基于三维石墨烯去除水体中四环素

三维石墨烯具有较大的比表面积和独特的空间孔结构,为捕获抗生素提供大量的活性位点,能够促进抗生素在多孔网络结构的运输。本研究采用化学还原自组装方法制备了有序多孔结构的三维石墨烯(3DG),并将其应用于去除水体中的四环素(TC)。研究结果显示,TC在3DG的吸附过程同时符合伪二级动力学和Langmuir方程。在最佳吸附pH=6时,3DG对TC最大饱和吸附量达到322.58 mg·g^-1,并具备良好的再生性能,经过5次吸附-解吸重复试验后,3DG对水体中TC的去除率仍可达68%。因此,3DG是一种在环境分析领域具有良好应用前景的吸附材料。     

可见光响应GO/g-C3N4改性平板膜的制备条件及其表面性能

以氧化石墨烯(GO)与石墨相氮化碳(g-C_3N_4)为改性剂,采用界面聚合与超滤抽吸结合,对PVDF平板超滤膜(简称原膜)进行表面改性,得到可见光响应的纳米复合改性膜(简称:GO/g-C_3N_4改性膜),研究改性膜的制备条件及其表面性能.结果表明:(1)最佳制备条件为:g-C_3N_410 mg、g-C_3N_4/GO比值为80、苯胺(An)浓度0.5%、An浸泡时间4 h、过硫酸铵(APS)浓度0.8 g·L~(-1)、APS浸泡时间3 h;(2)GO/g-C_3N_4改性膜表面亲水性与抗污染性能显著提高,表面接触角下降55.1%,通量衰减率下降46.3%,经水力冲洗后膜通量恢复率增加51.5%;(3)改性膜的机械强度与拉伸强度增强,拉伸弹性模量增加;(4)GO/g-C_3N_4改性膜表面具有较强的可见光活性,最大吸收边带为495 nm,表面改性功能层的禁带宽度(Eg)值为2.5 e V.改性膜对罗丹明B(Rh B)的可见光催化降解去除率达到81.2%,而原膜对Rh B吸附去除率仅为42.2%.     

石墨烯在环境有机污染物分析中的应用进展

石墨烯是一种全部由碳六元环构成的新型二维碳纳米材料.从2004年发现至今,其在能源、电子、复合材料、生物医学等领域中的应用都取得了重大研究进展.近年来,石墨烯在分析化学领域也表现出了巨大的应用潜力,尤其是在环境有机污染物分析方面,涌现了大量相关报道.本文简要回顾了近期石墨烯在环境有机污染物分析中的应用情况,涵盖了样品前处理、色谱、传感器、质谱等不同的技术方向,并对石墨烯在环境分析中的应用前景进行了展望.     

Electroconductive RGO-MXene membranes with wettability-regulated channels: improved water permeability and electro-enhanced rejection performance

● Electroconductive RGO-MXene membranes were fabricated. ● Wettable membrane channels were established between RGO and MXene nanosheets. ● Hydrophilic MXene reduces the resistance of water entering the membrane channels. ● Water permeance of RGO-MXene membrane is 16.8 times higher than that of RGO membrane. ● Electro-assistance can enhance the dye rejection performance of RGO-MXene membrane. Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) membranes are theoretically more conducive to the rapid transport of water molecules in their channels compared with graphene oxide (GO) membranes, as they have fewer oxygen-containing functional groups and more non-oxidized regions. However, the weak hydrophilicity of RGO membranes inhibits water entry into their channels, resulting in their low water permeability. In this work, we constructed wettable RGO-MXene channels by intercalating hydrophilic MXene nanosheets into the RGO membrane for improving the water permeance. The RGO-MXene composite membrane exhibits high pure water permeance of 62.1 L/(m²·h·bar), approximately 16.8 times that of the RGO membrane (3.7 L/(m²·h·bar)). Wettability test results and molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the improved water permeance results from the enhanced wettability of RGO-MXene membrane and increased rate of water molecules entering the RGO-MXene channels. Benefiting from good conductivity, the RGO-MXene membrane with electro-assistance exhibits significantly increased rejection rates for negatively charged dyes (from 56.0% at 0 V to 91.4% at 2.0 V for Orange G) without decreasing the permeate flux, which could be attributed to enhanced electrostatic repulsion under electro-assistance.     

石墨烯对高等植物幼苗的毒性及机理探究

随着石墨烯产品的广泛应用和潜在的环境释放,其对生态环境的影响已引起广泛关注。为探讨石墨烯对高等植物生长的影响,探究了其对黄瓜幼苗和玉米幼苗生长的影响及其致毒机理。结果表明,水培条件下,不同浓度的石墨烯(10、50、100、500、1 000和2 000 mg·L~(-1))处理植物幼苗15 d后,对植物幼苗的生长具有抑制作用。且随着处理时间和石墨烯浓度的增加,植物幼苗生长的所有指标,包括根/地上部鲜重和干重、根长、根尖数、株高和叶面积均相应降低。另外,黄瓜幼苗比玉米幼苗对石墨烯更加的敏感。进一步研究发现,石墨烯与黄瓜幼苗根部直接接触导致的物理损伤、氧化损伤,以及营养耗竭是其致毒机理。而石墨烯对玉米幼苗的致毒机理包括物理损伤和营养耗竭。本研究为石墨烯的环境风险评价提供了基础数据。     

