknown origin, but it is thought likely to have an environmental component in addition to genetic predisposition. It appears common in areas with underlying radon-producing granites. Radon exposure before the age of 15 years is postulated as a contributory cause in genetically susceptible individuals. Pilot studies were undertaken, with results which indicate that radon exposure may be a factor, and that the hypothesis warrants further investigation.     

断裂构造的分形研究及其地质应用

文章详细总结了断裂构造分形研究的理论基础及其在地质研究中的应用。断裂构造的分维值可以定量描述断裂分布的复杂性和构造演化的成熟度 ,它是断层数量、规模、发育程度、组合方式及动力学的综合体现。断裂的分形结构特征与流体流动、油气运移成藏和矿床的形成有着十分密切的关系 ,断裂的分维值越高 ,断裂连通性越好 ,越有利于流体流动汇聚和矿床的形成。此外 ,还可以从活动断裂的分形分析来研究断层的活动性及其与区域地壳稳定性 ,进行地震预测。文中总结了目前断裂分形研究中存在的一些问题和改进方法以及今后研究的主要方向     

浙江省农业地质环境信息系统建设初探

应用计算机技术、地理信息系统技术、遥感技术以及系统科学的理论和方法建立农业地质环境信息系统，可以实现对农业地质环境信息的收集、存储、加工、使用、动态更新、统计分析和辅助决策。该系统不但为农业地质环境项目的科学管理提供标准化、信息化，为社会提供信息共享服务，也极大提升了农业地质环境动态监测管理和决策的科学性。结合浙江省农业地质环境信息系统建设实践，本文对农业地质环境信息管理系统建设的内容、方法以及应用前景进行了初步探讨。     

浙江湖州及邻区地貌与环境地质问题分析

浙江湖州及邻区地貌总体特征是以平原为主，丘陵次之，本文在讨论了影响区域地貌发育因素的基础上，对平原区和丘陵区的次级地貌单元进行了划分并作了总结。详细分析了区内不同地貌单元下存在原生和受人类经济活动影响出现的环境地质灾害问题，指出原地生质－地貌条件下区域环境地质问题（如地壳稳定性，软土地基，地下水水质，土壤渍害，水土流失等），大多数对人类社会影响不大或者已经有了相应的防治对策，但是，受人类经济活动影响，人为的或人工诱发的环境地质问题则越来越严重，如平原区由于过量开采地下水出现的地面沉降，丘陵区由于开采石矿引起的景观破坏，水土流失，岩溶塌陷和滑坡等地质灾害。     

中国海岸侵蚀危害及其防治

防治海岸侵蚀是减灾防灾的一项重要内容．本文从海岸侵蚀的产生机理出发，针对其造成危害的侵蚀分布特点加以论述，并给出了应采取的整治对策．     

EFFECTS OF LAND COVER AND GEOLOGY ON STREAM CHEMISTRY IN WATERSHEDS OF CHESAPEAKE BAY1

ABSTRACT: We measured the base‐flow stream chemistry in all the major physiographic provinces of the Chesapeake Bay drainage basin. The spatial variation of stream chemistry was closely related to differences in geology and land cover among the sampled watersheds. Some stream chemistry variables were strongly affected by geological settings in the watersheds while others were more influenced by land cover. The effects of land cover differed among chemical constituents and regions. Concentrations of Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, pH, total alkalinity, and conductivity were mainly functions of carbonate bedrock, especially in the Great Valley. Nitrate‐N and total dissolved N were closely related to cropland and increased as the percentage of cropland increased. The rate of increase varied from region to region with the highest in the Piedmont. Na⁺ and Cl^? were mainly affected by the percentage of developed area in a watershed, especially in the Coastal Plain and Piedmont. We observed no significant effects of region or land cover on species of phosphorus because samples were collected under base flow conditions and only dissolved forms were measured. Dissolved silicate (DSi) was not related to any other water chemistry variables. DSi increased as developed area decreased and cropland increased in the Coastal Plain, but these patterns were reversed in the Piedmont. There was no consistent pattern in the spatial variation of land cover effects on the reduced forms of N, dissolved organic P, dissolved organic matter, and K⁺.     

Unsustainable urban development for Zonguldak metropolitan area (NW Turkey)

Since Turkey is located on a region that is prone to the risks of natural disasters like earthquake, flooding, and avalanche; a majority of the residential areas are facing these risks at various levels. Before determination of these risks, taking action in order to decrease the vulnerability levels of the residential areas will help keep the damage at the minimum level in case of a disaster. Urban planning decisions which are made in accordance with vulnerability studies aiming to determine natural disaster risks will not only help prevent loss of life but also help decrease negative social and economic effects of disasters. The Zonguldak city has been chosen as a case study area since Zonguldak metropolitan area has endured almost all kinds of threats that a city can face. In this study disaster-producing factors in the area are primarily considered which can be named as topography, destruction of forest lands, geological and karstic structure, mining activities, and misuse of the land, and later risk assessment is conducted with geographic information system (GIS). It has been assessed that more than half of the buildings within the study area were constructed in areas not suitable for housing. It is concluded that there is a need for urgent urban development plan for the city.