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431.
Enhanced photocatalytic activity of TiO2 by surface fluorination in degradation of organic cationic compound 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of TiO2 surface fluorination on the photodegradation of a representative organic cationic compound, Methylene Blue (MB). The eleetropositive MB shows poor adsorption on TiO2 surface; its degradation performs a HO. radical-mediated mechanism. In the F-modified system, the kinetic reaction rate enlarged more than 2.5 fold that was attributed mainly to the accumulating adsorption of MB and the increased photogenerated hole available on the F-modified TiO2 surface. 相似文献
432.
In this study, the surface chemical functional groups of Bacillus cereus biomass were identified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analytical technique. It had been shown that the B. cereus cells mainly contained carboxyl, hydroxyl, phosphate, amino and amide functional groups. The potentiometric titration was conducted to explain the surface acid-base properties of aqueous B. cereus biomass. The computer program FITEQL 4.0 was used to perform the model calculations. The optimization results indicated that three sitesthree pKas model, which assumed the cell surface to have three distinct types of surface organic functional groups based on the IR analysis results, simulated the experimental results very well. Moreover, batch adsorption experiments were performed to investigate biosorption behavior of Cu(Ⅱ) and Pb(Ⅱ) ions onto the biomass. Obviously, the adsorption equilibrium data for the two ions were reasonably described by typical Langmuir isotherm. 相似文献
433.
Temperature dependence of the absolute rate constant for the reaction of ozone
with dimethyl sulfide
Absolute rate constants for the reaction of ozone with dimethyl sulfide (DMS) were measured in a 200-L Teflon chamber over the temperature range of 283-353 K. Measurements were carried out using DMS in large excess over ozone of 10 to 1 or greater. Over the indicated temperature range,the data could be fit to the simple Arrhenius expression as KDMS = (9.96±3.61)×10-11exp(-(7309.7±1098.2)/T)cm3/(molecule·s). A compared investigation of the reaction between ozone and ethene had a kc2H4 value of(1.35±0.11)×10-18 cm3/(molecule·s) at room temperature. 相似文献
434.
HAN Hai-yan HUANG Guo-dong JIN Shun-ping ZHENG Pei-chao XU Guo-hu LI Jian-quan WANG Hong-mei CHU Yan-nan 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(6):751-755
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a very fast, highly sensitive, and inexpensive technique, it permits efficient monitoring of volatile organic compounds like alcohols. In this article, positive ion mobility spectra for six alcohol organic compounds have been systematically studied for the first time using a high-resolution IMS apparatus equipped with a discharge ionization source. Utilizing protonated water cluster ions (H2O)nH^+ as the reactant ions and clean air as the drift gas, alcohol organic compounds, ethanol, 1- propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol and 2-octanol, all exhibit product ion characteristic peaks in their respective ion mobility spectrometry, that is a result of proton transfer reactions between the alcohols and reaction ions (H2O)nH^+. The mixture of these alcohols, including two isomers, has been detected, and the results showed that they could be distinguished effectively in the ion mobility spectrum. The reduced mobility values have been determined, which are in very well agreement with the traditional ^63Ni-IMS experimental values. The exponential dilution method was used to calibrate the alcohol concentrations, and a detection limit available for the alcohols is in order of magnitude of a few ng/L. 相似文献
435.
CAI Peng HUANG Qiao-yun LU Yan-du CHEN Wen-li JIANG Dai-hu LIANG Wei 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(11):1326-1329
Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)was used to amplify a 600-base pair(bp)sequence of plasmid pGEX-2T DNA bound on soil colloidal particles from Brown soil(Alfisol)and Red soil(Ultisol),and three different minerals(goethite,kaolinite,montmorillonite). DNA bound on soil colloids,kaolinite,and montmorillonite was not amplified when the complexes were used directly but amplification occurred when the soil colloid or kaolinite-DNA complex was diluted,10- and 20-fold.The montmorillonite-DNA complex required at least 100-fold dilution before amplification could be detected.DNA bound on goethile was amplified irrespective of whether the complex was used directly,or diluted 10- and 20-fold.The amplification of mineral-bound plasmid DNA by PCR is,therefore,markedly influenced by the type and concentration of minerals used.This information is of fundamental importance to soil molecular microbial ecology with particular reference to monitoring the fate of genetically engineered microorganisms and their recombinant DNA in soil environments. 相似文献
436.