复合光催化材料Ag-AgCl/石墨烯的制备及性能

以原位化学沉淀;光还原法制备了Ag-AgCl/石墨烯复合光催化材料。以罗丹明B为模型降解物,研究了其可见光催化性能。实验结果表明：石墨烯的引入使Ag-AgCl/石墨烯催化剂催化活性提高;当初始罗丹明B质量浓度为5 mg/L时,可见光照射60 min后罗丹明B的降解率可达99%;降解率随初始罗丹明B质量浓度的增加而减小。Ag-AgCl/石墨烯具有很高的可见光催化活性和稳定性。     

乙二胺还原的氧化石墨烯对镉离子的动态吸附

以乙二胺(EDA)还原氧化石墨烯(GO)制得一种吸附剂材料,即还原态氧化石墨烯(RGO)。考察了动态条件下Cd2+溶液的初始浓度、流速及吸附床高度对穿透曲线的影响,同时利用Bed-Depth-Service Time(BDST)模型对吸附床高度与穿透时间的关系进行线性拟合分析,研究了RGO对Cd2+溶液的动态吸附性能。结果表明,RGO可以有效地去除水溶液中的Cd2+,随着吸附床高度的增加,离子的去除率增大,穿透时间延长;当溶液初始浓度增大时穿透时间缩短,离子的去除率减小;而溶液的流速加快,穿透时间和去除率都相应减小。吸附床高度与穿透时间的关系可用BDST模型较好地进行描述,预测新的操作条件下的穿透时间与实验值误差均小于5%。     

氧化石墨烯负载纳米零价铁的制备及其对亚甲基蓝的吸附

采用液相还原法制备氧化石墨烯负载纳米零价铁吸附剂(Fe0/GO),并用于吸附去除溶液中的亚甲基蓝(MB)。考察了溶液p H、吸附温度、吸附时间、初始MB质量浓度对Fe0/GO吸附MB的影响。SEM等表征结果显示:Fe0以球形或短链形负载在GO上,增加了材料的反应活性位点;Fe0/GO的比表面积为158.32 m2/g,等电点为3。实验结果表明:在溶液p H为6、吸附时间5 h、吸附温度25℃的最佳条件下,加入400 mg/L的Fe0/GO,处理初始MB质量浓度为160 mg/L的MB溶液,MB去除率为89.26%,吸附量为125.5 mg/g;Langmuir等温吸附方程和Frenudlich等温吸附方程均能较好地描述Fe0/GO对MB的吸附过程;Fe0/GO对MB的吸附行为遵循准二级动力学方程;计算得出吸附温度为25℃、初始MB质量浓度为160 mg/L时的饱和吸附量为201.2 mg/g,平衡吸附量为124.3 mg/g。     

氧化石墨烯和多环芳烃与肺表面活性物质间的相互作用

为阐明氧化石墨烯与多环芳烃这一复合污染体系与肺表面活性物质（PS）的作用,考察了各组分之间的作用方式及效应,并对作用机制进行分析.结果表明,PS及其组分对多环芳烃有增溶作用,增溶能力依次为萘 < 苊 < 苯并（a）蒽;氧化石墨烯对多环芳烃和PS有一定的吸附作用,且多环芳烃和PS存在竞争吸附,入肺后PS及其组分占据多环芳烃的吸附位点而负载于氧化石墨烯表面;多环芳烃在PS及其组分增溶作用下在氧化石墨烯表面解析,毒性增强;DPPC由竞争吸附产生的解析效果尤为显著,当苯并（a）蒽的加入量到0.6mg/L时,DPPC于GO上吸附量减少了28.92mg/g;同时,多环芳烃和PS均会促使氧化石墨烯团聚,粒径增大3倍以上;C=C键的增多和化学键转化产生的作用力影响了氧化石墨烯的稳定性.本研究为复合污染对肺的潜在毒性效应及肺风险评估提供了一定的理论支撑.     

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of rGO/TiO2 for the decomposition of formaldehyde under visible light irradiation

Due to the low concentration of indoor air contaminants,photocatalytic technology shows low efficiency for indoor air purification.The application of TiO_2 for photocatalytic removal of formaldehyde is limited,because TiO_2 can only absorb ultraviolet(UV) light.Immobilization of TiO_2 nanoparticles on the surface of graphene can improve the visible light photocatalytic activity and the adsorption capacity.In this study,rGO(reduced graphene oxide)/TiO_2 was synthesized through a hydrothermal method using titanium tetrabutoxide and graphene oxide as precursors,and was used for the degradation of low concentration formaldehyde in indoor air under visible light illumination.Characterization of the crystalline structure and morphology of rGO/TiO_2 revealed that most GO was reduced to rGO during the hydrothermal treatment,and anatase TiO_2 nanoparticles(with particle size of 15–30 nm) were dispersed well on the surface of the rGO sheets.rGO/TiO_2 exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity for degradation of formaldehyde in indoor air and this can be attributed to the role of rGO,which can act as the electron sink and transporter for separating photo-generated electron–hole pairs through interfacial charge transfer.Furthermore,rGO could adsorb formaldehyde molecules from air to produce a high concentration of formaldehyde on the surface of rGO/TiO_2.Under visible light irradiation for 240 min,the concentration of formaldehyde could be reduced to 58.5 ppbV.rGO/TiO_2 showed excellent moisture-resistance behavior,and after five cycles,r GO/TiO_2 maintained high photocatalytic activity for the removal of formaldehyde(84.6%).This work suggests that the synthesized rGO/TiO_2 is a promising photocatalyst for indoor formaldehyde removal.