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Low cost agro-waste biosorbents namely eucalyptus bark (EB), corn cob (CC), bamboo chips (BC), rice straw (RS) and rice husk (RH) were characterized and used to study atrazine and imidacloprid sorption. Adsorption studies suggested that biosorbents greatly varied in their pesticide sorption behaviour. The EB was the best biosorbent to sorb both atrazine and imidacloprid with KF values of 169.9 and 85.71, respectively. The adsorption isotherm were nonlinear in nature with slope (1/n) values <1. The Freundlich constant Correlating atrazine/imidacloprid sorption parameter [KF.(1/n)] with the physicochemical properties of the biosorbents suggested that atrazine adsorption correlated significantly to the aromaticity, polarity, surface area, fractal dimension, lacunarity and relative C-O band intensity parameters of biosorbents. Probably, both physisorption and electrostatic interactions were responsible for the pesticide sorption. The eucalyptus bark can be exploited as low cost adsorbent for the removal of these pesticides as well as a component of on-farm biopurification systems. 相似文献
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Anu Kumari Balasubramanian Ramakrishnan 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(10):843-857
AbstractThis study reports degradation of azoxystrobin (AZOXY) and imidacloprid (IMIDA) in the rice straw (RS)/corn cob (CC) and peat (P)/compost (C)-based biomixtures. The effect of biomixture preconditioning (10?days incubation prior to pesticide application), pesticide concentration and moisture content was evaluated. Results suggested that conditioning of biomixture greatly affected IMIDA degradation where half-life (t1/2) was reduced by 5–9 times. This was attributed to higher microbial biomass carbon content and dehydrogenase activity in the conditioned biomixtures. Pesticide application in the conditioned biomixture did not show any negative impact on soil microbial parameters. Both pesticides degraded at faster rate in the rice straw-based biomixtures than in the corn cob-based biomixtures. Degradation slowed down with increase in initial concentration of pesticides in biomixture and 1.6–3.0 (AZOXY) and 2.4–3.6 (IMIDA) times increase in t1/2 values was observed. The moisture content of biomixture showed positive effect on degradation which increased when moisture content was increased from 60 to 80% water holding capacity. The effect was significant for IMIDA degradation in the corn cob-based biomixtures and AZOXY degradation in the peat biomixtures. The rice straw-based biomixtures were better in degrading AZOXY and IMIDA and can be used in biopurification systems. 相似文献
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Mn/Ce复合催化剂湿式氧化降解高浓度吡虫啉农药废水的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过共沉淀法制备了用于湿式氧化吡虫啉农药废水的Mn/Ce复合催化剂,利用BET比表面积测定和XRD对催化剂进行了表征,研究了焙烧温度对Mn/Ce催化剂活性及稳定性的影响,探讨了湿式催化氧化吡虫啉农药废水的适宜反应温度和氧分压.结果表明,Mn/Ce催化剂晶粒细小,晶粒尺寸小于15nm;适当降低焙烧温度,对减小催化剂晶粒、增加比表面积、提高活性有利,但会使金属溶出量增大、稳定性下降;提高反应温度,湿式催化氧化反应速率加快,而氧分压大于1.6MPa后,反应速率不受氧分压影响;使用该催化剂,在温度190℃、氧分压1.6MPa、进水pH为6.21的条件下经120min处理,COD去除率达93.1%;Mn/Ce复合催化剂对湿式氧化吡虫啉农药废水显示较好的活性和稳定性. 相似文献
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Jitendra Kumar N. A. Shakil M. A. Khan Kamlesh Malik Suresh Walia 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(8):678-682
Controlled release (CR) formulations of carbofuran and imidacloprid were prepared employing polyvinyl chloride and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and their bioefficacy was evaluated against the aphid, Aphis gossypii and leafhopper, Amrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida on potato crop. The CR formulations of carbofuran and imidacloprid provided better or equal control of the pests than commercial formulations. CMC-based formulation provided a superior control of both the pests. The Imida-CMC, which showed the lowest population of leaf hopper (10.50 leafhopper/100 cl), provided significantly superior control among all treatments after 35 days after germination (DAG). The residue of carbofuran and imidacloprid in potato tuber and soils were not detectable at the time of harvesting in any one of the formulations. 相似文献
