基于G_1法的飞行疲劳综合评价指标体系研究

为综合控制并评价飞行疲劳风险,通过对疲劳影响因素的深入分析,运用层次分析法(AHP)确定疲劳风险评价指标,依据G1法编制专家调查问卷,采用专家独立调查方法对指标进行判断,根据G1法确定各指标权重,建立飞行疲劳综合评价指标体系,实现对疲劳风险的量化综合评价。结果表明:运用G1法能有效地综合利用影响疲劳的各种信息评价飞行员的疲劳状况,该指标体系与现有控制飞行疲劳风险的影响因素吻合较好,可以作为进一步实现疲劳风险量化的基础。     

基于G1-独立性权数法的热带海岛环境真空断路器状态评估

目的 提高热带海岛环境下真空断路器状态评估方法的全面性和准确性,为高温、高湿、高辐照、高盐雾气候环境下真空断路器的差异化运维和状态检修提供有效的数据基础.方法 统计分析热带海岛地区电力设备的缺陷类型和原因,构建断路器的环境状态评价指标,实现真空断路器的综合评价指标体系的拓展.采用序关系分析法(G1)和独立性权数法组合赋权,实现断路器运行状态的综合评估.结果 通过实例分析验证了此真空断路器评估方法的可行性,G1-独立性权数法综合考虑了专家主观经验及指标数据客观规律,能够降低指标间重复性信息对断路器评估结果的不利影响.结论 G1-独立性权数法有效计及了真空断路器所处的环境状态,综合考虑了主观经验和客观规律,能够减小指标间重复信息所导致的指标权重误差,保证了热带海岛环境下真空断路器评估结果的客观性和准确性.     

混凝土复合型裂缝的断裂能及其判据研究

首先通过理论分析得到断裂能与能量释放率的关系,继而根据试验研究测出的单一型裂缝的断裂能,进行单一型裂缝断裂能与断裂韧度的相关性分析,得到了单一型裂缝的断裂能与能量释放率之间的关系,再进行数值模拟,获得混凝土复合型裂缝的断裂能。基于Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型、二维复合型(Ⅰ-Ⅱ、Ⅰ-Ⅲ、Ⅱ-Ⅲ)和三维复合型(Ⅰ-Ⅱ-Ⅲ)的应力强度因子断裂临界曲线和临界曲面(即完整的系列K判据),通过各复合型裂缝的断裂韧度,得到相应的能量释放率,进而获得复合型裂缝的断裂能,绘出断裂能临界曲线和曲面,从而建立了完整的系列断裂能G判据。     

Exploitation of Trichoderma harzianum mycelial waste for the removal of rhodamine 6G from aqueous solution

The harvested mycelial waste of Trichoderma harzianum was used as an adsorbent for the removal of rhodamine 6G and was studied in batch mode. The effects of agitation time and initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage and pH were examined. The study revealed that the amount of dye adsorbed (mgg(-1)) increased with increase in agitation time and reached equilibrium after 120 min, for dye concentrations of 10-50 mg L(-1). The adsorbent dosage of 1.0 g/50 mL and pH of 8.0 were found to be optimum for maximum dye removal. The batch mode adsorption data followed both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The pseudo first- and second-order rate kinetics were applied to the adsorbent system. The adsorption kinetics of rhodamine 6G showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided the best correlation of the equilibrium data. The study implies that it is possible to develop a dye removal system by using T. harzianum biomass, which occurs as sludge in waste stream of fermentation industries.     

An uncertainty based multi-criteria ranking system for open pit mining cut-off grade strategy selection

Cut-off grade strategy (COGS) is a concept that directly influences the financial, technical, economical, and environmental issues in relation to the exploitation of a mineral resource. Despite the simple definition of cut-off grade, the COGS problem is one of the complex and complicated problems in the mine planning process. From the optimization point of view, the COGS with an objective of maximizing the present value of future cash flows is a non-linear and a non-convex problem that even in its deterministic form can be solved using approximate optimization methods. This optimization problem will also be more complex and complicated under uncertainty conditions. This paper proposes an uncertainty based multi-criteria ranking system to investigate the problem of COGS selection considering metal price and geological uncertainties. The proposed system aims at selection of the best COGS among technically feasible alternative COGSs under uncertainty circumstances. Our developed system is based on integrating metal price and geological uncertainties as well as operating flexibility to close the mine early. We incorporate this operating flexibility into the proposed system using a Monte Carlo based real options (RO) valuation model. For this purpose, in addition to the expected value, other risk criteria are considered to rank the alternatives. These risk criteria include abilities of strategies in producing extra profits, minimizing losses, and achieving the predefined goals of the production. In this study, the technically possible COGSs are generated using the Lane comprehensive algorithm. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system, we utilize data of an Iranian gold mine. Results show that the proposed system outperforms conventional methods in the sense that it shows significantly lower average mis-ranking than the other methods and also selects a strategy with a higher value. The sensitivity analysis of the proposed system relative to the gold price shows that the system is highly dependent on the parameters of the stochastic process used to model the evolution of the metal price. Therefore, special consideration should be given in estimating stochastic process parameters.     

