黄精多糖乳膏治疗单纯疱疹性豚鼠阴道炎的疗效研究

三种浓度(0．5％，1．5％，5％)的黄精多糖乳膏能明显治疗单纯疱疹病毒性豚鼠阴道炎，用药组豚鼠的外阴病变积分值显著低于模型对照组，这三种浓度的黄精多糖乳膏能治疗单纯疱疹病毒引发的豚鼠外阴红肿、溃破等病变，并能降低患病豚鼠的死亡率，其中以1．5％浓度乳膏的疗效相对较好．各浓度试验组黄精多糖乳膏并能显著降低感染HSV—2 Sav strain病毒的豚鼠阴道分泌物中病毒的毒力．临床预试验表明，1．5％黄精多糖乳膏与3％无环鸟苷乳膏疗效相近．图1表3参19     

HaNPV多角体蛋白在宿主不同组织中的时相性表达

应用亲和凝胶过滤层析对多角体蛋白多克隆抗血清进行纯化,辣根过氧化物酶进行标记,用于ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测中肠、血淋巴、脂肪体中的多角体蛋白的含量变化．结果：中肠在感染２４ｈ含量最高,４８ｈ最低,７２ｈ较４８ｈ略有升高,９６ｈ和１２０ｈ与７２ｈ基本保持一致;血淋巴在感染４８ｈ含量最高,然后下降至９６ｈ,１２０ｈ又稍有升高;脂肪体在感染７２ｈ开始增加,直至１２０ｈ．三种组织中多角体蛋白含量变化并不同步．从表达的时相性看,与ＮＰＶ的感染过程基本一致,即从中肠至血腔再到脂肪体．免疫电镜观察表明,感染７２ｈ的中肠,在胞浆中合成的多角体蛋白此时已转运到细胞核中     

金针菇中蛋白质含量的变化和其中一个蛋白质的生物活性

在对金针菇(Flammulinavelutipes)子实体活性蛋白质纯化过程中发现,金针菇在不同环境条件下不同蛋白质的表达量有差异.通过阴离子交换层析、凝胶层析和高压液相色谱,从金针菇中分离纯化获得了一种蛋白质Zb.经SDS-PAGE测定该蛋白分子量(Mr)为 30×103,等电聚焦电泳表明该蛋白质的等电点为 4. 7,且该蛋白质不含糖.N-端测序表明,该蛋白质N-端的 20个氨基酸为PQVKTSWEDLANLGWPIQQV.此外,在HepG2. 2. 2. 15细胞株上检测该蛋白质体外对肝炎病毒的抑制作用,发现对HBsAg抑制作用明显,抑制中浓度为 0. 117μg/mL,但对HBeAg几乎无作用.以胃癌细胞株MGC80-3为研究对象,检测表明,该蛋白质对MGC80-3抑制率在 50%时的蛋白质浓度约为 0. 75μg/mL.以起始浓度为 0. 296mg/mL的Zb检测它的血凝活性时发现,Zb对兔血红细胞和人A、B、O血红细胞的血凝滴度为 2-12.但同时观察到Zb处理后的兔血红细胞形态发生改变. 图 6表 1参 15     

烟草花叶病毒siRNA设计及其植物表达载体构建

RNA干扰技术已广泛应用于沉默基因表达的研究.本文分析烟草花叶病毒(TMV)基因序列,选择设计编码小分子发卡结构RNA(hpRNA)的cDNA;并根据农杆菌双元载体质粒p2355多克隆位点区限制性酶切位点,两端分别加入XbaI和BamHI酶切位点;分别合成单链DNA复性后插入到p2355上,经PCR、测序验证,表明已成功构建了具有潜在表达烟草花叶病毒siRNA的植物表达载体.图3表1参26     

Biopesticides: Has their time come?

Abstract

The increased tempo of developments in biopesticides is closely related to the growing awareness and emphasis on integrated pest management (IPM) and sustainable agriculture. Several economic forecasting sources predict a growth rate for the biopesticide industry at 10 to 15% per annum over the next 10 years in contrast to a 1 to 2% growth rate for synthetic chemical pesticides.

The greatest opportunity for biopesticides is in the insect pest management arena. This paper discusses several types of bioinsecticides that may have significant economic impact in the coming years.     

