玉米秸秆黄原酸盐对铅离子的动态吸附特征

玉米秸秆黄原酸盐是一种新型的重金属吸附材料.为了揭示玉米秸秆黄原酸盐对溶液中铅离子的动态吸附特征,本文通过柱体穿透吸附模拟实验方法,研究了玉米秸秆黄原酸对流体中铅离子的吸附穿透曲线、吸附效率及水体流速、初始浓度、填柱高度等因素对其吸附特性的影响,并采用The Thomas、The Bohart-Adams、The Wolborskal和The Yoon-Nelson等模型进行动力学拟合.结果表明,流速、初始浓度、填柱高度等因素对玉米秸秆黄原酸盐吸附铅离子的穿透曲线都有明显影响,Thomas模型和Yoon-Nelson模型能较好反映吸附过程特征.实验表明,玉米秸秆黄原酸盐对铅离子的吸附量为175 mg·g~(-1),吸附后的玉米秸秆黄原酸盐残渣体性能稳定.     

旱作小麦─玉米垅种沟盖地膜带田集水调水与增产效应研究

旱作垅种（小麦）沟盖（玉米）地膜带田优于目前推广的沟种（小麦）垅盖（玉米）带田种植形式。在作物共生期相互调水作用更趋合理，平衡了小麦、玉米不同生育阶段对水分的供需矛盾，作物的生态条件更加适宜，群体结构更加协调，提高了作物的生产量，前者比后者增产９０％～１２５％。     

Impacts of climate change on development rate and production of corn in the northeastern China

In this paper, the impacts of climate change on development rate and production of corn in the northeastern China are discussed. The results show that the higher the temperature is, the faster the development rate will be. And the more the precipitation is, the slower the development rate will be. Of which, air temperature is the controlling factor of corn development rate. The influences of development rate on corn yield are remarkable. The impacts of development rate on production in first and last periods are great, and small in the middle two periods. The development rate is positive by relate with corn production from sowing to emergence stage and negative during other periods. So, it is very important to arrange a suitable sowing time for com cultivating in the northeastern China.     

Eco engineering for wastes treatment in process of alcohol production

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＩｔｈａｓｂｅｅｎｆｏｒａｌｏｎｇｔｉｍｅａｄｉｓｔｕｒｂｅｄｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｆｏｒｈｕｍａｎｂｅｉｎｇｓｔｏｆｉｎｄａｔｒａｄｅｏｆｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔａｎｄｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｐｒｏ...     

MBBR泥膜复合系统泥膜竞争关系的影响因素

为探究MBBR泥膜复合硝化系统内泥膜竞争关系，通过小试试验研究了水处理过程中常规因素（污泥浓度、DO、温度、C/N）对MBBR泥膜复合系统硝化效果的影响，分析了系统内污泥容积负荷和移动床生物膜反应器（MBBR，Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactor）生物膜容积负荷变化趋势，进而得出泥膜竞争规律.结果表明，MBBR泥膜复合系统容积负荷均大于单一污泥或MBBR生物膜系统的容积负荷.在一定范围内，污泥浓度、DO、温度与MBBR泥膜复合系统容积负荷呈现正相关，且系统内活性污泥在与MBBR生物膜在竞争DO和基质时优势明显，而MBBR生物膜则具有更强的耐低温能力.进水C/N与MBBR泥膜复合系统硝化负荷呈负相关，且活性污泥在应对进水C/N过高时较MBBR生物膜更具优势，MBBR的“镶嵌”则强化了系统SND效果.微生物群落变化显示MBBR泥膜复合系统内的硝化细菌优势菌属为Nitrospira，且悬浮载体生物膜对其富集能力明显高于活性污泥.     

玉米地氮肥释放N_2O的研究

测定了３种施氮肥处理的玉米地Ｎ＿２Ｏ的排放通量，计算了氮肥以Ｎ＿２Ｏ形式排放成的氮损失率。在玉米生长期内，对照田、施化肥田和施混合肥田排放Ｎ＿２Ｏ通量分别是８．５±２．２、１８．９±１１．７和１５．４±５．９μｇＮ／ｍ￣２·ｈ，尿素和有机肥释放出的Ｎ＿２Ｏ占其相应施肥量的０．１９％和０．１２％。     

镉对不同基因型水稻生长毒害影响的比较研究

利用水培分期添加镉试验，研究了杂交水稻和常规水稻在不同生育时期对环境镉毒害的反应。结果表明，在水稻幼穗分化之前，镉主要降低光合生产力，影响植株生长；幼穗分化至抽穗期，主要抑制生殖器官分化，造成颖花败育；抽穗期之后，镉主要干扰体内营养物质的迁移和再分配。就对产量影响而言，幼穗分化至抽穗期是水稻对镉反应最敏感时期，杂交稻比常规稻对镉污染毒害敏感。     

玉米淀粉生产废水处理工程设计与实践

通过奋达淀粉有限公司生产废水的处理工程实践，介绍厌氧-二次氧化工艺处理高浓度玉米淀粉生产废水的调试运行情况，运行结果表明：在进水CODCr为3800mg／L、SS在200mg／L、pH为4～5。处理后水质CODCr〈100、SS〈70、pH为6-9，达到《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978-1996）一级标准。     

Complex courtship in a bimodal grasshopper hybrid zone

Grasshoppers of the Chorthippus albomarginatus-group, which is outstanding with respect to its complex courtship song, were studied at fifteen localities in the Ukraine and Moldova. The analysis of the courtship songs revealed two species: C. albomarginatus in north-eastern Ukraine and Chorthippus oschei in the south-western Ukraine and Moldova. In a belt about 200 km wide, not only were one or the other pure species found, but also males with intermediate song characters. C. albomarginatus and C. oschei were hybridised in the laboratory, and F1 hybrid males as well as F2 hybrid males produced intermediate song patterns, quite similar to those recorded in the field. We defined a "hybrid song score" for intermediate songs. The score showed a bimodal distribution with most songs resembling one or other parental type, but with only a few intermediates. At several localities, where hybrids with songs similar to one of the parental species dominated, some individual males sang more similarly to the other species. In one locality, two hybrid populations only 3 km apart had different parental types. Hybrid songs can contain novel elements, even more complex than the parental ones, which may offer a new starting point for sexual selection. We suggest that genetic introgression occurs between the two sibling species C. albomarginatus and C. oschei within a wide hybrid zone stretching over a distance of several hundred kilometres, but with a patchy spatial distribution. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article if you access the article at . A link in the frame on the left on that page takes you directly to the supplementary material. Communicated by D. Gwynne     

基于PEMS试验的混合动力轿车与传统汽油轿车的排放对比研究

利用车载测试系统(PEMS),对混合动力轿车及传统汽油轿车进行城市典型道路工况下的排放测试试验,对比分析试验车辆速度和比功率区间下的排放特性。试验结果表明,混合动力轿车CO、HC和NOx排放速率及其排放因子呈现相似的变化规律,车速低于20 km/h时,发动机处于关闭状态尾气排放为零;低于50 km/h时,发动机排气温度过低,三元催化器不工作,排放速率及排放因子随车速的升高而显著增大;车速达到50~55 km/h后,三元催化器开始工作,污染物浓度急剧下降;传统车与混动动力车的3种污染物的排放速率随VSP的变化规律相似;混合动力轿车CO、HC和NOx的平均排放因子相比传统汽油轿车有明显的优势,分别为传统汽油车的23.3%、2.92%和66.9%。