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Youssef M. M. Mohammed 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2017,52(10):752-761
In the present study, a new fungal strain capable of imidacloprid degradation was isolated from agricultural wastewater drain. The fungal strain of YESM3 was identified as Aspergillus terreus based on ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 gene sequence by PCR amplification of a 500 bp sequence. Screening of A. terreus YESM3 to the insecticide imidacloprid tolerance was achieved by growing fungus in Czapek Dox agar for 6 days at 28°C. High values (1.13 and 0.94 cm cm?1) of tolerance index (TI) were recorded at 25 and 50 mg L?1 of imidacloprid, respectively in the presence and absence of sucrose. However, at 400 mg L?1 the fungus did not grow. Effects of the imidacloprid concentration, pH, and inoculum size on the biodegradation percentage were tested using Box–Behnken statistical design and the biodegradation was monitored by HPLC analysis at different time intervals. Box–Behnken results indicated that optimal conditions for biodegradation were at pH 4 and two fungal discs (10 mm diameter) in the presence of 61.2 mg L?1 of imidacloprid. A. terreus YESM3 strain was capable of degrading 85% of imidacloprid 25 mg L?1 in Czapek Dox broth medium at pH 4 and 28°C for 6 days under static conditions. In addition, after 20 days of inoculation, biodegradation recorded 96.23% of 25 mg L?1 imidacloprid. Degradation kinetics showed that the imidacloprid followed the first order kinetics with half-life (t50) of 1.532 day. Intermediate product identified as 6-chloronicotinic acid (6CNA) as one of the major metabolites during degradation of imidacloprid by using HPLC. Thus, A. terreus YESM3 showed a potential to reduce pollution by pesticides and toxicity in the effected environment. However, further studies should be conducted to understand the biodegradation mechanism of this pesticide in liquid media. 相似文献
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本文建立了吡虫啉光降解产物中无机阴离子的毛细管电泳分析方法,背景电解质采用铬酸钠和十四烷基三甲基溴化铵,254nm紫外间接检测,在选定条件下,光降解产物中各种阴离子在3min内达到完全分离; 相似文献
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Dalibor Broznić Čedomila Milin 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(8):779-794
Sorption-desorption behavior of imidacloprid in six soils collected from five coastal regions in Croatia at 20, 30 and 40°C was investigated using batch equilibrium technique. Isothermal data were applied to Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin equations, and the thermodynamic parameters ΔH°, ΔG°, ΔS° were calculated. The sorption isotherm curves were non-linear and may be classified as L-type, suggesting a relatively high sorption capacity for imidacloprid. Our results showed that the K sor F values decreased for all the tested soils as the temperature increased, indicating that the temperature strongly influences the sorption. Values of ΔG° were negative (?4.65 to ?2.00 kJ/mol) indicating that at all experimental temperatures the interactions of imidacloprid with soils were spontaneous processes. The negative and small ΔH° values (?19.79 to ?8.89 kJ/mol) were in the range of weak forces, such as H-bonds, consistent with interactions and partitioning of the imidacloprid molecules into soil organic matter. The ΔS° values followed the range of ?57.12 to ?14.51 J/molK, suggesting that imidacloprid molecules lose entropy during transition from the solution phase to soil surface. It was found that imidacloprid desorption from soil was concentration and temperature-dependent, i.e. at lower imidacloprid concentrations and temperature, lower desorption percentage occurred. Desorption studies revealed that hysteretic behavior under different temperature treatments existed, and it was more pronounced at 20°C in the soils with higher OC content. The study results emphasize the importance of thermodynamic parameters in controlling soil pesticide mobility in different geographical locations, seasons and greenhouse conditions. 相似文献
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