背景溶液对纳米氧化铁吸附病毒的影响

以噬菌体X174为病毒替代,通过等温静态批量吸附实验,研究了4种纳米氧化铁(α-Fe2O3、γ-Fe2O3-B、γ-Fe2O3-N、Fe3O4)对病毒在不同背景溶液中的吸附行为及其影响因素.结果表明,在模拟地下水中,4种纳米氧化铁对病毒均具有较高的吸附比例,其中α-Fe2O3对病毒吸附比例最高,在病毒初始浓度比较低(约1E+03PFU.mL-1)时可达100%.经Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温线方程对上述吸附结果进行拟合表示,纳米氧化铁对病毒的吸附均为有利吸附(favorable adsorption),并可能存在多层吸附,吸附比例均随着病毒初始浓度的增加而减少.纳米氧化铁对病毒的吸附比例随着背景溶液离子强度的增加而降低,表示其吸附行为以电性吸附为主.背景溶液中阴离子存在显著降低了病毒的吸附量,这可能与阴离子竞争病毒吸附位点有关,其中HPO24-比HCO3-表现得更为明显.结果同时显示背景溶液中多价阳离子的存在(比如Ca2+和Mg2+)比单价阳离子(比如Na+和K+)更有利于纳米氧化铁对病毒的吸附.综上可知,纳米氧化铁是一种潜在的病毒净化理想材料,应用时需考虑其环境因素的影响.     

Climate,urbanisation and vulnerability to vector-borne disease in subtropical coastal Australia: Sustainable policy for a changing environment

This paper examines the current health policy response to the management of vector-borne disease (VBD), specifically Ross River (RR) virus, in subtropical coastal Australia. It demonstrates the multi-dimensional nature of the VBD problem and considers the value of more sustainable policy responses. The paper provides an integrated exploration of the incidence of RR virus in the context of socio-biophysical interactions and change, climate variability, and possible enhanced threat due to climate change. The study focuses on two subtropical coastal case study regions in Australia. Collectively, the existing and emerging socio-biophysical interactions in these regionsraise questions as to the future risks and management of RR virus, while climate change adds a significant further dimension. The paper demonstrates the need for the incorporation of environmental planning elements, particularly attention to strategic assessment and planning, into the traditional suite of health policy responses given the multi-dimensional nature of the problem and evident socio-biophysical environmental change.     

Social status in relation to Sindbis virus infection clearance in greenfinches

The ability to resist infections can differ between individuals of different social rank. This study investigates if the clearance of an avian virus infection (Sindbis virus) was related to the social status of greenfinches (Carduelis chloris) and if infected birds would decline in social status. The results showed that virus clearance patterns were related to social status. Within groups of birds with similar plumage color (a social status signal), body mass and age, a birds social status could be used to predict virus clearance patterns. Dominant birds had higher virus concentrations early in the infection and lower virus titres during later stages of the infection as compared to birds that were subordinates. The infection had no significant effect on previously established social ranks, and ranks that were established during the infection did not appear to be influenced by a birds infection status. In conclusion, this study exemplifies a case where the social rank of an individual was a predictor of the ability to clear a viral infection. The underlying physiological mechanisms of this relationship remain to be further investigated.Communicated by C. Brown     

Virus transport in physically and geochemically heterogeneous subsurface porous media

A two-dimensional model for virus transport in physically and geochemically heterogeneous subsurface porous media is presented. The model involves solution of the advection-dispersion equation, which additionally considers virus inactivation in the solution, as well as virus removal at the solid matrix surface due to attachment (deposition), release, and inactivation. Two surface inactivation models for the fate of attached inactive viruses and their subsequent role on virus attachment and release were considered. Geochemical heterogeneity, portrayed as patches of positively charged metal oxyhydroxide coatings on collector grain surfaces, and physical heterogeneity, portrayed as spatial variability of hydraulic conductivity, were incorporated in the model. Both layered and randomly (log-normally) distributed physical and geochemical heterogeneities were considered. The upstream weighted multiple cell balance method was employed to numerically solve the governing equations of groundwater flow and virus transport. Model predictions show that the presence of subsurface layered geochemical and physical heterogeneity results in preferential flow paths and thus significantly affect virus mobility. Random distributions of physical and geochemical heterogeneity have also notable influence on the virus transport behavior. While the solution inactivation rate was found to significantly influence the virus transport behavior, surface inactivation under realistic field conditions has probably a negligible influence on the overall virus transport. It was further demonstrated that large virus release rates result in extended periods of virus breakthrough over significant distances downstream from the injection sites. This behavior suggests that simpler models that account for virus adsorption through a retardation factor may yield a misleading assessment of virus transport in "hydrogeologically sensitive" subsurface environments.     

高校数字图书馆网络安全风险分析与策略

从数字图书馆网络内部和使用服务的外部两方面,分析高校图书馆网络面临的硬件安全风险、软件安全风险、技术风险、管理风险以及外部攻击安全风险等主要风险。结合网络安全技术的发展,分别提出各自的应对策略。重点分析黑客攻击和网络病毒的控制方法,包括采用杀毒防护软件、运用防火墙技术、加密认证技术、入侵检测技术、VLAN技术、内容检查与监控技术以及虚拟蜜罐技术等等。图书馆网络系统只有实现了设备的本质安全化、人员网络技术的专业化以及管理的正规化,才能有效地规避各种网络安全风险和确保网络系统的正常运行,研究结果对如何预防与控制高校数字图书馆网络安全风险具有借鉴和指导作用。