两性木质素接枝共聚物的聚合反应与离子化改性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究碱木质素与复合单体在水相中接枝共聚,以Mannich反应进一步对接枝产物进行阳离子化改性.结果表明:在70℃±5℃下进行木质素与复合单体接枝共聚反应,当pH值为7.0-8.0、反应时间为2h-2.5h,获得较理想的接枝效果,过硫酸盐引发效果优于过氧化氢,引发剂适宜的反应浓度约为10mmol·l-1.共聚物阳离子化改性的适宜条件为:醛、胺与木质素的质量比为0.5∶1.2∶1,反应温度60℃-70℃,反应时间2h,反应产物为一种具有阴、阳离子两性基团的木质素聚合物. 以丙酮分离产物,当体积比为0.75时,获得产物与水较好的分离效果. 红外光谱分析表明,木质素与复合单体实现了有效的接枝共聚和离子化改性. 相似文献
437.
集成电路产业含氟废水处理工程 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
介绍采用三级反应一级沉淀为主体工艺,处理集成电路产业含氟废水的实际应用情况和工程治理效果。实践表明,采用本处理技术,能确保出水水质氟离子浓度达到上海市《污水综合排放标准》(DB31/199-1997)的二级标准,即F-浓度≤10mg/L。 相似文献
438.
壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚在水溶液中的光降解行为研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
采用模拟日光灯和长波紫外灯(UVA-365nm)2种光源,对水溶液中壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(NPEOs)的光降解动力学、降解过程中NPEO同系物成分的变化、以及氧化剂过氧化氢的加入对光降解的影响进行了研究,并采用LC-MS对光降解的产物进行了分析.研究表明,实验周期内NPEOs在模拟日光和长波紫外光下均发生不同程度的光降解,降解速率常数分别为6.20×10-3 μmol/(L·h)和1.18×10-2 μmol/(L·h).在模拟日光下,在NPEOs降解过程中观察到短链的NPEO1,3分布比例的增加,而在长波紫外光下的降解过程中并没有发现NPEO成分分布的变化.过氧化氢的加入对NPEOs的光降解具有明显的促进作用,特别是在模拟日光下,0.01 mmol/L和1.00 mmol/L H2O2的加入使NPEOs的96h降解率由20.9%分别提高至44.4%和91.5%.通过LC-MS分析,初步认为壬基酚三乙氧基乙酸的烷基氧化产物(CA3~9PEC3)是溶液中NPEOs光降解的主要产物,并据此推断了可能的反应历程. 相似文献
439.
介绍高纯铜锌合金滤材的特性和先进性,以及讨论了去除水中铅、砷、汞的机理,可应用的范围,应用现状及前景。介绍高纯铜锌合金滤材的特性和先进性,以及讨论了去除水中铅、砷、汞的机理,可应用的范围,应用现状及前景。 相似文献
440.
二氧化锰氧化降解五氯酚的动力学模拟研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了五氯酚(PCP)在二氧化锰(MnO2)氧化作用下的降解反应动力学,并讨论了无机离子和有机组分对PCP降解动力学的影响.采用n级反应速率模型对PCP降解动力学进行非线性拟合,结果显示n>0.999,这表明一级反应速率模型适用于模拟PCP降解反应.在保证95%置信区间的条件下,采用准一级反应速率模型对0.5 h内的PCP降解动力学进行了非线性拟合,得到的离心法和维生素C破坏法下PcP降解表观速率常数kobs分别是2.86和2.14 h-1.二价金属离子的加入能降低PCP的kobs;当超过MnO2初始浓度2%以上的Mn2 存在时,Mn2 能对PCP的kobs产生显著影响,而其它不同类型和浓度的离子对kobs不产生显著影响.8种酚酸中的咖啡酸、丁香酸和五倍子酸对kobs的抑制作用达到了显著性水平;而肉桂酸、香豆酸、阿魏酸和邻(对)羟基苯甲酸的影响不明显.研究表明,降低PCP降解速率的主要原因是由于导致PCP在MnO2表面的吸附作用减弱或在MnO2表面与PCP发生竞争反应造成的. 相似文献