Volcanic hazard warning system: Persistence and transferability

This study examines the normative functioning of the volcano warning system on the Island of Hawaii. The research seeks to identify the combination of factors, both environmental and social, which allows the system to operate with success. On the basis of the findings, several recommendations are offered for improving environmental hazard warning systems.     

SO2吸入对小鼠组织谷胱甘肽氧化还原系统的影响

从SO2吸入对雄性小鼠组织谷胱甘肽氧化还原系统中的抗氧化酶谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)和葡萄糖6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)以及还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和脂质过氧化物(TBARS)的影响探讨SO2的毒性作用机理.将昆明种纯系雄性小鼠60只随机分成3大组,每组20只,每一大组再随机分成SO2吸入组和对照组(SO2吸入组10只,对照组10只).吸入组吸入SO2浓度分别为(22±2)mg/m3,(64±3)mg/m3和(148±23)mg/m3.分别检测其脑、肺、心、肝、肾组织中GST、G6PD的活性以及GSH、TBARS的含量变化.当SO2浓度为(148±23)mg/m3时,脑、肺、心、肝、肾组织中GST和G6PD活性以及GSH含量均比对照组达到极显著(P<0.01)或显著降低(P<0.05),而脑和肺、心、肝、肾组织中TBARS水平则是显著(P<0.05)或极显著升高(P<0.01),且各指标与SO2浓度间有显著的剂量依赖关系.SO2吸入可使谷胱甘肽氧化还原系统中的关键性酶GST和G6PD活性发生显著降低,可使抗氧化物质GSH含量显著下降,而脂质过氧化物TBARS则显著升高,最终使谷胱甘肽氧化还原系统发生大的变化,导致氧化损伤.图2表2参16     

碘化物-罗丹明6G体系共振瑞利散射法测定痕量铅

在稀磷酸介质中 ,铅 (Ⅱ )与过量的I-离子形成 [PbI4]2 -配阴离子 ,并进一步与罗丹明 6G(Rh6G )形成离子缔合配合物 ,产生强烈的共振瑞利散射 (RRS )光谱 ,最大RRS波长位于 315nm 对共振瑞利散射光谱特性、主要影响因素和反应的最佳条件进行了研究 ,在 4 0× 10 -5%D 2 0× 10 -4μg·ml-1范围内 ,共振瑞利散射强度与铅的浓度成线性关系 ,实验结果表明 ,铅的检出限为 3 5× 10 -5μg·ml-1,可用于自来水中痕量铅的测定     

石墨烯与抑癌基因p53 DNA片段相互作用的分子模拟与光谱学验证

石墨烯(graphene,G)及其衍生物由于具有独特的理化性质,被广泛应用于能源、生物医学等领域,但尚缺乏其对生物体和环境潜在危害的研究。采用分子动力学模拟并结合光谱学方法(紫外可见吸收光谱、紫外变温实验及荧光光谱),分析了石墨烯与抑癌基因p53启动子区DNA片段(p53-DNA)间的相互作用,并探讨了相关作用机制。石墨烯的部分芳香环与p53-DNA碱基的芳香环之间存在π-π堆积作用,两者可以通过嵌插作用进行结合,同时还通过沟槽作用进一步结合。光谱实验进一步证实,在石墨烯作用下,p53-DNA的熔点(Tm)值升高,EB-DNA体系发生静态荧光淬灭,说明石墨烯能与p53-DNA结合;同时,p53-DNA与石墨烯结合后在260 nm处的吸光度升高,说明石墨烯对p53-DNA的双螺旋结构具有一定的破坏作用。上述研究结果从分子水平上分析了石墨烯与p53-DNA间的相互作用机制,有助于进一步阐明石墨烯的毒性作用机理。     

城镇燃气管道第三方施工损伤风险评价方法研究

针对第三方施工对城镇燃气管道的不利影响,提出一种半定量风险评价方法。首先,基于“人—机—环境—管理”系统确定失效因素,利用G2赋权法对因素赋权,并引入物元模型分析失效可能性;然后,建立喷射火焰、闪火和蒸气云爆炸的数学模型计算管道泄漏的伤害面积,确定失效后果等级;最后,根据API 581中的风险矩阵得出燃气管道第三方施工破坏风险等级。实例分析表明,该方法兼具定性评价与定量评价的优点,能更加准确有效地进行风险分析,确定风险等级。